Hais lus

Tej mas tsim cov lus muaj ob hom ntawm kev hais lus - hais lus thiab sau. Qhov Ncauj, uas muaj xws li, ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, hais lus, hloov zuj zuj tiam dhau ib tiam thiab yog kev cob cog rua nrog lub keeb kwm kev loj hlob ntawm nws muaj - ntawm ib tug neeg. Thaum muaj tej theem, nws ua ib tug zoo ntawm lub hauv paus rau cov tsim ntawm sau hais lus. Tsis tas li ntawd, ob leeg ntaub ntawv muaj nyob rau hauv parallel, raws li txwv mus tej yam tshwm sim.

txhais

Nyob rau hauv lug, nws yog lam xav hais tias cov lus - ib tug tshwj xeeb zoo ntawm kev sau ntawv hais lus. Tus uas muaj nws daim ntawv thov - txhua hnub kev sis raug zoo, cov kis ntawm cov ntaub ntawv, tej yam nyob rau interlocutor, lub siab ntsws lub xeev ntawm kev qhia. Feeb hais lus rau ib tug xov tooj ntawm thaj av txheem hauv phau ntawv. Nws cov hauv paus yog dialects thiab sub-dialects, Surzhikov, nroog ua dog ua dig thiab jargon, raws li zoo raws li cov ntsiab ntawm cov phau ntawv hais lus. Zoo li muaj tseem ceeb cov lus tag, colloquial daim ntawv ntawm kev hais lus muaj ib tug xov tooj ntawm cov nta thiab cov yam ntxwv.

Nta thiab tej yam tshwm sim colloquially

Nta ntawm hais lus yog hais txog, ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, nrog nws cov cheeb tsam ntawm qhov kev siv:

• Yog hais tias peb tham txog lub qhov ncauj daim ntawv no, tej lus no yog siv feem ntau nyob rau hauv lub sib tham - nyob rau hauv ib tug kev sib tham ntawm ob los yog ntau tus neeg. Nws tseem yuav tsum muaj ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv lub monologues txojkev hais lus rau nws tus kheej.

• Hais lus - txawj hais lus. Yuav kom sib txuas lus ntawm cov lus qhia, raws li ib tug txoj cai, tsis npaj hais, tsis xav tawm nyob rau hauv ua ntej lawv cov kab. Lawv cov lus hais, nyob ntawm seb dab tsi thiab yuav ua li cas teb cov lus rau nws los yog interlocutor interlocutors. Txawm hais tias qhov kev sib tham yog npaj nyob rau hauv ua ntej, nws yog yus ib tug high degree ntawm improvisation. Nyob rau hauv no hais txog, yuav tsum muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm ib lub qhov ncauj sib tham los ntawm, piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv kev sau ntawv. Nyob rau hauv tsab ntawv, yog txoj kev, muaj ib tug keeb ntawm ua ntej npaj, xaiv ntawm cov lus txhais tau tias ntxiv ceev faj formulation ntawm txoj kev xav.

• Kev hais lus yog feem ntau yog siv nyob rau hauv ib tug kev qhov chaw nrog rau cov kev, ib qho yooj yim sib txuas lus. Qhov no tseem ceeb sib txawv los ntawm lub qhov ncauj teb-ua lag ua luam kev sib tham, rau Piv txwv li, ib tug kev sib tham nrog cov thawj ntawm ib tug subordinate los yog ib tug scientific daim ntawv qhia lus, lectures.

• Hais lus raws li xws li yuav tsum tau ib tug yuav tsum yog ib feem nyob rau hauv qhov kev sib tham. Nws yuav muaj ib co cues nrog monologues interlocutor.

• Situational kuj ib txwm hais lus. Xws li nyob ntawm seb qhov teeb meem ntawm kev sib txuas lus, los ntawm lub npe ntawm kev sib tham, cov ntaub ntawv thiab lub ntsiab lus, lub siab ntsws lub xeev ntawm cov interlocutor, cov theem ntawm lawv kev txawj ntse thiab sab ntsuj plig kev loj hlob, kev teb thiab cov cheeb tsam ntawm kev txaus siab yuav tsum tau txiav txim thiab cov ntsiab lus sab ntawm kev sib txuas lus thiab lexical-stylistic thiab grammatical txhais tau tias kev qhia.

• Lub active siv ntawm ntau yam uas tsis yog-hais lus kev sib txuas lus - lub ntsej muag kab zauv, gestures, tis, suab. Vim hais tias ib tug ntawm cov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws kev pab raws qib txhua hnub hais lus - kev to taub, cov cuab yeej ua kev sib txuas lus ntau pheej yig, kev paub qhia lo, pab txhawb qhov kev nkag siab ntawm nws semantic orientation.

• Rau kev sib tham tsiag ntawv los ntawm kev siv emotive ntsuam xyuas cov lo lus lus nrog diminutive lus los yog tus nqi cia, interjections, tsis tiav los yog truncated ua ke, kom txhob muaj niam, tautology, discontinuous syntax cov nqe lus, thiab lwm tus neeg.

Hais lus kab lis kev cai thiab Hais Lus

Thaum hais lus yog distinguished los ntawm ib tug stylistic yooj yim thiab txawm ib co negligence, ntau dua qhov lub kev kawm ntawv, kev txawj ntse txog qib uas lub interlocutors, qhov ntau nws sau raws nkaus Ii lawv cov lus uas yuav tsum tau. hais lus kab lis kev cai yog ncaj qha mus txuas rau cov kev kab lis kev cai ntawm cwm pwm.

Yog li ntawd, cov neeg los ntawm "disadvantaged" social pawg distinguished los ntawm cov neeg pluag cov lus siv, kev siv cov vernacular lus thiab pejorative xwm, kev chaw accents nyob rau hauv cov lus, uas tsis nyob rau hauv hais los yog kev siv ntawm cov lo lus, lexical ntsiab lus uas tsis sib tau qhov teeb meem ntawm kev sib txuas lus. Qauv sau ntawv, phonetic thiab syntactic yuam kev (tsis ncaj ncees lawm daim ntawv thov cov ntaub ntawv ntaub ntawv suab hnab ntawv distortion lus, tsis yog kev tsim kho proposals), siv cov interjections es tsis txhob ntawm ib tug tag nrho lo lus yam ntxwv ntawm cov hais lus pab pawg neeg.

Cov neeg koom nyob rau hauv kev txawj ntse ua hauj lwm, nyob rau hauv colloquial hais lus prevails los yog hom paub cov ntsiab lus ntawm paub daws teeb xwm, leej, siv cov lus nyob rau hauv raws li lawv lexical lub ntsiab lus thiab qhov teeb meem ntawm kev sib txuas lus. Lawv hais lus yog nyob ze rau hauv phau ntawv ntawm imagery, lexical richness, grammatical thiab syntactical ntaub kawm ntawv. Txawm li cas los, muaj peev xwm yuav siv tau cog lus lus thiab kab zauv.

Qhov xwm thiab cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov lus imposes nws imprint kev puag ncig hais neeg. Lub thiaj li hu ua "professionalism" nyob ib tug tseem ceeb ib feem ntawm cov lus ntawm tib neeg Tshuag.