I. I. Levitan. Duab ntawm Lavxias teb sab xwm

I. I. Levitan, uas nws paintings zoo paub los ntawm thaum yau, tsim thaum lub sij hawm nws lub neej ntau tshaj li ib txhiab paintings, kos duab thiab sketches. Tag nrho nws cov khoom plig nws muab rau cov neeg, tawm hauv nws tus kheej tsis muaj dab tsi piv tau rau kev zoo siab ntawm tus creator.

Childhood thiab tiav hluas, yav tom ntej artist

Yav tom ntej singer ntawm Lavxias teb sab xwm yug lub yim hli ntuj 30, 1860 nyob rau hauv ib tug me me lub zos nyob ze lub railway chaw nres tsheb Kybartai, yog nyob rau hauv dab tsi yog tam sim no Lithuania. Leej Txiv ntawm lub neej yav tom ntej artist yog ib tug ntse txiv neej , thiab sim pab lawv cov me nyuam, Isaac thiab nws tus kwv Anpee, kom tau kev txawj ntse. Tus tsim ntawm cov kwv tij tau txais lub tsev nyob rau hauv nws coj noj coj ua. Lub neej nyob deb ntawm cov kev cai cov chaw ntawm lub teb chaws tsis cog lus tej zeem muag, thiab Levitanov tsev neeg tsiv mus rau Moscow. Isaac Ilyich los ntawm ib tug thaum ntxov muaj hnub nyoog twb tsom txuj ci rau duab, thiab, nyob rau hauv kev phem ntawm lub neeg txom nyem, nws muaj kev tswj los mus rau hauv Moscow tsev kawm ntawv ntawm Painting.

txoj kev tshawb no xyoo twb unusually hnyav rau ib tug hluas kawm. Ib tug tom qab lwm, cov niam txiv tau tuag, thiab Isaac nws tus kheej yuav tsum tau saib xyuas ntawm ib daim khob cij. Tab sis muaj ib tug ntau zoo siab. Txuj ci, multiplied los ntawm cov tawv pab nws tam sim ntawd ua ib tug ntawm qhov zoo tshaj plaws cov tub ntxhais kawm ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv. Nws ua hauj lwm coj thawj qhov chaw nyob rau kev sib tw thiab theem ntshaw. Hmoo muab nws ib tug xib hwb zoo heev, V. G. Perova, A. K. Savrasova thiab V. I. Surikova. Cov neeg no tau pab rau account tag nrho cov txuj ci ntawm cov hluas neeg pleev kob. Tab sis tseem ceeb tshaj, lawv coj nws mus rau hauv lub voj voog ntawm tus naas ej haiv neeg Peredvizhnik.

Tus thawj zoo tiag tiag

Nyob rau hauv lub peb hlis ntuj 1877 Moscow greeted tus fifth mobile kos duab exhibition. Leitan thawj tsom nws tej hauj lwm nyob rau hauv ib co chav uas muaj tus paub tias nws masters ntawm tus txhuam. Cov kev vam meej yog npaj txhij txog thiab ua pa nrov. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cim nws painting "Caij nplooj zeeg". Levitan twb muaj kev zoo siab. Nyob rau hauv cov xyoo, lub siab tshaj plaws kev luj xyuas ntawm lub chaw ua hauj lwm ntawm txhua tus artist yog mus yuav nws paintings rau nws nto moo Tretyakov Gallery. Heev sai sai no hauv daim duab Levitan nyob rau hauv nws cov halls.

Tom qab ib pliag, muaj lwm yam tseem ceeb tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub neej Levitan. Ib tug zoo-paub philanthropist thiab founder ntawm cov private opera lub tuam txhab, Savva Morozov, nkag mus rau hauv ib pawg ntawm cov ntxias mus tsim lawv productions. Kuv twb caw thiab I. I. Levitan. Nws paintings twb zoo paub Morozov. Ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub ua yeeb yam tsis tau tsuas yog pab nyob rau hauv txoj kev loj hlob ntawm nws tej txuj ci, tab sis ntxiv dag zog rau cov ntaub ntawv uas. Nws mus rau ib qho chaw twg mus rau lub Volga.

Ib qho chaw twg rau lub Volga thiab txawv teb chaws

Qhov zoo Lavxias teb sab dej twb paub rau nws, tsuas yog nyob rau verses ntawm Nekrasov thiab Repin. Los ntawm ib qho chaw twg Levitan coj ib tug series ntawm paintings. Lug paub sawv daws yuav xws li "Yav tsaus ntuj nyob rau hauv lub Volga", "Golden Ples", thiab ntau lwm tus neeg. Ib zaug ntxiv, nws paintings nyob rau hauv lub Tretyakov Gallery. Qhov no yog tsis yog ib tug kawm tau zoo, nws yog ib tug triumph.

I. I. Levitan, uas nws cov duab yog li ntawd, nrov nyob rau hauv Russia, mus txawv teb chaws. Nyob rau hauv Paris, Berlin thiab Rome, nws tau mus xyuas qhov loj tshaj plaws puas nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no thiab kawm cov laus masters. Ntawm cov hoob kawm, nws yog ib pab, tab sis rau ib ntev lub sij hawm mus nyob deb ntawm lub Russia nws tsis tau. Nyob rau hauv nws cov tsiaj ntawv rau cov phooj ywg artist qhia yuav ua li cas mus rub tau nws lub tsev rau nws cov haiv neeg Lavxias teb sab ua hauj lwm.

Creation ntawm lub painting "Yav tsaus ntuj Neeb"

Tom ntej yog ib tug ntawm nws nto moo tshaj plaws tej hauj lwm. Duab Levitan "Yav tsaus ntuj Neeb" yuav tawm tsis muaj leej twg tsis muaj ab tsi. Nws yog li ntawd paub rau tag nrho cov web yog tag nrho ntawm extraordinary lyricism thiab warmth. Lub tswv yim ntawm cov painting tuaj ntawm Levitan Slabodka nyob ze Zvenigorod. Muaj nws muaj lub sij hawm los soj ntsuam Savvino Storozhevsky monastery ntawm sunset.

Cov artist twb ntaus los ntawm kev zoo nkauj ntawm dab tsi nws pom. Tab sis ua hauj lwm rau ib tug painting nws pib nyob rau hauv Yuryevets, uas yog nyob rau lub shores ntawm lub pas dej Krivozersky monastery. Yog li, daim duab Levitan "Yav tsaus ntuj Neeb" twb inspired los ntawm ob ancient Lavxias teb sab monasteries. Muaj ntau ntawm cov artist txoj hauj lwm, kev soj ntsuam ntseeg tau hais tias xav tias cov paj huam ntawm qub tuam tsev qhia nws Savrasov.

Lub xeem xyoo ntawm tus artist lub neej

Nyob rau hauv 1897 nws tau qhia rau cov pej xeem yog lwm cov ntaub ntawv uas tau ua ib tug masterpiece ntawm Lavxias teb sab toj roob hauv pes painting. Qhov no daim duab Levitan "Caij nplooj ntoos hlav. Big Dej". Kuj txaj muag nyob rau hauv loj, nws yog ib lub enormity ntawm cov ntsiab lus. Caij nplooj ntoos hlav lub rooj txhawb siab ntawm lub neej, lub awakening ntawm tshiab rog thiab kev cia siab yog nws cov ntsiab motifs. I. I. Levitan, uas nws paintings tau nkag mus hauv lub golden nyiaj ntawm lub teb chaws kab lis kev cai, nyob ib lub neej. Nws tuag rau Lub yim hli ntuj 4, 1900, raws li yog hais summing up txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov kos duab ntawm lub 19th caug xyoo.