Magnetic induction

Peb paub tias tam sim no-nqa neeg xyuas pib muab tso rau hauv ib tug sib nqus teb, yog raug rau ib tug quab yuam. Nws coj nyob rau hauv cov kev coj ntawm lub teb kab thiab lub taw qhia ntawm qhov tam sim no: yog hais tias tus tom kawg yog lub npe hu, cov kev taw qhia ntawm tus quab yuam yuav tsum tau txiav txim los ntawm kev siv lub sab laug-tes txoj cai los yog txoj cai cov ntsia hlau.

Cia peb tam sim no xav txog dab tsi txiav txim qhov muaj nqis ntawm no quab yuam. Xa mus rau cov kev.

Raug tshem tawm ntawm sab laug lub xub pwg ntawm lub rocker qib nplai linear neeg xyuas pib AB thiab tso nws nyob nruab nrab ntawm lub tug N thiab S ntawm tus electromagnet ntawd tias nws yog perpendicular txoj kev sib nqus teb kab. Pheej nrog phau ntawv no yuav muaj xws li ib tug ammeter thiab rheostat, uas koj yuav ntsuas lub tam sim no nyob rau hauv no neeg xyuas pib. Sib npaug rau hauv lub dos, thiab rau hauv Circuit Court yog kaw. Cia tam sim no nyob rau hauv tus neeg xyuas pib AB xa los ntawm B rau A. Qhov nqi koj tshuav tes taw hnyav li lawm; los nws, nyob rau hauv txoj cai khob yuav tsum muab tso rau ib tug ntxiv raznovesok uas nws luj yog sib npaug zos rau cov quab yuam sib sib zog tsa rau lub hlau mas downwards. Peb yuav hloov tam sim no tam sim no peb pib; peb nco ntsoov tias tam sim no nce nrog lub nce thiab lub dag zog yuam uas ua rau lub tsheb. Cov kev hloov yuav qhia rau peb hais tias tus quab yuam uas lub magnetic teb ua rau tus neeg xyuas pib yog ncaj qha xwm yeem mus rau tam sim no ntws los ntawm nws.

Nws yog nyob ntawm seb lub hwj chim ntawm qhov ntev ntawm tus neeg xyuas pib AB? Yuav kom daws tau qhov teeb meem no, peb yuav tsum siv sij hawm nyob ntawm tej sib txawv ntawm cov lengths nyob rau tib lub tam sim no. Cov kev ntsuam qhia rau peb hais tias tus quab yuam uas cov magnetic teb muaj feem xyuam rau qhov tam sim no-nqa neeg xyuas pib, yuav tau ncaj qha mus proportional rau qhov ntev ntawm tus neeg xyuas pib nyob rau hauv ib tug sib nqus teb.

Cia F - quab yuam, uas ua nyob rau tam sim-nqa neeg xyuas pib muab tso rau hauv ib tug sib nqus teb, l - ntev ntawm tus neeg xyuas pib thiab kuv - tam sim no nyob rau ntawd.

Nrog rau cov kev hloov nyob rau hauv qhov ntev l ntawm tus neeg xyuas pib thiab qhov tam sim no nyob rau hauv nws yog hloov, raws li peb tau pom, thiab qhov ntau ntawm kev quab yuam F.

Qhov ratio ntawm tus quab yuam F rau qhov ntev ntawm tus neeg xyuas pib tam sim no kuv thiab nws yog ib qhov ywj siab ntawm tam sim no nyob rau ntawd; yog li ntawd, qhov no piv tau tuab lub magnetic teb.

Qhov no kom muaj nuj nqis yog hu ua tus nqus induction los yog sib nqus induction.

Txhais lub magnetic induction tsab ntawv B. By txhais, ib tug yuav sau:

B = F / (Kuv · l).

Lub SI unit ntawm magnetic induction system ua induction teb nyob rau hauv uas tus neeg xyuas pib nrog ib tug tam sim no ntawm 1 A thiab 1 m ntev yog raug ib tug quab yuam tej npe N. 1 unit: 1 Newton / (amper˖metr) (abbreviated mus rau 1 H / (AM)) .

Peb hais tias H 1 / (AM) = 1 (V˖sek) / m²:

1 H / (AM) = 1 (NM) / (A˖m²) = 1 J / (A˖m²) = 1 (V˖A˖sek) / (A˖m²) = 1 (V s) / m².

Unit 1 volt-ob hu ua Weber (Wb). Thiaj li, 1 Wb / m² los yog 1 Tesla (T) - ib chav tsev ntawm magnetic induction. Whereas nyob rau hauv lub system ntawm kev ntsuas emu chav tsev ntawm magnetic induction - gauss (G):

1 T = 10⁴ gauss.

Sib Nqus induction - vector kom muaj nuj nqis. Cov kev taw qhia ntawm cov induction vector ntawm no taw tes yog mus raws li nrog cov kev taw qhia ntawm magnetic quab yuam kab dua los ntawm no taw tes.

Lub SI magnetic flux ceev - magnetic teb quab yuam yam ntxwv, zoo li yuav ua li cas lub electric teb qhia hwj chim cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov hluav taws xob field.

Paub txog induction magnetic teb, nws tseem tau mus xam tus quab yuam nyob rau hauv qhov tam sim no-nqa neeg xyuas pib raws li cov mis:

F = BI l.

Nyob rau hauv ib tug tam sim no-nqa neeg xyuas pib tsis tau tsuas yog nqi txav across nyob rau hauv txawv kev qhia, tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv ib tug tej yam kev taw qhia. Txhua yam ntawm tus nqi muaj feem xyuam rau lub sib nqus dag zog yuam uas yog kis tau mus rau tus neeg xyuas pib. Lub sum ntawm tag nrho cov rog ntawm lub chaotic tsab ntawv tsa suab yog pes tsawg, thiab cov sum ntawm cov rog qhia zog hu ua cov Ampere quab yuam.

Nyob rau hauv dav dav, lub nqi ntawm kev quab yuam uas ua nyob rau tam sim-nqa neeg xyuas pib muab tso rau hauv ib tug sib nqus teb txiav txim los ntawm Ampere cai:

F = BI l kev txhaum α, nyob rau α - lub kaum sab xis ntawm qhov tam sim no cov kev taw qhia (kuv) thiab cov magnetic teb vector (B).

magnetic teb induction yog txaus sib npaug zos rau cov dag zog yuam uas muaj feem xyuam rau lub magnetic teb ib chav tsev tam sim no lub caij muab pov tseg perpendicular mus rau lub vector ntawm induction. Sib Nqus induction raws li nyob rau hauv xov xwm zog.