Hydrolysis ntawm ntsev: nws yog nthuav kom boring.

Muaj coob tus ntseeg lub Science News for KIDS heev boring, uninteresting thiab nyuaj heev science. Tej zaum lawv yog tej txoj cai. Tsuas yog peb lub neej tsis muaj tshuaj yog tsis tau. Nws nyob puag ncig peb qhov txhia chaw. Tshuaj dab tsis tu ncua tshwm sim nyob rau hauv qhov thiab yog siv los ntawm ib tug neeg nyob rau hauv lub neej txhua hnub. Piv txwv li, ib tug loj luag hauj lwm nyob rau hauv peb lub neej plays ntsev hydrolysis uas yog hais txog ib lub ntsev pauv tshuaj nrog dej.

Qhov twg hydrolysis ntawm ntsev nyob rau hauv cov xwm?

1. Cov tshuaj transformation ntawm lub ntiaj teb ua kiav txhab thiab roob dab yuav tsis yooj yim sua yam uas tsis tau xws tshuaj phenomena xws li hydrolysis ntawm ntsev. Lub ntiaj teb ua kiav txhab muaj nyob rau hauv nws cov muaj pes tsawg leeg ib tug lossis loj npaum li cas ntawm sulphides. Cov ntsev muaj tsis zoo soluble nyob rau hauv dej, tab sis, raws li yog lub npe hu, dej thiab sharpening pob zeb. Yog li ntawd interacting nrog, thiab cov dej nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb nto nyob rau hauv nws lub qhov tob ntawm ib tug kom kub, sulfides thaum lub sij hawm lub hydrolysis cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog hloov dua siab tshiab rau hydrogen sulfide, uas yog ib tug loj volcanic roj.

Tsis tas li ntawd sulfides pob zeb muaj silicates - silicic acid ntsev, carbonates thiab - ntsev ntawm carbonic acid. Decomposition silicon ntsev dej tau nyob rau hauv lub tsim los ntawm cov hlau oxides, thiab hydrolysis ntawm txhuas ntsev (txhuas silicates) thaum lub sij hawm tau nyob rau hauv kev puas tsuaj rau lub pob zeb. Yog tej zaum cov feem ntau zoo-paub hydrolysis khoom nrog inorganic tshuaj - yog malachite - ib tug heev zoo nkauj gemstone ntsuab xim.

2. Oceans - qhov no yog tseem qhov chaw nyob qhov twg cov ntsev hydrolysis yog ib tug ntawm lub ntsiab tshuaj nyob rau hauv cov dej. Vim li no cov kev sis raug zoo, ntsev ntawm magnesium carbonate thiab calcium nrog dej mus ua hydrogen carbonates ntawm cov hlau vim lub xub ntiag ntawm hiav txwv dej uas yog me ntsis alkaline medium. Nyob rau hauv xws dej nyob rau hauv marine cov nroj tsuag uas muaj kev siv ntawm photosynthesis, sai thiab zoo loj hlob thiab muab marine tsiaj.

Qhov twg ntsev yog siv nyob rau hauv lub hydrolysis ntawm kev khwv nyiaj txiag thiab lub neej ntawm ib tug neeg?

1. Sau kom tiav hydrolysis ntawm ammonium ntsev, xws li ammonium hydrogen carbonate thiab tau nyob rau hauv lub tsim ntawm ammonia thiab carbonic acid, uas ces decomposes rau hauv cov pa roj carbon dioxide thiab dej. Qhov no yog vim tsim los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv cov roj yuav siv tau nyob rau hauv cov zaub mov thiab confectionery industries impart lightness thiab ntxuav khob noom cookie.
2. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm hydrolysis ntawm txhuas ntsev yog siv rau cov dej purification. Nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, txhuas ntsev - yog av nplaum, dua los ntawm kev uas cov dej yog kev dawb huv los ntawm qhov tseeb hais tias cov av thiab teeb meem impurities enveloped insoluble hydrolysis khoom ntawm txhuas hydroxide thiab khom rau hauv qab. Rau dej purification thiab hydrolysis cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm carbonate los yog sodium phosphate.
3. Hydrolysis ntawm ntsev nyob rau hauv ib tug muaj scale yog siv rau tsis yog-zaub mov cov ntaub ntawv ntawm ib tug xov tooj uas pab tau tshuaj xws li cov poov xab protein, cov nab kuab qhuav, ethyl cawv, qabzib, thiab lwm yam
4. Txiv neej ntsib lub hydrolysis phenomenon lossi - thaum lub sij hawm cov khaub ncaws ntxuav, ntxuav li, thaum ntxuav tais diav. Txawm dab tsis pub dhau, piv txwv li, muaj roj plab zom mov, hydrolysis nyaij los ntawm ib tug mechanism.

Tab sis hydrolysis phenomenon yuav tsis tsuas pab tau tus neeg tab sis kuj raug mob. Piv txwv li, nws coj ib tug ntau ntawm teeb meem cov roj kev lag luam. Sawv daws yeej paub hais tias cov roj muaj ib tug xov tooj ntawm ntau yam ntsev thiab dej. Thaum lub sij hawm ua roj av thiab nws cov cua kub saum toj no 250 degrees tshwm sim hydrolysis cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm magnesium chloride thiab calcium los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nrog chav. Qhov no ua hydrogen chloride roj HCL, uas yog muaj zog heev oxidant. Nws ua num ua ke nrog cov hlau los ntawm uas ua rau cov roj cov khoom thiab txav nws, yuav ua corrosion. Yog hais tias nws twb tsis yog rau qhov no tshwm sim, cov roj yuav tsim nyog npaum li cas cheaper.
Kuv xav kom ntseeg tau hais tias tom qab nyeem ntawv no tsab xov xwm, koj hloov koj lub siab txog Science News for KIDS raws li ib tug science thiab yuav tsum xav txog nws boring, uninteresting thiab ruaj.