Hom xim nyob rau hauv psychology thiab social functions

ua kom pom tseeb teeb meem no twb yeej ib txwm tau tus tsom xam ntawm ntau puas siab puas ntsws tswv yim thiab tej lus qhia. Piv txwv li, Pavlov, Ntsuam xyuas cov hom xim nyob rau hauv psychology, khi nws nrog ib tug ua tau hauj lwm hlwb dab thiab suab txo nws mus rau theem ntawm kev nkag siab ntawm lub unconditioned reflex. Cov lus txhais no thov ib tug neeg muaj peev xwm mus mloog zoo tag nrho nws cov kev puas hlwb kev ua si nyob rau ntawm ib qhov chaw, uas yog vim qhov tus ntawm ntau yam, yog qhov chaw ntawm no concentration.

Founder ntawm lwm lub tsev kawm ntawv, Ukhtomsky, sib cav hais tias lub homphiaj ntawm txhua tus neeg mob ntawm nws cov manifestation yog yeej ib txwm txiav txim siab, saum toj no tag nrho, lub zog ntawm cov khoom uas nws tsom. Ntxiv mus, tej zaum nws yuav tsis txawm yuav hais txog txoj kev ib tug tag nrho, tiam sis tsuas yog ib ob peb ntawm nws txhais tes, dominating tus so ntawm lub zog, thiab predisposing rau cov kev kho mob rau nws. Raws li ib tug active "khub" ntawm tus txheej txheem ntawm concentration ntawm cov xim sawv hauv kev sib raug tseem ceeb ntawm ib tug neeg rau lwm sab ntawm cov kev kawm, uas thim rau nws cov xim.

Txawm li cas los, tsis muaj teeb meem dab tsi peb tsis xav txog lub hom phiaj ntawm cais cov hom xim nyob rau hauv psychology, nws yuav tsum tau txais uas nyob rau hauv ntau lub respects rau tag nrho cov ntawm lawv yog peculiar txog tib qee ntawm nws tus yam ntxwv.

Ntsuam xyuas cov hom xim nyob rau hauv psychology, raws li nws cov khoom no hu ua universal theem ntawm concentration thiab stability. Tsis tas li ntawd ntawm cov saum toj kawg nkaus psychologists tus cwj pwm cov thaj chaw ntawm cov xim, raws li cov selectivity, tis, pereklyuchaemost.

Tam sim no cov hom ntawm cov xim nyob rau hauv psychology yog suav tias yog thiab txwv kom muab zais rau hauv qab no thaj av:

Tus duab ntawm tus Activities xim txwv kom muab zais rau hauv piav thoob hlo-foundations, kev txawj ntse thiab lub cev muaj zog.

Los ntawm dominating lub analyzer kom paub qhov txawv cov hom xim raws li qhov muag pom, hnov, gustatory, olfactory thiab lwm tus neeg. Qhov no kev faib yog qho tseem ceeb heev los ntawm tus taw tes ntawm view ntawm kev nws tus kheej txiav txim ntawm tus txiv neej.

Nyob rau hauv cov kev taw qhia ntawm niaj hnub science faib sab nraud kom pom tseeb (teem feem nyob rau hauv ntiaj teb no), domestic (ntsuam nrog ncus thiab xav) thiab borderline (tactile).

Muaj kuj yog ib tug faib raws li cov neeg kawm ntawv ntawm kev txaus siab tswj. Nws chaw nyob xws hom raws li arbitrary thiab posleproizvolnoe. Tus thawj yog los ntawm qhov ib tug active zoo ntawm cov xim uas koj xav tau rau initialize thiab hu volitional kev siv zog. Qhov thib ob tshwm sim nthawv vim hais tias txhais los ntawm lwm stimuli. Posleproizvolnoe daim ntawv yog lub cev tsis kho, tsis pub dhau nws muaj ntau tshaj li xim ntshawv siab.

Mloog tsis tsuas yog muab ib tug rog xav txog ntawm cov kev taw qhia thiab degree ntawm concentration nco qab nyob rau hauv tej txheej xwm, cov lus tseeb, cov txheej xwm. Mloog txhawb lub tsim ntawm ib tug ntshiab rog xav txog, thiab chaw pib rau thiaj yuav rau lub hom phiaj kev muaj tiag. Cov no yog cov kev khiav dej num ntawm cov xim nyob rau hauv psychology, Sociology, philosophy thiab lwm yam sciences uas yuav pab peb hloov lub ntiaj teb no kev ntawm tus txiv neej. Ntawm cov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog nta xws li:

- filtering cov ntaub ntawv los rau tus txiv neej nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntawm nws xav tau kev pab;

- muab selectivity thiab stability ntawm cov xim rau kev sib raug zoo chaw;

- kom cov tsim nyog kev xav uas tseem ceeb ntawm lub sij hawm no, thaum uas tig mus inhibition ntawm cov neeg uas tsis yuav tsum tau.

Tiav ntawm cov kev tso cai yog ib tug yuavtsum tau kawm uantej rau ib tug harmonious socialization ntawm tus neeg thiab lub guarantor ntawm nws cov kev vam meej nkag mus rau hauv lub zej zog. Qhov no yog lub siab tshaj plaws luag hauj lwm nyob rau hauv kev txawj ntse kev ua si, qhov chaw uas nco ua hauj lwm pab, piv txwv li, thiab raws li ib lub hauv paus rau lub cim ntawm nrhav, thiab raws li ib daim ntawv qhia nyob rau hauv ua nws ib tug tshiab, cim, xws li hais tias tsis muaj ib tug ua ntej thiab yeej tsis tsim.