Loj heev Russia: nruab nrab band thiab cov tsiaj uas nyob rau nws

Nplua nuj nyob hauv nws expanses ntawm Russia! Qhov nruab nrab band ntawm peb lub teb chaws - qhov no yog tiag tiag ib tug tshwj xeeb cheeb tsam, tag nrho ntawm ntau yam ntawm coniferous thiab deciduous hav zoov, ntshiab ntws thiab siv lead ua cov pas dej, untouched los ntawm kev vam meej. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, lub zos me me kev nyab xeeb tsim meej tej yam kev mob rau cov vaj tse uas heev heev cov tsiaj thiab tshwj xeeb, raws li tau zoo raws li rau qhov kev loj hlob ntawm tej nroj tsuag no.

Yuav ua li cas yog lub hauv paus yog ib feem ntawm Russia?

Central Russia hu ua ib ncig ntawm lub European ib feem ntawm lub teb chaws, yus muaj los ntawm ib tug kub tsis txias continental kev nyab xeeb. Lwm lub npe rau nws - central Lavxias teb sab cheeb tsam. Qhov ntawd yog yuav ua li cas nws twb hu ua nyob rau hauv lub hnub ntawm lub Soviet Union. Xwm ntawm central Russia yog ntau haiv neeg thiab xav tsis thoob. Ib txhia tsiaj txhu thiab nroj tsuag uas nyob hauv lub European lub teb chaws, yuav luag tsis muaj lawm nyob rau hauv tej thaj chaw deb cheeb tsam ntawm peb lub teb chaws.

Yuav ua li cas yog kev nyab xeeb dominates lub hauv paus yog ib feem ntawm Russia?

Cov nyob sab Europe ib ncig ntawm lub Lavxias teb sab Federation yog ib tug kub tsis txias continental kev nyab xeeb. Noog ntawm nruab nrab band Russia thiab lwm yam tsiaj xav tias zoo nyob heev no. Thiab qhov no yog tsis muaj kev huam yuaj, vim hais tias lub caij ntuj no ntawm no - daus, tab sis muaj mob pesnrab frosty, thiab summers - sov, tab sis heev ntub. Piv txwv li, raws li Hydrometcentre Russia, lub caij ntuj no kub yog nruab nrab qhov tseem ceeb ntawm - 8 degrees Celsius rau lub southwest (Bryansk cheeb tsam) down rau - 12 nyob rau hauv lub northeast (Yaroslavl cheeb tsam). Lub caij ntuj sov kub tej zaum yuav tau hais yog los ntawm + 22 degrees Celsius (northwest, Tverskaya cheeb tsam) rau +28 (qab teb, Lipetsk cheeb tsam).

geography

Dab tsi yog rau ib thaj tsam ntawm no cheeb tsam? Yuav ua li cas ntau Russia? Qhov nruab nrab band ntawm peb loj heev lub teb chaws pib los ntawm lub ciam teb nrog Belarus (nyob rau hauv lub sab hnub poob) thiab ncua mus txog rau lub Volga cheeb tsam (nyob rau hauv lub sab hnub tuaj), thiab los ntawm cov Arkhangelsk cheeb tsam thiab Karelia nyob rau hauv sab qaum teb coj cov neeg Dub av (tej thaum mus rau lub Caucasus) - nyob rau hauv sab qab teb. Nws yog ib nqi sau cia hais tias nyob rau hauv lub qaum teb ntawm lub European lub teb chaws yog bordered los ntawm ib tug sawb ntawm taiga. Qhov no ciam lus dag nyob rau hauv Yaroslavl, Pskov, Kostroma thiab Kirov cheeb tsam. Nyob rau hauv sab qab teb ntawm nruab nrab stripe yog bordered los ntawm cov hav zoov-steppe nyob rau hauv lub Kursk, Voronezh, Lipetsk, Orel, Penza thiab Tambov cheeb tsam. Feem ntau, cov mixed Lavxias teb sab hav zoov yog faib nyob rau hauv lub thiaj li hu ua sub-taiga tsam.

Tus nplua nuj nyob sab Europe Russia?

Qhov nruab nrab band ntawm peb lub teb chaws, ntawm chav kawm, nplua nuj nyob rau hauv nws cov cim muaj. Raws li hais saum toj no, cov chaw yog yus muaj los ntawm mixed thiab deciduous hav zoov nrog ib tug ntau yam ntawm cov tsiaj thiab cog lub neej. Cov yav tas yog tuaj ntawm no ntau yam tsiaj ntawm cov ntoo:

• txiv qaub;
• birch;
• ntoo qhib;
• ntshiab;
• maple;
• Alder;
• elm.

Nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws nyob los ntawm cov mixed forests, mus rau saum toj-hais hom ntawm deciduous ntoo yog ntxiv thiab conifers: ntoo thuv, fir, spruce, larch - ntoo, tsis muaj uas Russia - qhov no yog tsis Russia. Qhov nruab nrab sawb ntawm Russia yog nto moo rau tus muaj ntau haiv neeg ntawm meadows. Lub ntsiab cov neeg sawv cev ntawm lub tiaj nyom grasses yog:

• fescue;
• foxtail;
• clover;
• bent;
• Timautes;
• sedge;
• vetch.

Cov tsiaj Central Russia

Local qhov chaw - ib tug tiag tiag nrhiav tau rau zoologists thiab naturalists nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov cheeb tsam ntawm kev peb lub neej! Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias nyob ntawm no nyob txog 50% ntawm lub hom ntau haiv neeg ntawm fauna. Muaj ntau ntawm cov tsiaj uas nyob hauv lub European ncig ntawm Russia, twb tau ciaj sia thiab hloov nyob rau hauv tej cheeb tsam xwb vim hais tias ntawm nws cov me kev nyab xeeb. Ib tug ntau ntawm cov neeg los yog lwm yam steppe thiab Woodland muab ib tug nyob ntsiag to haven rau tej hoofed cov tsiaj raws li:

• nyuj qus;
• elk;
• mos lwj;
• yaj;
• qus boars;
• European noble mos lwj;
• lwj uas.

Tab sis cov tsiaj ntawm central Russia tsis ceev nws cov tswv cuab ungulates. Thiab lwj uas mos lwj, thiab cov tsiaj qus npua teb thiab mos lwj, nyob rau hauv lem, ua nej zaub noj loj txhom - lub xim av dais, mab dev, hma, wolverines thiab martens. Ntawm no nyob rau hauv loj tus xov tooj nyob me me tsiaj (shrews, moles), uas yog ib tug khoom noj khoom haus, piv txwv li, cov hma liab thiab lwm cov noog of prey. Zaum nco ntsoov tias cov European lub teb chaws ntawm peb lub teb chaws occupies qhov loj tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab pejxeem ntawm xim av hares, hedgehogs zoo tib yam protein, voles, thiab hais txog. D.

Pas dej nyob hauv Npanpiloo los ntawm ntses xws li pike, kab laum, sturgeon, carp, ide. European ib ncig ntawm peb lub teb chaws muaj ntau tshaj li 170 hom noog, raws li cov keeb kwm tej vaj tse ntawm feem ntau ntawm lawv. Nyob rau hauv loj qhov ntau yuav nyob ntawm no bullfinches, grouse, woodpeckers, thrushes. Ntawm no yog cov feem ntau cov noog ntawm Central Russia:

• crows;
• grouse;
• nqos;
• sparrow;
• nightingale;
• corncrake;
• gray heron;
• ib tug xibhwb;
• bustard;
• lapwing;
• grebe;
• os;
• Siberian crane;
• eared plas;
• steppe dav dawb hau;
• buzzard.

Txawm tias muaj tseeb hais tias ntau tshaj li 40 hom ntawm cov noog no yog yos hav zoov thiab nuv ntses, thiab muaj ntau yam ntawm lawv yog mined xyoos ib zaug, nws tej pejxeem yog nrees khaws cia vim lub tsis tuaj kawm ntawv ntawm txhob txwm ua los rau qhov los ntawm cov neeg.