Kws ntawv Avdeenko Aleksandr Ostapovich: biography, creativity

Niaj hnub no peb mam li qhia koj uas yog Alexander Avdeenko. Nws biography yuav tau los sib tham nyob rau hauv kom meej hauv qab no. Peb yuav tau tham txog lub Soviet thiab Lavxias teb sab novelist, essayist, playwright thiab screenwriter.

biography

Alexander Avdeenko - txawj sau ntawv uas tau yug los nyob rau hauv 1908 nyob rau hauv lub zos. Tam sim no nws yog lub Ukrainian nroog ntawm Makiyivka, Donetsk cheeb tsam. Nws los ntawm ib tsev neeg ntawm ua hauj lwm-miner. Raws li ib tug me nyuam, lub neej yav tom ntej sau ntawv yog ib tug waif. Tom qab ntawd nws ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub mines nyob rau hauv lub Donbass. Makeyevka ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub Hoobkas rau hauv lub npe "Union". Tom qab ntawd kuv tau mus rau Magnitogorsk. Muaj nws ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho ntawm lub MMK I. V. Stalina. Nws kuj tau txais kev pab raws li ib qho kev pab tsav tsheb ntawm lub cav. Nws los ua ib tug tswv cuab ntawm cov zajlus pab pawg neeg hu ua "Tug".

Nyob rau hauv 1933 nws ua nws debut nyob rau hauv lub zoo cov ntaub ntawv. Nws yog nyob rau hauv Gorky lub anthology hu ua "Lub xyoo XVI». Muaj tshiab tawm, "Kuv hlub." Tom qab ntawd, nws mus rau hauv "Soviet ntaub ntawv" thiab "Profizdat". Nws coj ib feem nyob rau hauv lub dawm Writers Group ntawm BBK I. V. Stalina. Nyob rau hauv 1934, nws tshwm sim raws li ib tug delegate kuv Tag nrho cov-Union Congress of Writers. Muaj nws coj ib feem ntawm lub USSR Writers 'Union. Thaum lub sij hawm nws hais lus nyob rau hauv lub congress hais tias Gorky nyuab siab qhov chaw ua hauj lwm ntawm peb hero, "Kuv hlub."

Cov tom ntej no tseem ceeb xyoo nyob rau hauv lub biography ntawm ib tug txawj sau ntawv - 1935. Tom qab ntawd nws tauj ib tug hais lus nyob rau VII Congress ntawm soviets. Cov ntsiab lus yog: "Yuav ua li cas kuv npuaj teg Comrade Stalin." Tom qab ntawd nws taw tes qhia tawm hais tias tus kws yog, yog li xav kom los ua ib tug tiag tiag nco cov khoom.

Peb hero nyob rau hauv Moscow. Yog ib tug menyuam kawm ntawv nyob rau hauv lub Literary lub koom haum. "Pravda" cov ntawv xov xwm nws ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub editorial chaw ua hauj lwm. Tus tshiab tshiab hu ua "Capital" twb thuam Gorky. Nyob rau hauv 1936, nyob rau lub suggestion ntawm S. Ordzhonikidze kuv mus Donbass. Kuv nyob rau hauv Makeyevka. Ua hauj lwm rau ib tug tshiab tshiab txog qhov yooj hu ua "Lub xeev yog kuv." Cov phau ntawv yog ua kom tiav nyob rau hauv 1938, tab sis yeej tsis tau luam tawm.

Peb hero raug xaiv mus rau lub All-Ukrainian Congress ntawm soviets. Tom qab ntawd, nws txoj hauj lwm hloov. Nws los ua ib tug tswv cuab ntawm Makeyevka City Council. Nyob rau hauv 1939, raws li ib tug tshwj xeeb correspondent ntawm "Pravda" mus xyuas ib ncig ntawm lub accession ntawm Western Ukraine. Nyob rau hauv 1940, daim duab ntawm lub "txoj cai ntawm lub neej" yog cia nyob rau hauv tsab ntawv ntawm peb cov hero. Qhov no daim kab xev twb raug mus rau ntsoog loj heev thuam, los ntawm cov neeg sab nrauv xovxwm. Yog vim li cas rau ib tug me nyuam kawm ntawv hu ua hais lus phem Soviet cov hluas. Tom qab lub rooj sib tham, lub Central Committee ntawm lub CPSU (b) peb hero tau raug tshem tawm los ntawm lub Writers 'Union thiab lub tog thiab tso los ntawm cov ntawv xov xwm "Pravda". Ntsoog loj heev thuam ntawm tus sau voiced secretaries ntawm lub Central Committee Iosif Stalin thiab Andrei Zhdanov, raws li zoo raws li sau ntawv Alexander Fadeev, Nikolay Pogodin thiab Nikolai Aseev.

Tom qab xam ib zaug rov pib ua hauj lwm rau lub kuv tswj hwm pab. Nyob rau hauv 1941, raws li cov memoirs ntawm lub txawj sau ntawv, nws twb tsis coj mus rau pem hauv ntej raws li ib tug volunteer. Nws twb teev nyob rau hauv lub ib feem ntawm cov nom tswv thiab demotion mus rau lub zoo ibyam ntawm peb hero tau noj tam sim ntawd ib tug ob peb lub hlis. Lieutenant tuaj tawm ntawm lub mortar tsev kawm ntawv. Nyob rau hauv cov tub rog nws tsuas yog nyob rau hauv 1942

Raws li tus tub ntawm peb hero, nws pib mus rau sau rau ib tug ntau yam ntawm pem hauv ntej-line ntawv xov xwm. Sau ntawv unsuccessfully xa nyob rau hauv lub "Liab Star". Qhov no mus rau kom txog thaum ib daim ( "txhiv dim") David Ortenberg, editor ntawm cov ntawv xov xwm, nws yog ib qhov uas yuav, tsis xa mus rau Stalin. no sau ntawv qhia txog cov qub tub ceev xwm, uas tau ua tiav feat nyob rau hauv ib tug Penal battalion. Hmo ntuj tau txais ib tug hu los ntawm Stalin, nws hais tias, hais tias ua hauj lwm yuav tsum luam tawm, thiab nws sau penance. Yog li ntawd cov kws ntawv rov qab mus rau lub ntiaj teb no ntawm cov ntaub ntawv. Tom qab hais tias nws twb tau mus sau ib tug ntau ntawm cov phau ntawv, tab sis nws yeej tsis tau tshem ntawm cov mob uas coj nws tsis ncaj ncees ua nruj ua tsiv, txawm tias nws ntseeg nyob rau hauv lub tswv yim ntawm socialism. Tsis muaj tsawg tshaj li qhov nws ntseeg thiab Stalin kom txog thaum txog thaum nws los ua lub npe hu tag nrho qhov tseeb txog cov dej num ntawm commander nyob rau hauv Hmoob.

Tub ntawm tus kws txiav ntaqwm hais tias ib zaug, tom qab koj lub plawv nres, nws txiv pib hais lus txog Stalin. Ces nws nug tus txawj sau ntawv mus xav txog koj tus kheej. Uas peb hero teb hais tias nws yuav tsis cia mus ntawm Stalin. Los ntawm 1942 mus 1945, tus sau ntawm cov phau ntawv yog nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej, nws tau nce mus rau hauv cov tub rog correspondent ntawm cov ntawv xov xwm nyob rau hauv lub title "Rau cov Fatherland", uas yog luam tawm nyob rau hauv lub 131 division. Tom ntej no, nws pib ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm "Leej Tub ntawm tus motherland".

creation

Avdeenko Alexander - sau ntawm ntau tshaj li 40 phau ntawv. Peb hero tej hauj lwm muaj tau txhais ua kaum tsib yam lus, xws li Hungarian, Suav thiab lus Askiv. Ib tug ntawm nws nto moo tshaj plaws ua hauj lwm yog tus tshiab "Nyob rau Tisza." Raws li ib tug critic thiab essayist luam tawm nyob rau hauv cov nplooj ntawv ntawm "Pravda" cov ntawv xov xwm thiab "Soviet Culture" thiab "Banner" cov phau ntawv Magazine thiab "Soviet Screen".

novels

Avdeenko Alexander Ostapovich yog tus sau ntawm lub chaw ua hauj lwm "Nyob rau hauv lub hws ntawm lawv lub koos." Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yog cov neeg sau ntawm cov novels: "Kuv hlub", "Qhov no yog koj lub teeb," "Black tswb", "Ua hauj lwm", "Destiny", "Nyob rau hauv lub footsteps ntawm tus invisible", "Danube hmo ntuj."

Phau Ntawv khoom

Nyob rau hauv 1933 Avdeenko Alexander sau ib tug tshiab, "Kuv hlub." Nyob rau hauv 1934 nws sab laug ua hauj lwm "Keeb kwm ntawm qhiav Nicanor". Nyob rau hauv 1936, lub "Hundred Hnub" cov phau ntawv thiab "Destiny" tau luam tawm. Nyob rau hauv 1946 tuaj "Lub Chaw muag mis nyuj ntawm ib tug phooj ywg ntawm kuv." "Ua hauj lwm" yog ib tug tshiab nyob rau hauv 1951. Nyob rau hauv 1954, lub chaw ua hauj lwm "rau ntawm txoj kev Verkhovyna" thiab "Nyob rau Tisza" tau sau. Nyob rau hauv 1955 nws luam tawm tus tshiab "Roob Caij nplooj ntoos hlav". Nyob rau hauv 1957 rau hauv phau ntawv "Lub Carpathian hluav taws." Nyob rau hauv 1960 ua hauj lwm twb luam tawm "txoj kev ntseeg, Cia Siab, Hlub", uas muaj tsab ntawv, dab neeg luv luv thiab novels txog kev tsov rog.

Nyob rau hauv 1970 tuaj cov khoom "Tag nrho cov kev zoo nkauj ntawm tib neeg. Frontline chaw muag mis nyuj. " phau ntawv "Travelling nrog ib tug phooj ywg," tau sau nyob rau hauv 1971. "Pathfinder" documentary tshiab nyob rau hauv 1972. phau ntawv "rendezvous nrog Magnitogorsk" tau luam tawm nyob rau hauv 1975. Nyob rau hauv 1977 lub hauj lwm twb tsim, "Cia li mus rau hauv qhov hluav taws kub nyob rau hauv uas kuv hlawv" thiab "Ciam teb". Nyob rau hauv 1981, muaj ib tug zaj dab neeg rau "ua rau koj lub npe." Los ntawm 1982 mus 1983, nws tau luam tawm ib phau ntawm cov txawj sau ntawv tej hauj lwm nyob rau hauv plaub tagnrho. "Weaning" nyob ib phau ntawv ntawm memoirs nyob rau hauv 1989. Nyob rau hauv 1991, qhov puas ntawm peb heroes raug luam tawm nyob rau hauv lub title "rau txim tsis muaj ib txoj kev txhaum."

lwm yam tej hauj lwm

Avdeenko Alexander tsim tej hauj lwm "txhiv dim", "Nyob rau hauv lub ciam teb rau saum ntuj." Nws yus tus kheej li lub mus ntawm zaj dabneeg luv luv "cov phooj ywg" thiab "ua si." Raws li cov hauj lwm ntawm peb hero movies twb cia, "Kuv hlub", "Txoj cai ntawm lub neej," "Nyob rau Tisza."

honors

Avdeenko Alexander nyob rau hauv 1944 tau muab qhov kev txiav txim ntawm lub Red Star. Nyob rau hauv 1969 nws tau txais lub "paib tiv npe ntawm yawm". Muab ob Orders liab Banner of Labor. Nws tau txais lub puav pheej los ntawm cov ntawv xov xwm "Soviet Culture." Nws twb muab qhov kev txiav txim ntawm lub Patriotic ua tsov ua rog kuv theem. Yog lub yas dhos ntawm cov puav pheej "Rau txim hluav taws xob nyob rau hauv cov kev tiv thaiv ntawm lub xeev ciam teb ntawm lub USSR."