Lub tuam tsev - ib lub tuam tsev? Keeb kwm thiab lub tam sim no pre-Christian chaw ntawm kev teev tiam

Qhov chaw, uas yuav raug txiav txim nyob rau hauv yuav ua li cas nws yog nqa tawm lub pagan kev cai dab qhuas coj nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws ntawm Russia ua ntej qhov saws me nyuam ntawm cov ntseeg Vajtswv, dim tsis yog li ntawd ntau npaum li cas. Nyob rau hauv kev, zaum paub me ntsis txog lub lwm cov ancient pagan qhov chaw ntawm kev teev ntuj. Heterogeneity ntawm lub Ancient kev ntseeg, nws cov ntsiab ntawm cov kab lis kev cai sib txawv ntawm cov pab pawg neeg uas muaj nyob rau ntawm ib tug muab lub teb chaws ntawm txawv sij hawm, ua rau nws nyuaj heev txoj kev tshawb no. Tsis ntev los no, txawm li cas los, vim rau qhov zuj zus paj nyob rau hauv lub pre-Christian keeb kwm ntawm peb lub teb chaws, zaum twb tau mus tau heev ib tug ntau ntawm cov lus tshiab qhia rau cov kawm.

Tuam tsev nraum zoov

Yuav pib, cia hais ntawd raws li ib tug pagan tuam tsev? Qhov no yog ib yam uas ntawm pre-Christian qhov chaw ntawm kev teev tiam, lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm uas yog tib neeg ncaj kev sib txuas lus nrog lub zoo tshaj plaws gods. Ua tau, qhov kev siv ntawm lub tuam tsev yog ib qhov nyuaj rau hu, vim hais tias nws sawv cev ib lub voj qe los yog lub voj voog nyob rau hauv lub qhib cua, feem ntau demarcated los ntawm ib tug moat. Nyob rau hauv qhov chaw muaj ib tug mlom ntawm lub deity nyob rau hauv uas nws yawm nws yog mus rau kho.

Heev feem ntau hom ntawm ib tug pagan tuam tsev nyob deb ntawm qhov kev koom thiab lub zos. Soj ntsuam ntawm feem ntau nrhiav tau cov iconic qhov chaw hauv lub saum ntawm lub roob, nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm forests, av muaj dej, thiab hais txog. D. Cov kab uas hla ntawm lub vajvoog yuav yog ob peb kaum ntawm meters. Nyob rau hauv qho to hlawv sacrificial hluav taws kub, thiab lawv sawv tau muab tso rau tag nrho cov xaiv ntawm dawb ceev tej khoom (pob zeb, tug). Thaum lub tuam tsev fij tseg rau ob peb gods, yuav tau muab tso rau hauv ib lub voj voog ntawm lawv cov mlom. Ib txhia cov khoom ntawm no hom muaj npe los zaum nyob rau hauv me me mounds, raws li ib puag ncig los ntawm tsawg mounds.

Lub tuam tsev nyob rau hauv lub tuam tsev

Rituals Slavic ua thiab tej tuam tsev no (lo lus "rau sawv daws"). Nyob rau hauv txhua xws tsim kho ntawm lub tuam tsev muaj. Qhov no title yog ntawm lub tuam tsev, uas yog nyob rau hauv qab lub thaj neeb. Muaj feem ntau yog ntsia mlom. Nyob rau hauv tej rooj plaub, nws hu ua tsis tau hnov nws lub tuam tsev thiab lub tuam tsev nws tus kheej. Feem ntau cov feem ntau, cov vaj tse muaj ib puag ncig zoo. Txawm li cas los, archaeologists muaj sab thiab square lug.

Archaeological pom nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws ntawm ancient Russia

Raws li hais, lub cev pov thawj thiab sau qhov chaw qhia txog yuav ua li cas nws ntsia Slavic qhov chaw ntawm kev teev tiam nplooj siab los xijpeem gods tseem me me heev. Lub nto moo tshaj plaws keeb kwm monuments yog Kiev thiab Perynskoe Slavic tuam tsev. Cov yav tas twb mob siab rau tus Slavic vajtswv Perun tsov rog. Tsim nws nyob rau hauv kev txiav txim ntawm tub huabtais Vladimir nyob rau hauv lub Lwm Haiv Neeg kho kom zoo nyob rau hauv 980 Archaeologists tau cov kev tswj los nws cov thawj tsos. Lub hom phiaj yog ib tug yuav luag txig ncig ncoo nrog ib lub cheeb ntawm 21 'meter'. Nws twb ncig los ntawm ib tug moat meter qhov tob.

Nrog kev hwm rau tej lug raws li lub ancient tuam tsev nyob rau hauv Kiev, muaj zoo tsis muaj archaeological tshawb pom tsis tau ua li cas. Qhov no yog tsis xav tsis thoob. Tom qab tag nrho, lub chaw uas zoo heev nyob rau hauv uas nws yog nyob, rau ntau centuries tau nquag siv. Thiab nws yog tsis zoo li nyob rau hauv lub capital ntawm cov Christian lub xeev yuav khaws ib yam nkaus thiab muaj ntau yam khoom uas muaj feem rau cov laus cult.

Slavic gods

Yog li ntawd, peb pom tawm hais tias lub tuam tsev - nws yog, nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, ib tug pagan tuam tsev, nyob rau hauv lub qhib cua los yog sawv cev rau kev cai dab qhuas cov vaj tse. Raws li rau tus kwv uas pe hawm ntawm cov neeg uas tuaj koom tau cov dawb ceev tej chaw nyob rau hauv ancient lub sij hawm - Slavic gods, koj paub txog lawv ib tug me ntsis ntau. Thaum lub sij hawm kho kom zoo nqa tub huabtais Vladimir, pantheon ntsiab gods muaj Dazhdbog, nees, Stribog, thiab Makosh Semargl taws Perun. Lawv cov mlom sawv tom ntej no mus rau lub princely mansions rau hauv lub toj Kiev. Eastern Slavs tshwj xeeb tshaj yog Revered thiab lwm tus vajtswv - Veles. Nyob rau hauv "taleas ntawm bygone Xyoo" nyob rau hauv Ntxiv rau cov thiab lwm yam deities hais - Lada, Kupala, Kolyada, Pozvizd.

Slavic mlom

Slavic mlom sawv cev anthropomorphic (humanlike) daim ntoo txog 2-2.5 m siab. Thaum lub paus ntawm xws li ib tug ncej yuav tsum yog round los yog quadrangular. Nyob rau hauv nws sab tes xis tus vaj tswv yuav tuav ib rab ntaj, ib lub nplhaib los yog ib tug kub. Tej zaum nws ob txhais tes hla rau nws lub hauv siab deity. Nyob rau hauv no feem ntau yog nyob sab xis saum toj no sab laug. Ib txhia Vaj Keeb Kwm hais txog cov neeg hav zoov ntawm cov mlom ua los ntawm lwm yam ntaub ntawv - tooj liab, marble, kub los yog nyiaj. Lawv twb pom los ntawm archaeologists thiab pob zeb saum cov pe hawm Vajtswv.

tej yam ntuj tso sanctuary

Lub system ntawm pagan rituals yog raws li feem nyob rau hauv kev xaiv ntawm kev lus los sib txuas lus nrog cov rog ntawm xwm. Nyob rau hauv txhua phenomenon tshwm sim nyob rau hauv ib tug lub sij hawm ntawm lub xyoo, lub pagans pom dawb ceev yuav ntawm ib tug siab dua fais fab. Yog li ntawd, ntawm cov Slavs heev zoo tsim system ntawm kev teev hawm cov tsoom dawb ceev tej chaw - nyuaj, tsev so ntoo, pob zeb, springs, pas dej, marshes, etc ...

Yog li, lub tuam tsev - ib qhov chaw nyob rau hauv uas lub practiced rituals nplooj siab mus rau pagan gods. Cov ancient lug, yuav luag tuaj tsis tau rau peb hnub, los ua tus tsab ntawm niaj hnub lub koom txoos. Nyob rau hauv kev, ib txhia soj ntsuam hypothesize tias cov ntau-domed Orthodox churches, raws li zoo raws li ib tug architectural caij xws li ib tug Octagon, muaj ancient pagan cov hauv paus hniav.