Frigate "Admiral Grigorovich": cov duab, lub tsev thiab launching

Resurgent naval hwj chim ntawm Russia haum tag nrho cov muaj tseeb patriots. Tom qab ntau xyoo thaum lub sij hawm uas tus fleet tuaj mus rau hauv poob, thaum kawg pib nws Modernization, nrog los ntawm cov commissioning tshiab units uas hais tias tau uas yuav tsum tau ntawm lub tshiab xyoo pua. Ntawm lawv, ib tug frigate ntawm Project 11356 "Admiral Grigorovich," Launched 14 Lub peb hlis ntuj 2014.

Yuav ua li cas yog ib tug Lavxias teb sab frigate

Nyob rau hauv lub Soviet kev faib Navy ships ntawm no hauv chav kawm ntawv, raws li ib tug frigate, nws tsis yog. Lawv ua tau ib tug loj anti-submarine ships (BOD) thiab saib xyuas (IC), uas ris lub ntsiab tsim txom ntawm kom lub inviolability ntawm tus ciam teb ntawm lub USSR ncua dej. Txij li thaum 1968, cov tub rog lub tsev hais plaub ntawm lub project 1135, ua rau lub Hoobkas "Yantar" tau pib mus txog rau hauv lub fleet kev pab cuam. Ib tug series ntawm kaum yim ships, raws li ib txwm, lub npe hu ua tom qab nws cov thawj chav tsev, "Petrel". Khwb qhov kev pab no kuj nqa "Norei" (Project 11351), ua nyob rau hauv loj qhov ntau (39 daim). Ib txhia ntawm lawv yog cov tseem nyob rau hauv qhov kev pab, tab sis lub sij hawm thiab qhov tsis yog siab phem, cov khoom nyhav los hnav thiab laus hlwb. Kev tau shipbuilders nyob rau hauv kev tsim cov hom suav hais tias. Nyob rau hauv lawv qhov chaw yuav tuaj lub nkoj uas tshiab project - 11356 chav kawm ntawv "Admiral Grigorovich," sau raws nkaus Ii mus rau lub txais nyob rau hauv ntau navies ntawm lub ntiaj teb no lub tswvyim ntawm "frigate" raws li nyob rau hauv xaav, thiab kev sib ntaus los muaj peev xwm. Tej zaum qhov no hauv chav kawm ntawv yuav tau txais accustomed mus rau lub Lavxias teb sab Navy.

Nyob rau hauv Honor ntawm ib tug neeg npe hu nkoj thiab ib tug series ntawm

Lub "Admiral Grigorovich," nyob rau hauv lub xyoo tom ntej yuav mus ntxiv rau plaub frigates twb nteg, coj tus kheej lub npe nto moo Lavxias teb sab Admirals Essen, Makarov, Butakova thiab Istomin. Naval commanders, cov no yog paub feem ntau rau cov neeg uas xav nyob rau hauv lub keeb kwm ntawm Russia thiab nws cov tub rog. Tag nrho cov ntawm lawv tau ua nto moo thaum lub sij hawm lub heroic tiv thaiv ntawm chaw nres nkoj Arthur thaum lub sij hawm lub Lavxias teb sab-Japanese ua tsov ua rog ntawm 1905-1907. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, yam tsawg kawg ntawm tag nrho peb cov khub pej xeem paub hais tias yog namesake nkoj ntawm lub series title - lub frigate "Admiral Grigorovich." Muaj tej zaum yuav yog li ntawd vim hais tias cov biography ntawm lub sam xeeb tub rog statesman yog tsis heev raws li notions ntawm Soviet dag txog patriotism.

Los ntawm midshipman rau tus thawj coj rau tub rog ntawm hiav txwv

IK Grigorovich yug nyob rau hauv 1853. Nws tuaj mus rau cov rog raws li ib tug midshipman, ib tug kawm tiav ntawm lub Naval Academy. Paub txog tau tso tseg, rau qhov no yog vim li cas nws, nees nkaum-tsib tub ceev xwm raug xa mus rau North American States nyob rau hauv cov pab pawg neeg ntawm cov kws txawj rau qhov txaus sab uas plaub ships ntawm cov chav kawm ntawv "cruiser", kom nyob rau hauv Philadelphia Shipyards. Tsib xyoos tom qab, nyob rau hauv 1883, Grigorovich los ua tus thawj commander ntawm lub heev coj tus "telltales" tsis los tawm ntawm qhov chaw nres nkoj chaw nres nkoj. Nws ciali, cov hauj lwm tsiv yog tsis zoo heev, tab sis ntse, kev mob siab thiab murmuring tub ceev xwm superiors pom. Raws li los ntawm ob peb translations, cov kev pab cuam los ua ntau yooj yim, tab sis interesting.

Admiral lub hmoo

Thaum kawg ntawm lub XIX xyoo pua, nws ua hauj lwm pab raws li ib tug tub rog hiav txwv attaché nyob rau hauv London, thiab nyob rau hauv 1904 tau txais ib tug tshiab lub sij hawm mus rau lub post ntawm commander ntawm lub naval puag ntawm chaw nres nkoj Arthur, uas tuaj txog rau ntawm tus choj "Tsarevich" zaug. Thaum lub sij hawm lub Japanese siege IK Grigorovich qhia nws tus kheej nrog lub zoo tshaj plaws tes, muaj peev xwm muab tag nrho cov tsim nyog tiv thaiv. Txij li thaum 1911, Vice Admiral occupies tus ncej ntawm Minister ntawm lub Imperial Lavxias teb sab Navy. Nws designs tau pom lawv txoj kev loj hlob tom qab 1917. Tag nrho cov nkoj tua rog Soviet Russia, ib feem peb ntawm yeeb ncuab, cruisers thiab ze li ntawm ib nrab floated ua ntej tsov rog los ntawm Grigorovich tsim Modernization cov kev pab cuam. Admiral nws tus kheej, txawm li cas los, tsis kam txais lub Bolshevik tsoom fwv, nyob tom qab lub kiv puag ncig, lub Fabkis Riviera, nyob qhov twg - tom qab rau xyoo ntawm exile - nws tuag nyob rau hauv 1930.

Kawg so qhov chaw ntawm lub ashes ntawm lub sam xeeb Lavxias teb sab xeev thiab lub naval daim duab attained nyob rau hauv 2005. Raws li qhov yuav ntawm tus tuag lawm, nws raug faus nyob rau hauv lub tsev neeg tsev ceev nyiaj nyob rau ntawm St. Nicholas tojntxas ntawm St. Petersburg.

tsos nkoj

Qhovntsej thiaj tsis mob "Admiral Grigorovitch" dej rau Lub peb hlis ntuj 14, muaj ib co kev ncua tshwm sim los ntawm cov huab cua. Lub ceremony twb tau mus kawm los ntawm tus poj-tub xeeb ntxwv Artyom Moskovchenko naval commander, thiab nws tus ntxhais xeeb ntxwv Olga Petrova, uas yeej thiab cov tsoos raj mis ntawm champagne rau tus kav. Yog li ntawd thawj lub sij hawm tau ntsib nrog lub hiav txwv tsis nkoj "Admiral Grigorovich." Duab yog tej no tseem ceeb lub sij hawm ntawd. Muaj tsis muaj tsis ntseeg tias cov paub txog nqis naval coj nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm lub tsev lub teb chaws kov los ntawm nws xeeb leej xeeb ntxwv.

Raws li cov txheeb ze, nws yawg yog lub taub hau ntawm ib tug nruj, nws yuav tau soj ntsuam txhua yam, los kav rau siab tawv, ua ntej ua ib tug frigate. Grigorovich, thaj, kuv yuav txaus siab rau lub txiaj ntsim ntawm tus tshuaj ntsuam xyuas. Lub nkoj tuaj rau koob meej. Thaum tau txais lub zoo tshaj plaws zoo ntawm yav tas los tej yaam num, qhov no multi-purpose tsheb mas yuav kis tau tshiab zog yam ntxwv ntawm feem ntau niaj hnub kuaj ntawm marine riam phom. Nws underwater nkhaus muab zoo heev navigability, thiab cov vaj tse nyob thiab superstructure ua siv technology ntawm tsawg visibility. Cov khoom raws li cov heev tseeb technology thiab electronics. Nws zoo nkaus li zoo frigate "Admiral Grigorovich," impressive, niaj hnub thiab dynamic.

Lub hom phiaj ntawm lub nkoj

Txhua warship ua nrog ib lub hom phiaj, ua heev kev pab raws qib. Qhov no hom ntawm riam phom yog txawv los ntawm lwm yam ntau heev nqi thiab lub tsev nws tus kheej, thiab nws cov tom ntej lub lag luam.

Frigate Project 11356 "Admiral Grigorovich," tsim los tshwj kom txhob lub luag hauj nyob rau hauv lub Mediterranean phiab, thiab qhov chaw ntawm nws lub tsev los ntawm cov nyuam npaj nroog ntawm Lavxias teb sab yeeb koob - Sevastopol. Dub hiav txwv Fleet nyob rau hauv kev xav tau ntawm cov niaj hnub ships, lub zog NATO ua si nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam yuav tsum teb. Txawm li cas los, sawv ntsug-nyob ib leeg deb (li tsib txhiab leej nautical mais) tso cai thiab mus tshaj lub delineated tsam saib xyuas, rau piv txwv, mus tua nrog cov pirates, raws li zoo raws li nyob rau hauv lwm yam extraordinary mob. Paub tab uas yuav daws tau qhov no kawg "Admiral Grigorovich," heev ntau haiv neeg. Nws yog tau ntse thaum nws ib tug torpedo, huab cua thiab missile tawm tsam, muaj ua kom chim lub hostile ua. Riam phom nyob rau hauv board, txaus mus ntaus tej underwater los yog saum toj no-dej lub hom phiaj, nrog rau aircraft muaj Tonnage ships.

riam phom complex

Lub ntsiab nkoj riam phom - launchers "Calibre-NK" rau cruise cuaj luaj "Onyx" (3M-54TE). Yim ntawm lawv, qhov no yog ib tug heev loj systems uas yog tau ntaus ib yam khoom ntawm lub hiav txwv thiab rau daim av. Nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no lawv tsis muaj analogues.

Yuav kom tiv thaiv tau tawm tsam los ntawm cov huab cua nkoj "Admiral Grygorovych" muaj ob tug huab cua tiv thaiv systems, hu ua "Calm 1" (nyob rau hauv lub arsenal ntawm guided cuaj luaj 36) thiab "Palash". Tus thawj ntawm cov - lub foob pob ua ntxaij multi-channel, uas txhais tau tias koj yuav muaj nyob rau thiab ntaus ob peb lub hom phaj ib txhij. Qhov thib ob yog ib tug high-kev ua tau zoo foob pob ua ntxaij-artillery complex, raws li zoo raws li ob tug "Dirk" system, kuj lub luag hauj lwm rau txoj kev ruaj ntseg ntawm lub airspace. Ob chav A-190 structurally muaj lub feem ntau sai-firing phom nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no ntawm lub caliber ntawm 100 hli. Ob tug TA haum txhua tus peb 533-hli torpedo. Ua kom tiav cov haib tiv thaiv lub sij hawm-mus soj ntsuam foob pob ua ntxaij mortars RBU-6000. Thiab, ntawm chav kawm, 11356 frigate "Admiral Grigorovich," raws li tej niaj hnub saib xyuas nkoj, yog tsis muaj nws tus kheej tis nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug Ka-31 nyoob hoom qav taub (siv cov Ka-27, PL).

Tsawg visibility

Niaj hnub no, nyob rau hauv lub disguise tsis to taub tsuas yog tus coloring nyob rau hauv camouflage xim, uas saib kuas nyiaj pab ntau tshaj secrecy nyob rau tom qab ntawm hiav txwv dej thiab lub ntuj. Nws tseem yog tsim nyog, pom tau qhov sib nrhiav kom tau ib yam ntawm cov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws txoj kev uas txawj ntse, tab sis tseem ceeb yuav tsum tau pom tsis tau radar ntawm tej yeeb ncuab. radar hauv paus ntsiab lus yog tib yam li hais tias thaum lub kaj ntug ntawm nws cov invention. Reflected electron nqaj high-zaus qhia qhov chaw ntawm tag nrho cov khoom, towering saum toj no lub hiav txwv theem. Yuav kom txo tau cov visibility, nws tseem tau mus ua nyob rau hauv ob txoj kev: redirect particle txaus mus rau lwm yam sab los yog nqus tawg. Ua ke, cov kev ntsuas tau npe hu ua "Stealth Technology". Frigate Project 11356 "Admiral Grigorovich," thiab, ntawm chav kawm, tag nrho cov tom ntej ships ntawm no series muaj ib tug uas tsis muaj kos npe rau locators tej zaum tus yeeb ncuab. Tiav yog ib tug tshwj xeeb daim ntawv ntawm cov vaj tse, nrog ntaem, muaj raws ntawm du, tshwj xeeb absorber txheej thiab hluav taws xob khoom, hampering nkoj nrhiav kom tau los ntawm radar. Lub ib thooj ntawm cov riam phom thiab cov khoom muab zais qab ib tug shielding chaw. Ntawm cov hoob kawm, kiag li pom tsis tau radar nkoj yuav tsis ua li cas, tab sis mus nrhiav nyob rau hauv lub hiav txwv frigate "Grigorovich" yuav ua tau heev yooj yim.

modules

Raws li cov pa nkoj technology nws yog pw nyob rau hauv lub stocks, ces ua los ntawm lub hauv qab mus nkaus. Yog li ntawd ships tau ua txij ancient sij hawm. Tab sis technology muaj ib tug sib txawv dog dig nyob rau hauv lub xyoo caum kawg. nws yuav siv sij hawm mus rau hauv tus account qhov yuav tsum tau rau ceev ceev Modernization thiab installation ntawm tshiab khoom, tej zaum kuj tua. Lub tsev nyob yuav ua lub tsev nyob rau hauv qhov chaw, yog li ntawd, yog hais tias muaj yog ib tug yuav tsum tau rau undocking, nws yuav tsis ua kev teeb meem. Cov kev siv ntawm lub frigate "Admiral Grigorovich," ua nyob rau hauv ib tug modular txoj kev, lub siab heev tshaj plaws rau hnub tim. Lub nkoj muaj ib tug cia tej zaum ntawm Modernization, uas tso cai rau hloov tej yam ntshav los ntawm cov powertrain mus rau lub qhov hluav taws xob khoom.

Indian frigate

State enterprise cog "Yantar" tau muaj txij thaum lub 1945 yeej. Nyob rau hauv lub German Königsberg yog tus shipyard "Sheehan," uas ua lub hauv paus ntawm lub nkoj ntau lawm tom qab tsov rog, thaum lub nroog los ua tus Soviet Baltic. Thaum lub sij hawm lub hav zoov ntawm cov nroj tsuag yog floated ntau tshaj ib puas ships, feem ntau cov tub rog.

Txij li thaum 2007, commissioned los ntawm cov Indian tsoom fwv nyob rau hauv lub Baltic cog ua ib tug tshwj xeeb kev txiav txim: tsim ships rau lub Navy ntawm tus phooj ywg lub teb chaws. Peb tes num yog tib yam li 11356, los ntawm cov uas tsim lub frigate "Admiral Grigorovich." Qhov txawv, txawm li cas los, yog qhov tseem ceeb. Cov hom caij nyob rau hauv ob lub "kwvtij" yog lub cev, thiab ntau khoom thiab riam phom. Indian frigates yog armed nrog missile systems "Brahmos", nrog ntsug launchers.

Seaworthiness Lavxias teb sab ships yog li ntawd, txaus siab cov neeg muas zaub uas lawv tau qhia lawv lub siab xav mus tsim lawv tus kheej, yuav los ntawm cov kev cov ntaub ntawv. Lawv pab qhia ntawv pab nyob rau hauv lub moj khaum ntawm cov tub rog kev koom tes qhov kev pab cuam. Lub npe ntawm cov thawj plaub frigates ntawm lub Indian series - "Talwar", "Tarkash", "Trikand" thiab "tag".

Lub complex EW

Hauv rog nrog tus yeeb ncuab sib txuas lus thiab kev tswj tau tam sim no ua lub ntsiab lub hom phiaj, qhov zoo tshuaj uas zoo guarantees kov yeej tej yeeb ncuab. 11356 no kawg "Admiral Grigorovich," armed nrog plaub roob ris PC-10 "siab tawv." Cov desyatistvolnye installation zoo li foob pob ua ntxaij mortars, tab sis qhov teeb meem yog lawv muaj lwm. Es tsis txhob ncaj qha defeat yeeb ncuab ships lawv tsim zoo li uas yuav ua kev puas lub electronics ntawm tus yeeb ncuab cov neeg ua hauj. Tawm txim liab cuam tsis pub tus yeeb ncuab fleet lub caij rau cov ntaub ntawv sib koom, blinding radar, yuav coj cov huab cua kws muaj txuj ci.

Control tshuab shooting

Ntev ploj mus yog cov hnub thaum raug rho tawm haujlwm "los ntawm qhov muag". Txawm sophisticated scopes tsis siav yuav tsum sailors vim lub brevity ntawm qhov teeb meem no nyob rau hauv lub maritime arena ntawm cov tub rog txiav txim. Kev txiav txim siab los qhib hluav taws - lub prerogative ntawm lub commander, thiab los xam qhov tsis muaj cov kev txhaj tshuaj neeg coob trusts automation. Lub nkoj "Admiral Grigorovich," muaj hwj chim loj onboard xam systems uas yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ceev kev tshoov siab ntawm qhov riam phom mus rau lub hom phiaj. Cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm lub "Puma" radar, missile xa koom nyob rau hauv kev tswj system "Vympel" 123-02, thiab yog lub luag hauj lwm rau lub torpedo putts "Purga-11356".

Qhov luaj li cas thiab muaj pes tsawg tus

Hais txog qhov luaj li cas ntawm ships yog txiav txim los ntawm lub xaav. "Admiral Grigorovich" - saib xyuas nkoj, thiab yog li ntawd nws yuav tsum tsis txhob yuav raws li loj raws li ib tug aircraft carrier. Nws txo yog me me, mus txog 7.5 meters, uas yog muaj raws li tus yam ntxwv ntawm cov dub hiav txwv, uas yog ntiav nyob rau hauv ntau qhov chaw. Xaav yog hais txog plaub txhiab tons, uas yog tsis hais txog cov loj loj. Piv txwv li, ib tug cruiser "Petr Veliky", nws nce mus txog 25 thous. Tons.

Frigate "Admiral Grigorovich": yees duab thiab proportions

Frigates - loj ships, tab sis tsis yog tus biggest. Qhov no yog qhov guarantee ntawm lawv maneuverability, ceev thiab stealth. Txawm li cas los, me ntsis tsis tau hu ua ib tug no kawg "Admiral Grigorovich." Cov duab los ntawm lub Navy tus xovxwm kev pab cuam, eloquently qhia heev ntev (125 meters). Lub tsev nyob yog elongated, lub nkoj, raws li nws twb "compressed" nyob rau sab, uas qhia nws propulsion. Cov fais fab nroj tsuag muaj ob roj turbines, accelerates tus txog ntsha mus txog 30 pob caus ntawd, thiab nyob rau hauv lub afterburner hom - txawm sai.

Cov neeg coob muaj 18 tub ceev xwm, 142 sailors thiab nees nkaum Marines, ib tug tag nrho ntawm 180 cov neeg. Tswj xws li ib tug complex spacecraft, zoo li lub frigate "Admiral Grigorovich," yuav tsum tau ib theem siab ntawm kev cob qhia, coherence thiab cohesion. Team, nws yuav tsuas yuav muaj tseeb cov tub txawg uas hlub lub hiav txwv thiab, ntawm chav kawm, nws teb koj chaw.