Yuav ua li cas yog lub circus? Circus arts. circus ntxias

Txhua tus me nyuam paub dab tsi ib tug circus - yog tis, kev lom zem, clown, txawj ntse tsiaj, jugglers thiab acrobats agile. Tab sis tsis yog leej twg ntawm cov neeg laus yuav piav dab tsi yog cov yam ntxwv ntawm ib tug circus raws li ib tug kos duab rau daim ntawv. Tom qab tag nrho, peb feem ntau tam sim no raws li ib tug fascinating spectacle, qhia tau tias. Ua tau, circus ntxias ib tug lub neej lug tau sai dlua xwb tsis txawj, tab sis kuj cov kos duab - lub peev xwm los qhia tig tau thiab ua aesthetic sensibilities ntawm cov neeg tuaj saib.

Cov tsos ntawm cov circus

Lub npe "Circus" los ntawm lub Roman oval chaw nyob rau hauv uas muaj ntau ntau yam pej xeem festivals, kev sib tw, qhia txog lub yeeb yam. Nyob rau hauv cov hnub, cov neeg Loos hlub mus saib cov neeg sib tw nyob rau hauv lub dag lub zog, agility, thiab ntau yam kev txawj ntse. Thiab muaj ib tug tshwj xeeb zoo ntawm spectacle, uas hnub no yog hu ua cov circus. Tab sis raws li peb paub thiab hlub, nws tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub 18th caug xyoo. tshwj xeeb puag ncig lub tsev mus tso saib kos duab thiab acrobatic ua kom yuam kev caij tau ua nyob rau hauv Paris. Tom qab ntawd, lub Italians khaws lub tswv yim no thiab ntxiv rau qhov kev pab cuam kev nthuav qhia cov chav nrog cov tsiaj thiab mimes. Yuav ua li cas yog ib tug circus nyob rau hauv Russia yuav paub nyob rau hauv lub kawg ntawm lub 18th caug xyoo. Nyob rau hauv 1764, nyob rau hauv Moscow nyob ncig saib nws mus xyuas lub English rider, thiab qhov no qhia tau tias yog tus pib ntawm cov lus qhib ntawm ob peb nyob ruaj ruaj circuses. Los ntawm nruab nrab-xyoo pua puv 19 nyob rau hauv ntau Lavxias teb sab lub zos tau ua xws platforms. Maj mam txhab lub Scope ntawm tus yeeb yam, tsim cov tsoos kev pab cuam thiab hloov zuj zuj circus profession. Niaj hnub nimno circus - yog ib tug complex synthesis ntawm tsom iav kev lag luam, kos duab, thiab technology tswj.

Circus li ib daim duab daim ntawv

Lub hauv paus pib ntawm lub circus soj ntsuam pom nyob rau hauv ancient kev sib tw nyob rau hauv lub dag lub zog thiab agility. Nws twb tsim raws li ib txoj kev uas qhia tshwj xeeb kev txawj ntse, uas feem ntau tsis muaj ib tug ua daim ntawv thov. Kws txawj piav txog cov circus raws li ib tug kos duab, ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov them xim rau cov tsis muaj muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm qhov nyuab nyob rau hauv kev txiav txim. Lawv tsis lwv, yeej prizes, namely cia koj mus saib tau ntawm neeg txoj kev kawm thiab nyob rau tib lub aesthetically pleasing. Lub ntsiab qhia txhais tau tias ntawm circus duab - tus ua kom yuam, nws yog tsim los rau yog evoke tig los ntawm cov neeg tuaj saib tis, surprise, kev ntshai, elation. Tag nrho cov no circus muaj nyob rau hauv ntau nrog lwm yam ua yeeb yam: ua yeeb yam, xinesmas. Nyob rau hauv lub arena ntawm tus txiv neej qhia tau hais tias lub peev xwm ntawm cov xwm mus rau lub metamorphosis, tsuas yog tus kwv uas cov transformations tsis ua los ntawm cov pob zeb, av nplaum los yog xim, tab sis tus txiv neej nws tus kheej. Nws ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv cov kev cai ntawm eccentrics, qhia lub siab tshaj plaws tib neeg tej zaum. Cov yooj yim aesthetic pawg circus kawm Askiv yog: reprise, ua kom yuam kev xov tooj, cov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ua hauj lwm, eccentricity.

circus ntaus ntawv

Rau tshwj xeeb kos duab yuav tsum ib tug tshwj xeeb qhov chaw. Lub circus tsis yog cia li tsim tau ib tug yeej zoo lawm, thiab ib tug complex qauv uas muaj ntau lub sij hawm. Circus arena - lub plawv ntawm lub site. Feeb ntau, nws yog ib puag ncig zoo, hais txog 13 meters nyob rau hauv txoj kab uas hla. Los ntawm cov amphitheatre nce chaw viewers. Niaj hnub nimno, nyob ruaj ruaj circuses feem ntau muaj ob peb arenas rau ntau yam ntawm views: nees, illusion, lub teeb, dej khov thiab dej. Tab sis lub arena - nws yog tsuas yog tus pom ib feem ntawm lub circus. Qab lub scenes, yog ib tug txheej ntawm thaj chaw: hnav khaub ncaws chav, rehearsal chav, qhov chaw rau kom cov tsiaj, costume. kev pab kuj ua si ib tug loj luag hauj lwm nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho ntawm lub ua yeeb yam: teeb, mounting kho vajtse, decorations, yuav kub hnyiab tau - tag nrho cov no yog qhov tseeb hais tias tus tuav pom ib tug txawv txawv thiab txoj kev ua tau zoo.

circus profession

Hnov lo lus nug "Yuav ua li cas yog ib tug circus," peb nco ntsoov cov neeg uas sib txawv professions. Txhua yam ntawm lawv yuav tsum tau tshwj xeeb cov kev txawj ntawm cov artist thiab yog ib tug tshwj xeeb daim duab, nrog nws tus kheej cov kev cai, cov secrets thiab sawv. Lub classical circus kev pab cuam xws li kev qhia los ntawm ntau yam lam, lawv yuav tsum tau txwv kom muab zais raws li lub ntsiab qhia txhais tau tias thiab cov ntaub ntawv. Yog li ntawd, muaj cov neeg uas ua hauj lwm nrog cov tsiaj - nws yog trainers, nrog rau cov tib neeg lub cev - jugglers, tightrope walkers, gymnasts, tightrope walkers. Muaj kuj yog ib tug tshwj xeeb txoj hauj lwm, nyob rau ntawm cov kev tshuam ntawm craftsmanship thiab technology - yog illusionists. Ib tug ntau theem nyob rau hauv lub hierarchy tuav kev circus clowns uas muab sawv ua si, tsis tham lus, clowning. Tab sis circus ntxias yuav tsis ua hauj lwm tsis muaj cov kev ua yeeb yam attendants, uas noj nyob rau hauv kev ntawm ntau yam kev pab thiab pab.

jugglers

Raws li yog tseeb los ntawm lub npe ntawm tus hauj lwm, jugglers xub tshwm sim nyob rau hauv Fabkis. Lo lus txhais tau tias cia "poteshnik". Chiv, cov neeg ntawm lub profession hu nkauj, seev cev nyob rau hauv lub lag luam chaw thiab fairs. Tab sis raws li ib qho kev ua Juggling nyob rau hauv ancient Egypt. Dexterous manipulation ntawm muaj ntau yam khoom fascinated neeg saib, ua surprise thiab delight. Niaj hnub no, tsis tshua muaj circus tsis muaj cov lam, lawv ua yeeb yam tau ua ib yam tseem ceeb ntawm circus arts. Nyob rau hauv nws chav jugglers ras cov neeg tuaj saib los ntuav li nyob rau hauv cov huab cua ib tug ntau ntawm ntau yam kev kawm, raws li tau zoo raws li cov kev siv equilibristics, comic thiab acrobatic ntsiab los cov nyom tus ua kom yuam. Juggling yog ib khub thiab solo, ntxias tsis tsuas muab pov thiab catch khoom, lawv yuav ib txhij tig lawv rhythmically lwm, ntuav tus khub. Juggling atherosclerosis ua rau cov neeg tuaj saib tsis nrhiav ua raws li cov soaring khoom thiab actor agility muab lawv ib tug kev xav ntawm elation.

equilibrists

Lwm artist, yam uas yog yog tsis yooj yim sua xav txog tej yam ib tug circus, ib tug juggler. Qhov no ib hom ntawv nyeem ntawm circus kos duab yog ua nyob rau hauv tib neeg muaj peev xwm kom qhov nqi koj tshuav nyob rau hauv ib tug tsis ruaj tsis khov nto. Feeb ntau, tightrope walkers tau ntau yam movements ntawm lub ropes, khoom, thooj voos kheej kheej. Feem ntau cov actor combines cov muaj peev xwm kom qhov nqi koj tshuav nrog acrobatic, comic ua thiab Juggling. Txawm nyob rau hauv ancient Tuam Tshoj twb nrov heev sawv cev ntawm txoj hlua. Nyob rau hauv ntau haiv neeg ntawm lub ntiaj teb no cov tib neeg muaj feem ntau kev lom zem ua yeeb yam los ntawm tightrope walkers. Muaj ib co variants ntawm ib hom ntawv nyeem, raws li cov ua yeeb yam nyob rau hauv lub pob, nyob rau ib hlau rau Spools, nyob rau hauv stairs, nyob rau hauv trapeze (matte-ntaiv), ib tug unicycle.

illusionists

Magicians thiab illusionists - cov neeg sawv cev ntawm lub profession, tau yeeb koob circus. Lub hauv paus ntawm ib hom ntawv nyeem yog ib tug sleight ntawm txhais tes. Lub ntxias, uas twb tau mus ua tej yam yees siv manipulation ntawm ntau yam khoom xws li cov ntawv teev lus twb yuav tsum tau koom nyob rau hauv medieval fairs. Niaj hnub nimno illusionists, tsuas yog cov muaj peev xwm ua amazing taw nrog nws ob txhais tes, siv ntau yam kev tricks yuav mislead cov neeg tuaj saib. Ntawm cov jugglers yog cov tiag tiag celebrities npe uas raug rau nws los ntawm tiam mus rau tiam. Cov no muaj xws illusionists Garri Gudini, Alessandro Cagliostro, tsev neeg Kio, PAS Geller, David Copperfield.

clownery

Hais kom tus me nyuam yog dab tsi ib tug circus, thiab tau txais ib lo lus teb: nws yog ib lub clowns. Craftsmen ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv no luag hauj lwm, tau los ua ib tug tiag tiag cim ntawm lub circus, tsis muaj sawv cev tsis yooj yim sua. Pib ua hauj lwm raug tso rau ntawm lub koom haum ntawm buffoonery, raws li jesters ntawm lub tsev hais plaub muaj tag nrho cov monarchs. Lawv ua hauj lwm tsis yog kev lom zem, tab sis kuj thuam tau tus vices, lub jester, clown, yuav qhia qhov tseeb rau leej twg. clown kos duab yog feem ntau tsis ua rau kev lom zem, thiab irony, thiab grotesque buffoonery. Exaggerated style ntawm kev ua si mus rov qab mus rau tus sawv ntawm lub rooj muag zaub presentations ntawm fairs. Clown yuav tsum tsis txhob tsuas nyob luag ntxhi tab sis kuj yuav thuam, tab sis nws ua tau zoo yuav tsum tsis txhob ua siab phem los yog thuam. Clowns feem ntau tshwm nyob rau hauv officers, qhov twg lub luag hauj lwm yog kom meej meej tseg. Nyob rau hauv lub Italian yeeb yam ntawm cov cwj pwm tau muab tso rau Pierrot thiab Harlequin, nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab kev lig kev cai, qhov no Auburn (trickster thiab ib tug cheat) thiab dawb (ib qho tseem ceeb prim gentleman) clowns. Nruab nrab ntawm lawv lossi muaj kev tsis sib haum, uas yog funny scenes, uas yog lawm ua tus sau los ntawm ib tug mas nyob rau hauv qhov kev nthuav qhia. Lub circus ntiaj teb no yog hais tias clowns - yog ib tug artistic cov neeg tseem ceeb. Feem ntau lawv nyob rau hauv lawv ua yeeb yam xws li cov ntsiab ntawm cov Juggling, acrobatics, taming, ua txuj muab. Co muaj tiag tiag, qhov loj tshaj lam. Lub nto moo tshaj plaws clowns yog MN Rumyantsev (mem hluav), Vladimir Polunin, Yuri Nikulin thiab M. Shuydin, ua hauj lwm ua ke, Yengibarov L., M. Marceau, O. Popov. Tej circus qhia yuav txuag lub clown uas tshwm rau hauv lub scene thaum twg muaj ib tug mas nyob rau hauv qhov kev pab cuam.

trainers

Nws yog tsis yooj yim sua rau circus tsis muaj cov tsiaj thiab cov tsiaj trainers. Niaj hnub no, tag nrho cov thoob lub ntiaj teb ib tug yoj ntawm tawm tsam tiv thaiv no zoo ntawm cov kos duab, vim hais tias nws yog ntseeg hais tias cov trainers torturing cov tsiaj. Tab sis qhov no tsis yog cov ntaub. Nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, cov kos duab yog cov muaj peev xwm tsim kom muaj kev sib cuag nrog tus tsiaj, qhov no yog psychology, ua siab loj, uas muaj feem yuav. Ib tug muaj tseeb kev yeej yuav tsis tsim txom lawv cov nqi. Yog li ntawd taming thiab belongs rau lub ib hom ntawv nyeem ntawm circus arts. Feeb ntau, cov dev yuav tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub arena, nees, loj Carnivores, ntxhw, noog, marine tsiaj. Lub nto moo tshaj plaws trainers yuav tsum tau hu ua Durovs dynasty Zapashny, Bagdasarov, thiab M. Nazarov thiab I. Bugrimova.