Minerals Belarus, lawv tus mob thiab siv

Yuav ua li cas pab tau Belarus txawv tseem ceeb reserves ntawm minerals? Yuav ua li cas yog muab zais nyob rau hauv lub depths ntawm lub Eastern European lub teb chaws? Yuav ua li cas rationally tsim thiab siv mineral kev pab ntawm cov koom pheej? Teb cov lus nug no peb yuav sim nyob rau hauv no tsab xov xwm.

Belarus: zoo sib xws ntawm qhov xwm ntawm lub teb chaws

Lub cev geography ntawm Belarus yog yus muaj los ntawm ntau yam. Lawv yog:

• Nras cheeb tsam;
• lub predominance ntawm cov neeg pluag sod-podzolic thiab sod-los xau;
• ib tug kub tsis txias continental kev nyab xeeb uas nquag lub caij ntuj no thaws;
• tseem ceeb nraum (txog 30%);
• ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm dej tsis qab ntsev pas dej (nyob rau hauv tag nrho - tsis tsawg tshaj li 10 txhiab).

Hais txog ib tug thib peb ntawm lub teb chaws yog them los ntawm forests, muaj raws mas ntoo ntawm ntoo qhib, birch, Aspen, spruce los yog ntoo thuv. Heev heev cov pas dej thiab swamps ntawm Belarus tau xaiv ntau yam ntawm cov noog. Lub xeev yog ib tug cia Bialowieza tom hav zoov, uas yog lub npe hu nyob deb tshaj lub teb chaws. Nws yog kev tiv thaiv los ntawm ib tug pejxeem loj ntawm cov nyuj qus, raws li zoo raws li lub xeem nyob rau hauv Teb chaws Europe, relict hav zoov cheeb tsam.

Minerals Belarus: stocks thiab cov theem ntawm txoj kev loj hlob

Nyob rau hauv Belarus muaj txog 4 txhiab deposits ntawm ntau yam minerals. Mus rau tag nrho lub ntiaj teb no lub teb chaws yog nto moo rau nws lossis loj reserves ntawm potash. Los ntawm lub ntim ntawm nws muaj deposits nws tuas ib tug uas txoj hauj lwm nyob rau hauv teb chaws Europe.

Lwm yam minerals ntawm Belarus - yog pob zeb ntsev, peat, raws li zoo raws li cov ntaub ntawv raw rau hauv lub tsev lag luam (granite, dolomite, cwj mem av dawb, limestone, etc.). Muaj nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws thiab me me roj teb. Lawv txoj kev loj hlob pib nyob rau hauv 1960. Txawm li cas los, rau hnub tim, nws domestic kev thov rau dub kub lub teb chaws them 12-15%.

Muaj feem ntau yog nyob rau hauv lub depths ntawm Belarus, cov tsoos kub thiab diamonds (raws li cov kev xav ntawm ib co kws txawj, geologists). Txawm li cas los, lawv txoj kev loj hlob thiab ntau lawm nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub yuav uneconomical no vim qhov tsis sib sib zog nqus ntaub pua chaw pw ntawm lub chaw.

Mining thiab tshuaj raw cov ntaub ntawv: phosphates, potash thiab pob zeb ntsev

Nyob rau hauv lub Mogilev cheeb tsam koom pheej tshawb deposits ntawm pob zeb phosphate. Ntawm no, raws li geologists, nws yog hais txog 60 lab tons ntawm raw cov ntaub ntawv. Nyob rau hauv Belarus, phosphates uas hais nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm nyias paib los yog lwm tus ua li khiav ri nyob rau hauv ob peb txheej ntawm xuab zeb.

Nyob rau hauv lub depths ntawm lub teb chaws sab thiab poov tshuaj ntsev. Deposits ntawm no mineral kev pab yog feeb meej nyob rau hauv lub yav qab teb ib feem ntawm Belarus (Starobin, Oktyabrsky, Petrikov). Lawv muaj cov kev pab yog kwv yees li ntawm geologists nyob rau hauv 10 billion tons, thiab tag nrho cov (rau pem hauv ntej) - ze li ntawm 80 billion tons.

Nyob rau hauv Belarus, pom zoo unlimited reserves ntawm pob zeb ntsev. Lawv yog cov nyob rau hauv lub Pripyat phiab, ib cheeb tsam ntawm 25,000 square kilometers. Upper Devonian pob zeb ntsev deposits tsim nyob rau hauv ob khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg. Mining yog nqa tawm kom txog thaum tsuas yog ob tug qhov chaw - nyob rau ntawm Mozyr thiab Starobin deposits. Lawv recoverable reserves yog hais txog 22 billion tons ntawm raw cov ntaub ntawv.

Mineral raw cov ntaub ntawv rau qhov kev siv kev lag luam

Los ntawm cov zaub mov uas yog siv nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho, yuav tsum tau ntaus nqi zoo ua qoob thiab av nplaum, xuab zeb, gravel, gravel, cwj mem av dawb, marl, limestone, granite, dolomite, labradorite, marble, kaolin thiab lwm yam pob zeb. Lub ib ncig ntawm Belarus yog tsis tshua muaj nplua nuj nyob rau hauv cov zaub mov.

Fusible av nplaum nyob yuav luag thoob plaws lub teb chaws. Kom txog rau thaum pib ntawm lub thib nees nkaum xyoo pua lawv raug ntes, txawm tsis pub dhau rau ib thaj tsam ntawm Minsk. lub siab tshaj plaws zoo av nplaum dag hauv Vitebsk cheeb tsam. Tag nrho cov reserves ntawm fusible txais av ya nyob rau hauv Belarus yog kwv yees li ntawm yuav luag ib nrab ntawm ib billion tons. Kwv yees li tib yam ntim thiab gravel-xuab zeb nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv uas lub teb chaws. Refractory thiab refractory av nplaum tso tsis pub dhau Loev thiab Stolin cheeb tsam.

Nyob rau hauv ib ncig ntawm Belarus koom mined silicate thiab mortar sands. Lawv tag nrho tej zaum reserves yog kwv yees li ntawm ob billion cubic meters ntawm raw cov ntaub ntawv. Siv cov kev faib sands mined hnub no nyob rau 20 lub teb. Qhov loj tshaj ntawm lawv yog nyob ze ntawm lub zos ntawm Lebezhany Baranovichi koog tsev kawm ntawv.

Nyob rau hauv lub depths ntawm Belarus lies thiab raw cov ntaub ntawv rau lub MAAs kev lag luam - marl, cwj mem av dawb, av nplaum thiab Moraine. Nyob rau hauv kev, nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam tshawb Kostyukovichskij coob tso nyiaj ntawm MAAs raw cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv cov teb chaws Europe - Komunarskiy. Thaum nws puag nws ua hauj lwm peb cov nroj tsuag. Tab sis nyob ze ntawm lub nroog ntawm Vitebsk yog ib tug loj tso nyiaj ntawm dolomite.

Nyob rau hauv Belarus los ntawm lub ntiaj teb kuj zoo tu qab tso mineral pigments (dyes), uas yog dav siv nyob rau hauv ntau yam industries. Nws yog ib tug dawb cwj mem av dawb, ochre, siderite thiab glauconite.

Ore minerals

Belarus paub txog tsawg kawg yog ob deposits ntawm hlau ore. Lawv muaj nyob rau hauv Korelichi thiab Stolbtsy koog tsev kawm ntawv. Cov hlau cov ntsiab lus nyob rau hauv lub zos quartzite yog tsawg tsawg thiab nqi mus rau 30%. Ore ntau lawm yog tseem nyuaj heev sib sib zog nqus tshwm sim ntawm nws nqaws.

Nyob rau hauv lub yav qab teb ib feem ntawm lub teb chaws, geologists ntseeg hais tias, tej zaum yuav muaj ib co deposits uas tsis yog-ferrous co, nyob rau hauv particular, haiv neeg tooj liab thiab chalcopyrite. Nyob rau hauv Lelchitsa concentration ntawm uranium nyob rau hauv lub sediments yog loj txaus thiab nce mus txog lub industrial kev kawm (xws li, lub koom haum ntawm nws cov tej zaum yuav muaj ib tug nqi-zoo). Nyob rau hauv kev, geologists tshawb rau sab qab teb ntawm lub teb chaws, qhov chaw uas tus nplaim ntawm lub ntsej muag daim hlau thaiv crystalline pob zeb. Lawv yog cov ntseeg hais tias nyob rau hauv lub nyob ze yav tom ntej yuav muaj mus qhib tshiab teb ntawm ntau yam nws yog xim hlau minerals.

Roj minerals: roj, roj, peat

Tus thawj cov roj zoo twb drilled nyob rau hauv Belarus nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov 50-ies ntawm lub xeem caug xyoo. Txawm li cas los, cov extraction ntawm cov roj nws tsis muaj lub siab tshaj plaws zoo. Dub kub steel rau ib tug muaj scale yuav tsim no xwb nyob rau hauv nruab nrab-1960s. Belarusian roj ntau lawm chaw yog lub nroog ntawm Rechitsa nyob rau hauv lub Gomel cheeb tsam. Lub zos roj differed twb dua zoo. Lwm loj roj teb (Ostashkovichi) twb tshwm sim nyob rau hauv nees nkaum kilometers ntawm Rechitsa.

Tag nrho cov nyob rau hauv tag nrho, niaj hnub no nyob rau hauv Belarus tshawb txog tsib teb roj teb. Tag nrho cov reserves ntawm dub kub nyob rau hauv lawv yog ze li ntawm 90 lab tons. Txhua txhua xyoo, lub teb chaws derives los ntawm nws cov subsoil txog ob lab ntawm cov raw cov ntaub ntawv.

Nyob rau hauv Belarus roj kuj muaj ib co txuam roj. Txawm li cas los, nws cov them ib feem pua ntawm tag nrho cov domestic kev thov rau qhov no pab. Txuam roj yog siv los tsim hluav taws xob nyob rau hauv ib tug thermal fais fab nroj tsuag, thiab yog siv rau cov cua kub ntawm thaj vaj tse nyob rau hauv qhov kev koom ntawm cov Gomel cheeb tsam.

Nyob rau hauv lub bowels ntawm lub koom pheej muaj enormous deposits ntawm lwm roj kev pab - peat. Lawv tag nrho cov reserves ntawm txog 30 billion cubic meters ntawm raw cov ntaub ntawv. Rau hnub tim, lub peat nyob rau hauv Belarus yog ua los ntawm 42 teb. Feem ntau ntawm lawv nyob rau hauv lub Polesie cheeb tsam.

Ib txhia pheej mineral kev pab ntawm lub teb chaws

Yuav ua li cas lwm yam minerals yuav tsim cog lus nyob rau hauv Belarus? Muaj ntau ntau xws li:

• lignite;
• shale roj;
• gypsum.

Nyob rau hauv ib ncig ntawm lub teb chaws explored ob peb teb ntawm cov roj shale, uas yog lus dag ntawm ib tug tob ntawm 600 meters. Lawv tag nrho cov reserves yog kwv yees li kaum ib billion tons. Nplua nuj nyob hauv cov mineral kev pab thiab Belarusian xim av thee. Loj deposits ntawm no roj kev pab qhia rau sab hnub poob ntawm lub Pripyat lub sab. Nyob rau hauv tib thaj av ntawd muaj loj tso ntawm gypsum. Common stocks ntawm lub tsev ntaub ntawv yog kwv yees li ntawm 400 lab tons ntawm cov kws txawj.

Lub ib ncig ntawm Belarus, vim lub peculiarities ntawm lub geological qauv, nplua nuj thiab underground mineral dej. Nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws qhia heev heev qhov chaw ntawm sulphate, bicarbonate, magnesium, thiab lwm yam dej.

Niaj hnub nimno cov teeb meem thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov mineral kev pab nyob rau hauv Belarus

Qhov kawg ntawm 2015 Thawj Tswj Hwm Alexander Lukashenko muaj ib tug lub rooj sib tham uas, inter alia, sib tham hauv lub xeev thiab lub tam sim no siv cov mineral kev pab hauv paus ntawm lub teb chaws. Lub taub hau ntawm lub xeev nyuab siab tias Belarus yuav tsum tau txo nws dependence rau txawv teb chaws minerals. Qhov no yuav tsum ntau lawm twb tshawb deposits, raws li zoo raws li ib tug active nrhiav tshiab sawv daws yuav.

Belarus siv xyoos ib zaug txog 11 billion dollars rau lub purchase ntawm hydrocarbons los ntawm txawv teb chaws. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm ib lub teb chaws txawv teb chaws thiab cov neeg minerals, uas nyob rau hauv loj qhov ntau muaj nyob rau hauv lub bowels ntawm cov koom pheej. Peb yuav tau tham txog gravel, crushed pob zeb, plaster. Cov tib qhov teeb meem no nrog lwm tseem ceeb pab: piv txwv li, muaj nyob rau hauv nws pov tseg tshaj reserves ntawm high-zoo ntxhia dej, lub teb chaws yuav haus dej los ntawm Fabkis, Ltalis thiab lwm lub teb chaws.

Belarus tau tsim ib tug tshwj xeeb kev pab cuam rau txoj kev loj hlob thiab cov kev tswj ntawm lub zos mineral kev pab, uas yuav tsum tau txhim kho qhov teeb meem no rau lub zoo dua.

Nyob rau hauv xaus ...

Nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws twb tau tshawb txog 4 txhiab txawv teb. Lub nto moo tshaj plaws Belarusian pab tau cov kev pab uas tam sim no raug kev koom tsim - ib tug poov tshuaj ntsev, roj, roj, peat, pob zeb ntsev, dolomite, lub tsev xuab zeb, av nplaum thiab marl.