Hom ntawm kab: qhov kev piav qhia thiab yees duab

Nyob rau hauv no tsab xov xwm peb xav tham txog cov kab. Tej zaum nyob rau hauv ib tug metropolis, peb tsuas yog tsis pom. Tab sis qhov no pab pawg neeg ntawm kab yog txaus heev heev thiab noteworthy. Cia saib ib co hom kab uas yog feem ntau cov yam ntxwv rau peb latitude.

Qhov ntau haiv kab

Tus thawj neeg laus nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb tshaj peb puas lub lab xyoo dhau los. Cov beings kab comprise cov pab pawg neeg loj. Xav txog tej yam uas cov detachment muaj ntau tshaj 350 000 ntau hom.

Caum feem pua ntawm cov milestones kab - lawv yog cov neeg sawv cev ntawm tsuas tsib cov tsev neeg:

1. Kab txhom - 45,000.
2. Hauv pem teb cov kab - 40,000.
3. Kab, weevils - 60,000.
4. Usachev - 26,000.
5. Nplooj kab - 35,000.

Kab muaj ntau vaj tse nyob ib ncig ntawm lub ntiaj teb no, tej zaum selyas txawm nyob rau hauv peb lub tsev thiab qhov. Nyob rau hauv no tsab xov xwm peb xav mus xyuas ib co hom kab.

Tej zaum cov kab

Tej zaum cov kab yog heev nyob rau hauv peb latitudes. Lawv zoo li ntog rau hauv caij nplooj ntoos hlav - feem ntau tshwm sim nyob rau thaum xaus ntawm lub Plaub Hlis. Yuav ua li cas hom ntawm cov kab yog paub? Nyob rau hauv dav dav, lub tag nrho genus yog sawv cev los ntawm 24 hom, cuaj ntawm lawv nyob rau hauv lub chaw uas zoo heev ntawm Russia. Nws yog ntseeg hais tias cov kab muaj los ntawm lub cos blossoming rau cov Oaks thiab cov tsos ntawm cov nplooj rau ntawm birch ntoo. Yog hais tias lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav sov hnub mus nrhiav nyob rau hauv av, koj yuav saib tau nkag tom qab wintering kab. Yav tsaus ntuj nyob ze ntawm flowering ntsuab ntoo audible hum ntawm kab. Qhov no tej zaum yuav kab. Nyob rau hauv lub yav tav su nyob rau hauv cov nroj tsuag tej zaum lawv yuav tsis tau pom, lawv zaum ntawm cov nplooj, clinging rau lawv ob txhais ceg. Nws yuav tsum tau hais tias tag nrho cov hom ntawm cov kab yog teeb meem lov tas vau thiab ntoo, noj lawv tej zaub thiab paj.

Zoo li lub May kab

cockchafer lub cev ntev nce mus txog 2-3.5 centimeters. Nws yog them nrog chitinous plhaub uas tiv thaiv lub hauv nruab nrog cev. Peb accustomed mus rau lub fact tias cov tshuaj tua kab muaj ib lub teeb xim av xim. Tab sis nyob rau hauv qhov sib txawv ntawm cov hom kab (yees duab nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm) yuav muaj ntau xim, los ntawm reddish-xim av mus rau dub. Ntxoov nyob ntawm seb cov vaj tse uas kab. Brown xim yog cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov hom uas nyob rau hauv qhib tshav ntuj qhov chaw, thiab cov dub cover neeg nyob tau tsaus chaw, xws li forests. Kab nyob hauv cov teb chaws Asia thiab teb chaws Europe, preferring cov hav zoov nrog cov tub ntxhais pines. Tab sis nws yog ib lub tswv yim lug tau sai dlua thiab nyob rau hauv lub nroog, nyob rau hauv lub dag plantations ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntoo.

Cim kab muaj peev xwm

Tej zaum cov kab ya ntawm ib tug ceev ntawm peb meters ib ob - zoo txaus rau cov me me creatures. Nyob rau hauv zoo huab cua tej yam kev mob rau hnub lawv kov yeej mus rau nees nkaum kilometers. Lub qhov siab ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab ya davhlau thiab yog hom twg los ntawm rau mus rau ib puas meters. Lub hom phiaj ntawm cov sib ntaus ntawm tag nrho cov hom ntawm cov May kab yeej ib txwm ntsuab tej qhov chaw. Eastern kab prefers lub nyob ze hav zoov los yog ntoo siab siab. Ib tug Western cockchafers taw qhia kom paub thaum lub sij hawm sib ntaus rau lub siab tshaj plaws cov khoom nyob rau hauv qhov kev ncua deb, raws li ib tug txoj cai, nws yog ib lub hav zoov.

Cim feature ntawm cov kab yog tus muaj peev xwm mus nrhiav txoj cai txoj kev. Los ntawm kev kawm rau hauv lub cwj pwm tsis zoo ntawm tus kab, biologists ntes tau thiab tsiv lawv mus rau ib tug sib txawv kiag li qhov chaw, tso ib ob peb hnub. Txawm nws yuav zoo li zoo kawg, tab sis cov kab coj ib yam, yog hais tias lawv yog programmed ya nyob rau hauv ib tug tej yam kev taw qhia.

Nws yog tseem tsis paub hais tias yuav ua li cas lub kab yog ua. Nyob rau hauv ib tes, lawv txiav txim cov kev taw qhia ntawm lub hnub, tab sis nyob rau lwm yam - lawv yeej zoo kawg thiab lub caij ntuj sov thiab nyob rau hauv lub yav tsaus ntuj thaum nws tsis yog. Thaj, lawv heev polarized lub teeb mus saib qhov twg mus. Biologists muaj txawm pom tias lub May kab tau nco ntsoov cov neeg zej zog, ntawm cov feem ntau muaj koob kawm.

tawv kab

Leej twg yog cov tawv ntoo kab? Hom ntawm cov kab yog heev ntau haiv neeg. Tag nrho cov ntawm lawv nyob rau hauv loj qhov chaw, yuav ua teeb meem loj kev puas tsuaj rau cov nroj tsuag, ob leeg loj hlob thiab felled. Tag nrho cov hom ntawm cov kab yog kab tsuag. Cov muaj xws li:

1. Dendrokton los yog spruce kab.
2. Tawv kab li (xwsli rooj tog los yog lub tsev).
3. Scolytus birch.
4. Shashel.
5. Oak loj dub barbel.
6. Xylophagous kab.
7. Kab-typographer. Nyob rau hauv cov neeg nws yog hu ua Tawv kab.
8. Kab ntoo brownie los yog laws ntawv tau cov (woodcutter).

Kab, kws ntoo

Tag nrho cov hom ntawm cov kab yog ntau tsis tau tsuas yog nyob rau hauv hav zoov, tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov qhov chaw nyob qhov twg muaj yog txuam nrog cov ntoo. Lawv ntsiag to tshwm sim nyob rau hauv cov tsev ntoo, warehouses, cottages thiab txawm ntoo rooj tog. Txij li thaum tseem yog menyuam yaus, peb paub lwm lub npe rau cov tshuaj tua kab - kab woodcutter, los yog ib tug li.

Txawv tsiaj ntawm cov kab kab yog tau xa ib tug ntau ntawm teeb meem rau lub inhabitants ntawm lub tsev. Feem ntau, thaum lub tsev ib lub tsev los yog villa ntoo ntsiab yog tsis ib txwm ua kev tiv thaiv cov khoom. Yog hais tias tom qab ib tug thaum koj pom tias yam dab tsi yog tsis ncaj ncees lawm, los yog muaj ib lub creaking ntawm lub floorboards, thiab koj paub tias koj yog cov uninvited qhua - kab, kws ntoo. Tag nrho cov hom ntawm cov tsev neeg kab yuav tsum tau muab rhuav pov tseg tam sim ntawd, vim hais tias lawv lawv tus kheej tsis txhob cia, tab sis thaum lub sij hawm nws nyob spoil ntau ntoo khoom, xws li cov plag tsev, ntas, plag tsev.

Ntoo muaj ib tug yam ntxwv nteg lawv cov kab tsis nyob rau hauv cov ntoo, namely nyob rau hauv Spili. Kab muaj ib tug heev me me luaj li cas - tsuas yog ib tug ob peb millimeters. Yuav luag tag nrho cov sij hawm nws yog nyob rau hauv cov ntoo, muaj sau nws lub neej, thiab prefers qhuav qub tsob ntoo. Kuv yuav tsum hais tias lub ntsiab ua rau raug mob tsis yog tus kab thiab lawv cov kab. Tom qab tag nrho, lawv yuav ua li cas ib tug nqe vaj lug kub nyob rau hauv lub laug cam, tig lawv yuav luag mus rau hauv cov hmoov av. Nws yog ib qhov nyuaj rau xav txog tej yam, tab sis lub kab nyob ntawm tsib mus rau nees nkaum xyoo, gnawing kilometers tsiv. Ntoo nws tus kheej yog tsis muaj peev xwm ua ib tug ntau ntawm kev puas tsuaj. Cov kab muab sai nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav cov maum nteg lawv cov qe, thiab ib lub lim tiam tom qab ntawd muaj cov kab uas pub rau tsob ntoo.

Txoj kev ntawm kev soj ntsuam txog nrog ntoo borers

Yog hais tias koj yog saum ntoo chaw nyob puas ntsoog, nws txhais tau tias nyob rau hauv koj lub tsev slipped ntoo. Qhov no yog qhov teeb liab mus rau pib nrog nws. Lub fact tias koj tej zaum nws tsis sai li sai tau paub tias tus intruders, thiab thaum twg lawv muaj yuav khees colony nce mus txog ib tug dlej loj. Yuav kom tshwj kom txhob siv ntau hom pheej tshuaj tua kab muaj daim ntawv txawv (gel, tshuaj tsuag, kua).

Dendrokton los yog spruce kab

Dendroktony - ntau hom ntawm daim tawv kab. Lawv muaj peev xwm yuav nrhiav tau nyob rau hauv ltalis, England, Norway, nyob rau hauv lub Far East. Feem ntau cov uas tsim nyog rau lawv yog cov taiga struts, tsis tshua lawv nyob rau hauv lub steppe cheeb tsam. Kab muaj peev xwm ua kom luv luv flights. Tab sis qhov yooj yim txoj kev ntawm nws hais tawm no yog los thauj tus kab mob ntoo.

Coloring kab nyob rau ntawm nws lub vaj tsev, feem ntau nws yog xim av, dub los yog xim av. kab lub cev muaj ib tug elongated oblong zoo. A hwj txwv reminiscent ntawm mace.

Tus poj niam cab nteg nws qe hauv cov ntoo, tus kab daug lawm, pub mis, gnaw los ntawm tag nrho network ntawm ntau. Ces lawv loj hlob thiab tom qab ib tug thaum nteg lawv cov kab.

li

Grinders - yog parasites, raws li zoo raws li tag nrho cov hom ntawm cov tawv ntoo kab. Kab elongated npog tas ib ce thiab taub hau muab zais los ib yam ntawm cov hood. Yeej nws yog xim av los yog xim av Hawj txawm. Nws saum npoo yog them nrog lub cev cia. Kab yuav ya, thiab ces populate loj cheeb tsam. Pawg tsiv teb tsaws kab ua nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov lub caij ntuj sov. Kab muaj lawv tus kheej tiv thaiv mechanism, uas yog cov muaj peev xwm mus ua si tuag.

Kab muab heev sai sai. Thaum lub sij hawm hauv lub xyoo, cov maum ua plaub masonry. Nrog nws cov coj loj kab noj heev.

scolytus birch

Tag nrho cov hom ntawm cov kab (yees duab yog muab los ntawm peb nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm) - kab - muaj ib tug zoo qab los noj mov. Tsis tsuas yog, thiab scolytus birch. Nws nyiam delicacy yog ib tug laus birch. Tab sis thaum lub sij hawm yug me nyuam cab yuav tsis bypass cov xim thiab tus hluas ntoo. Yog hais tias xws li ib kab lodged nyob rau hauv tsob ntoo, nws yuav nyob tsis muaj ntau tshaj li ib ob peb xyoos laus, thiab tuag.

Kab gnaws qhov nyob rau hauv cov ntoo, uas muab cua ntawm lawv tsev neeg thiab ua ib tug qhov chaw ntawm cov poj niam fertilization. kab ntev tsis tshaj 6.5 millimeter. Muaj me ntsis rau ntawm tis. Pawg kab ya nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov lub caij ntuj sov. Lawv tam sim no nyob thoob plaws hauv teb chaws Europe. Yuav ua li cas hom ntawm cov ntoo kab xav? Ntau hom kev birch ntoo ntawm tag nrho cov muaj hnub nyoog yog ua lub tsev rau cab. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd lawv gnaw ntau, kab tseem mob ntoo fungi. Vim hais tias lawv lub cev yog them nrog fibers, lawv kis tau yooj yim qhov muaj cov noob. Cov mob ntoo yeej poob ceg, thiab ces tuag.

Shashel

Shashel muaj nruab nrab loj, nws lub cev xim nyob rau hauv dawb xim. Nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam ntawm lub caj dab, koj yuav saib tau dub me ntsis cov dawb daim ntaub. Nws yog ib qhov nyuaj rau hais tias yog dab tsi hom ntawm daim tawv kab feem ntau txaus ntshai rau cov nroj tsuag. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog hais tias feem ntau ua rau ntau puas tsuaj kab tshaj cov neeg laus. Larva Shashel ua heev heev tsiv heev sai sai lub cev puv mus rau hauv cov hmoov av. Nyob rau hauv tsob ntoo, nws yuav nyob mus txog ob peb xyoos, thiab ces koj lem mus rau hauv ib tug tag nrho-fledged kab laum. Shashel muaj ib tug feature uas ua rau lawv nyuaj mus ntes. Tag nrho qhov ua nyob rau hauv cov ntoo uas tau sau nrog cov ntoo hmoov. Nws tsis poob tawm, tab sis vim hais tias thaj tsis yoojyim txheeb xyuas tau tus kab mob nyob rau hauv xws li ib tug cab.

Dub ntoo qhib kab barbel

Cov kab loj tshaj lawv cov txheeb ze. Ib tug txawv feature yog cov tshuaj tua kab hwj txwv, qhov ntev ntawm uas yog ntau dua tshaj li qhov loj ntawm lub cev. Kab prefers ntoo qhib, fir, spruce thiab ntoo thuv. Qhov no txhais tau tias qhov loj tshaj plaws ib feem ntawm cov kab nyob hauv lub hav chaw. Nrhiav ib tug tshiab tsob ntoo, ib tug kab ua ntej txav hluas twigs, cov laus dhau nws lub hwj chim. Feem ntau ntawm nws lub neej nws haum poob ntoo.

Xylophages thiab typographer

Xylophages peculiarity yog tias nws digestive ib ntsuj av tau muaj fungi thiab cov kab mob uas pab ua txhaum down ntoo. Qhov no cab yog noj lwj poob ntoo.

Raws li rau kab kab, nws txav forests ntawm Kamchatka, Far East, Europe, Sakhalin, Siberia. Nws prefers ntoo nrog ib tug ncaj tuab ua kiav txhab, thiab cov nroj tsuag yuav tsum tau ciaj sia. Kab yeej tsis khom rau tuag ntoo. Cov no yog cov heev txaus ntshai kab nyob rau hauv lub tsev. Hom ntoo tsis muaj kev tseem ceeb rau lawv, yog tias lawv tau xaiv ib tug ntoo suburban siv. Los ntawm no lub tsev nyob rau hauv cia li ib lub xyoo yuav ua tau tsuas yog ib lub thoob khib nyiab. Thiab vim hais tias ntawm lub me me luaj li cas ntawm cov kab yog ib qhov nyuaj rau saib yog vim li cas nws yog li ntawd txaus ntshai.

Raws li peb tau pom, peb tau kawm tag nrho cov neeg sawv cev ntawm cov tawv ntoo kab - ib tug heev txaus ntshai kab (hom thiab npe muaj raws li sau tseg saum toj no), yuav ua tau rau raug mob tsis tsuas mus rau lub tsev tab sis kuj loj forested chaw.

dub beetles

Nws yog ntseeg hais tias tib neeg habitation yog cov feem ntau txaus ntshai dub beetles. Hom kab yog paub rau peb los ntawm thaum yau: kab, daim tawv kab, kab laum. Saib qhov twg ntawm cov cab los yog nyob rau hauv lub tsev ntawm nws urgently yuav tsum tau tshem ntawm. Tab sis rau cov hauj lwm zoo ntawm kev sib ntaus koj yuav tsum xyuas seb leej twg yog peb tus yeeb ncuab.

Kab kab muaj haum loj loj: txog ob centimeters. Tab sis lawv kab yog heev me me, tab sis vim hais tias lawv yog ib qho nyuaj mus ntes. Lawv yog cov yuav mus nrhiav tau nyob rau hauv hmoov thiab cereals. Nws yog lawv nyiam qhov chaw. Tej zibntab khoom noj yuav tsum muab pov tseg tawm, thiab muab cov txee los kho poov tshuaj permanganate los yog vinegar.

Lub tsev tej zaum yuav tshwm dub kab laum. Lawv txaus ntshai yog hais tias lawv yog nqa ntawm tus kab mob kab mob. Yog hais tias cov kab thiab tawv kab raug tua los ntawm tshuaj tua kab, lawv muaj tsis ntxim rau kab laum. Vim hais tias cov kws txawj pom zoo kom siv cov kev pab cuam rau pej xeem noj qab haus huv kev pab cuam.

Nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav tiv thaiv koj tus kheej los ntawm cov tsos ntawm intruders tau yuav tsis tseg nqa tawm tiv thaiv kev ntsuas uas yuav pab tau kom tawm kab nyob rau hauv lub tsev. Rau lub hom phiaj no, dua tib siv tshuaj tua kab, uas yog kho nrog lub rear nto ntawm txee, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv lub chav ua noj, Skirting, fab, cia cheeb tsam. Tej zaum nws yog yooj yim los mus tiv thaiv cov emergence of, es tom qab ntawd kom tshem tau ntawm.

Qhov loj tshaj plaws kab nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no

Thaum nws yog ib tug me nyuam nws ciali rau peb hais tias lub May kab loj heev. Tab sis nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb lub ntiaj teb kev muaj tiag muaj ntau ntau kab. Cia saib ib co hom loj kab.

Titan - ib tug heev loj kab (kab) nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no. Biologists muaj sab tshem me me kaum xya centimeters nyob rau hauv ntev thiab muaj nyob lawm thiab dvadtsatisantimetrovye giants. Vaj tse rau cov kab yog cov Amazon rainforest. Cov maum yog loj tshaj caug. Lawv nyob rau hauv ntoo. Nrog xws impressive luaj li cas ntawm cov kab ua neej nyob tsuas tsib lub lis piam. Titan - ib tug tshwj xeeb zeej, tsis muaj txawm tom ntej no ntawm kwvtij. Nws belongs rau tsev neeg ntawm ntev-horned kab, lawv yog hu ua woodcutters, uas yog txawv los ntawm txoj kev zoo nkauj ntawm tus poj nkhaus mustache. Tus nqi ntawm ib qho ntawm cov kab woodcutter los mus txog tsib puas dollars.

Hercules kab thiab lwm yam loj kab

Hercules nyob rau hauv ntev nce mus txog kaum centimeters, thaum nws yog tsis inferior mus tus naas ej woodcutter ceeb thawj. Tej zaum cov txivneej yuav ua tau mus kaum cuaj centimeters, tab sis nws yuav tsum tau borne nyob rau hauv lub siab hais tias qhov no muaj xws li qhov ntev ntawm nws cov tshuab raj. Hercules twb nyob ntawm Central thiab South Africa, muaj nyob rau hauv cov Islands tuaj ntawm lub Caribbean. Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias txawm nyob rau hauv prehistoric lub sij hawm yog tsis ntau tshaj peb caug centimeters kab. Nyob rau ntawm lub sij hawm, muaj giant qaus liv.

Ntxhw kab kuj siv rau loj kab ntawm lub ntiaj teb no, tab sis yog ua tsis tau zoo rau qhov luaj li cas ntawm Hercules thiab titanium. Nyob rau nruab nrab, kab hnyav - 35 grams, qhov ntev ntawm lub maum tsis pub tshaj xya centimeters, tab sis lub hauv caug mus txog 12 centimeters. Nyob kab yog nyob rau hauv Central America, Mexico, nyob rau hauv lub nag forests ntawm South America. Xws li ib tug kev kho raws li nkhaus horn kab ua hauj lwm pab rau tilting tus yeeb ncuab, tab sis tsis yog rau nws tua. Nws tau pub mov rau ib tug tsiaj txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntoo, yog tshwj xeeb yog fond ntawm txiv tsawb. Muaj mob thaum nyob rau hauv sau kab ntog mus rau hauv ib lub thawv, nrog rau txiv hmab txiv ntoo, thiab ces, tau txais xws li ib tug surprise, cov neeg no xav tsis thoob hais tias tus kab tau dim cov lus.

Nyob rau hauv Malaysia, lub tsev mus rau lub loj heev ntev-legged grasshoppers. Thaum lawv raug xam tias yog tus coos kab.

Tab sis Kaulia muaj tus txheej xwm ntawm lub heaviest kab nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no. Nws yuag nce mus txog ib puas grams. Qhov nruab nrab ntev ntawm caug nce mus txog cuaj centimeters. Txawv ntawm ntau yam coloring yog sib txawv, tab sis lub ntsiab tom qab yog ib txwm dub, thiab nyob rau nws muaj ntau heev heev dawb stains. Kab yog diurnal, pub rau txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab kua txiv perespevshimi ntoo. Li ib txwm qhov chaw ntawm lawv tej vaj tse - South-East thiab Central teb chaws Africa.

Nyob rau hauv lub CIS, qhov loj tshaj plaws kab yog ib tug tej yam qub qab barbel. nws lub cev ntev yog 11.2 centimeters. Qhov no yog ib tug tsis tshua kab muaj npe teev nyob rau hauv lub Red Phau Ntawv. Kab yog nyob rau hauv lub Far East, Tuam Tshoj thiab lub Korean ceg av qab teb.

Stag kab muaj nws lub npe. Nws yog qhov loj tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov ntawm cov teb chaws Europe. Nws phem mas nyob rau hauv ntoo qhib thiab beech hav zoov ntawm cov teb chaws Europe. Maximum ntev, biologists kaw - 8.8 centimeter. Nws txawv txawv lub npe nws tau txais vim hais tias ntawm lub puab tsaig, uas yeej zoo li mos lwj antlers. Qhov no arrangement zoo siv ib tug kab mus tua tus yeeb ncuab. Cov maum tsis muaj tshuab raj, tab sis hauv caug yog zoo nkauj heev vim hais tias ntawm lawv.

Cov kab kev txawv txawv: nws kab mus ib tug ntev heev lub sij hawm ntawm 4 mus rau 6 xyoo, thiab tej thaum mus txog rau 8. Thiab ua kab nyob heev luv luv tab sis sij hawm uas tseem lub neej, uas yuav siv sij hawm qhov chaw nyob rau hauv lub tawm tsam rau zaub mov thiab cov pojniam. Cov txheej txheem yuav siv sij hawm los ntawm ib mus rau ob lub hlis. Qhov ntawd yog zoo li ib tug txawv txawv kab.

Tag nrho cov hom ntawm cov kab yog heev ntau haiv neeg. Lawv tag nrho cov muaj lawv tus kheej cov yam ntxwv - los ntawm qhov tsawg tshaj plaws rau cov biggest kab giants. Nws nkawd hais tias lawv yog txawv ntau heev, tab sis nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb lawv yuav mus rau ib tug loj detachment. Nyob rau hauv ntau txoj kev, lawv tus nqi yog nyob ntawm cov vaj tse thiab khoom noj khoom haus kom muaj nuj nqis. Txawm cov neeg sawv cev ntawm ib tug tib hom yuav sib txawv nyob rau hauv loj.