Lub sab hauv ib puag ncig ntawm ib tug kab mob thiab cov nqi

Cov kab lus "milieu intérieur" nyob ua tsaug rau lub Fabkis physiologist Claude Bernard, uas nyob rau hauv lub XIX caug xyoo. Nyob rau hauv nws tej hauj lwm, nws muab tso rau haum rau lub fact tias ib tug prerequisite rau lub cev lub neej yog kom muaj lub constancy ntawm lub sab hauv ib puag ncig. Qhov no kev ua lub hauv paus rau lub hom phiaj ntawm homeostasis, uas twb formulated tom qab ntawd (nyob rau hauv 1929), paub txog Walter Cannon.

Homeostasis - txheeb ze dynamic constancy ntawm lub sab hauv ib puag ncig, raws li zoo li ib co zoo li qub physiological zog. Milieu intérieur tsim ob kua - intracellular thiab extracellular. Qhov tseeb yog hais tias txhua txhua cell ntawm ib tug nyob kab mob muaj ib txog kev ua, yog li nws xav tau ib tug qhov mov ntawm cov as-ham thiab oxygen. Nws kuj pom tau tias qhov yuav tsum tau rau qhov kev tshem tawm ntawm metabolic khoom. Tsim nyog Cheebtsam yuav kis tau los ntawm daim nyias nyias xwb nyob rau hauv lub neej lub xeev, uas yog vim li cas txhua txhua cell cov ntaub so ntswg kua kom, uas sib txuas ntxiv ntawm txhua yam tsim nyog rau nws cov hauj lwm. Nws koom mus rau ib tug thiaj li hu ua extracellular kua, thiab nws tso nyiaj rau 20 feem pua ntawm lub cev hnyav.

Lub sab hauv ib puag ncig ntawm ib tug kab mob, muaj raws ntawm cov extracellular kua, muaj:

• cov qog (ib feem ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg kua) - 2 l;
• Ntshav - 3 l;
• interstitial kua - 10 l;
• transcellular kua - txog 1 L (nws yog tsim los ntawm hlwb txha nqaj qaum, pleural, synovial, ocular kua).

Lawv tag nrho cov muaj ib tug txawv pes tsawg leeg thiab sib txawv nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm functionality zog. Ntxiv mus, lub sab hauv ib cheeb tsam ntawm tus tib neeg lub cev tej zaum yuav muaj ib tug me me qhov sib txawv ntawm cov nqi ndlwg ntawm tshuaj thiab lawv tau txais daim ntawv. Vim hais tias ntawm no concentration yog lossi fluctuating. Piv txwv li, tus nqi ntawm cov qab zib nyob rau hauv cov ntshav ntawm ib tug neeg laus tej zaum yuav yog los ntawm 0.8 mus 1.2 g / l. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv uas, yog tias cov ntshav muaj ntau dua los yog tsawg dua ntawm tej yam khoom xyaw tshaj li tsim nyog, nws qhia tias muaj cov kab mob.

Raws li twb tau sau tseg, milieu intérieur raws li ib tug ntawm lub Cheebtsam muaj ntshav. Nws muaj ntshav, dej, protein, rog, qabzib, urea thiab mineral ntsev. Nws lub ntsiab yog nyob cov hlab ntsha (cov hlab ntsha, cov leeg, cov hlab ntsha). Nws yog tsim los ntawm lub haum ntawm cov ntshav cov nqaijrog, carbohydrates, cov rog, cov dej. Nws lub ntsiab muaj nuj nqi yog ib lub kev sib raug zoo nrog cov ib puag ncig cov tub ceev xwm, tus me nyuam mus rau lub nruab nrog cev tsim nyog tshuaj, tshem tawm ntawm cov khoom los ntawm lub cev lwj. nws kuj muaj ib tug tiv thaiv kev ua thiab humoral.

Cov ntaub so ntswg kua muaj dej thiab yaj nyob rau ntawd as-ham, CO _2, O _2, raws li zoo raws li cov khoom ntawm dissimilation. Nws yog nyob rau hauv tej qhov chaw ntawm lub hlwb thiab cov ntaub so ntswg yog tsim nyob rau cov nuj nqis ntawm cov ntshav ntshav. Cov ntaub so ntswg kua yog intermediate ntawm cov ntshav thiab cov hlwb. Nws suffers los ntawm cov ntshav mus rau hauv lub hlwb ntawm lub O _2, mineral ntsev, cov as-ham.

Lymph muaj dej thiab yaj nyob rau ntawd organic tshuaj. Nws yog nyob rau hauv lub lymphatic system uas muaj cov qog cov hlab ntsha, cov hlab ntsha, fused rau ob ducts thiab ntws mus rau hauv lub vena cava. Nws yog tsim vim cov ntaub so ntswg kua nyob rau hauv hnab, uas yog rau hauv lub xaus ntawm cov qog cov hlab ntsha. Lub ntsiab muaj nuj nqi no rov qab mus rau hauv lub qog cov ntaub so ntswg kua nyob rau hauv cov hlab ntsha. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, nws ntxaij lim dej thiab disinfects cov ntaub so ntswg kua.

Raws li peb tau pom, milieu intérieur yog ib tug ua ke ntawm muaj sia, lub cev thiab tshuaj, ntsig txog, thiab kev tshuaj ntsuam genetic tej yam kev mob uas cuam tshuam rau cov nqi ntawm ib tug nyob ua.