Culture thiab kos duab rau ntawm tus thawj ib nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th luv luv

Ib tug zoo kev nkag siab ntawm lub keeb kwm kev ntawm hauv thawj ib nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th yuav tau nrhiav los ntawm paintings ntawm lub sij hawm thiab nyeem cov feem ntau nthuav txawj tej hauj lwm ntawm lawv contemporaries. Peb mus zoo nyob rau hauv ib tug me me digression.

Culture thiab kos duab rau ntawm tus thawj ib nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th: ib txoj kev

Thaum lub lem ntawm lub xyoo pua nyob rau hauv European kab lis kev cai prevailed decadence - nws yog ib tug ntau ntawm txawv tsis sib haum currents uas tsis muaj lwm tus nyob rau hauv ntau. Culture thiab kos duab rau ntawm tus thawj ib nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th, muaj ob lub ntsiab qhov chaw:

• Niaj hnub nimno (Fabkis -. Art Nouveau, nws -. Art Nouveau).
• Modernism.

Cov thawj yug los nyob rau hauv lub xyoo caum kawg ntawm lub xyoo pua puv 19 thiab maj mus nyob qhovtwg li nrog pib ntawm lub thawj lub ntiaj teb ua tsov ua rog (nyob rau hauv 1914).

Modernism - yog ib qho kev nthuav kev taw qhia ntawm lub caij puv 19 - thaum ntxov 20th caug xyoo. Yog li ntawd nplua nuj nyob rau hauv masterpieces ntawm painting thiab duab, uas yog muab faib mus rau hauv nyias muaj nyias kev khiav ntawm cov yam ntxwv nta.

Culture thiab kos duab rau ntawm tus thawj ib nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th - no lub npe tsis yog ib tug qhuab qhia, tswv yim one-Impressionist ntxias yuav kawm tau ib tug lub neej. Peb tseem ua ib qho los tham txog qhov no nthuav phenomenon luv luv. Ua ntej peb muab tus yam ntxwv ob tug loj cheeb tsam: tiam no thiab modernism. Yog tsis muaj lawv, kab lis kev cai thiab kos duab rau ntawm tus thawj ib nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th yog unthinkable. Tom ntej no, tsiv mus rau cov ntaub ntawv thiab xinesmas.

Niaj hnub nimno: xwm - ib qhov chaw ntawm inexhaustible kev tshoov siab

Lub npe los ntawm cov kev taw qhia ntawm Fabkis lo lus "MODERNE", uas txhais tau tias "niaj hnub". Qhov no sib nyob rau hauv lub American, European thiab Lavxias teb sab kos duab nyob rau hauv lub lem ntawm 19-20 centuries. Modernism yog feem ntau tsis meej pem nrog modernism, txawm hais tias nws yog fundamentally sib txawv tej yam uas muaj me ntsis ua nrog txhua lwm yam. Peb sau cov yus nta ntawm no style of art:

• nrhiav kev tshoov siab rau hauv qhov thiab lub ntiaj teb no nyob ib ncig ntawm lawv;
• tsis muaj ntse kab;
• faded, muted tones;
• hniav, airiness;
• lub xub ntiag ntawm lub paintings ntawm cov ntsiab ntawm cov xwm: ntoo, grasses thiab lov tas vau.

Yuav kom to taub li cas niaj hnub, yooj yim, ntsia lub architecture ntawm European lub zos nyob rau hauv no style. Namely - lub vaj tse thiab cathedrals Gaudi nyob rau hauv Barcelona. Cov peev ntawm Catalonia tau attracted ib tug xov tooj ntawm tourists yog vim nws cov cim architecture. Lub décor yog txawv vaj tse upland, asymmetry, thiab lightness. Sagrada Familia (Sagrada Familia) - qhov no yog qhov feem ntau cov tawm project ntawm tus poj Antonio Gaudi.

Tom ntej no, xav txog lub chaw ua hauj lwm ntawm European ntxias uas tsim lawv paintings nyob rau hauv lub Art Nouveau style. Mus piv rau qhov kev nkag siab ntawm cov ntaub ntawv uas muab ib tug me me lub rooj.

Niaj hnub nimno ntxias

Nouveau kev taw qhia	artist tus neeg sawv cev
painting	Gauguin, Klimt
graphics	Beardsley
Banners thiab zog	Toulouse-Lautrec

modernism

Yog vim li cas yog no sib yuav tau originated, los yeej muaj cov kev hlub ntawm cov neeg tuaj saib thiab muab ib tug pib mus rau lub kev loj hlob ntawm tej nthuav tiam sis zoo li surrealism thiab futurism?

Vim hais tias modernism yog ib tug kiv puag ncig nyob rau hauv kos duab. Nws cia li sawv raws li ib tug tawm tsam tiv thaiv cov outdated sawv ntawm realism.

Creative neeg tab tom nrhiav rau cov tshiab txoj kev qhia thiab sawv cev ntawm kev muaj tiag. Nyob rau hauv modernism nws muaj nws tus kheej cov yam ntxwv nta peculiar tsuas rau nws:

• siab lub luag hauj lwm ntawm lub puab ntiaj teb no ntawm tus txiv neej;
• nrhiav tshiab thiab tswv yim;
• tseem ceeb heev yog muab rau tus muaj tswv yim kev xav;
• Literature txhawb spiritualisation tib neeg;
• lub rov tshwm sim ntawm tswvyim hais ua dabneeg.

Culture thiab kos duab rau ntawm tus thawj ib nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th: lub duab ntawm ntau yam kev ntxias yuav kawm nyob rau hauv lub tom ntej no ob seem.

Nthuav modernist zog

Yuav ua li cas yog lawv? Amazing: koj yuav muaj kev cuam tshuam rau lawv thiab lossi discovering ib yam dab tsi tshiab. Culture thiab kos duab rau ntawm tus thawj ib nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th, yuav tsum luv luv piav hauv qab no.

Peb yuav tsis tsim txom thiab yuav muab cov lus qhia nyob rau hauv lub feem ntau cos daim ntawv - nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib lub rooj. Lub sab laug yuav muaj lub npe ntawm artistic currents, txoj cai - nws tus yam ntxwv.

Culture thiab kos duab rau ntawm tus thawj ib nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th: ib lub rooj

Thawj modernist zog

Lub npe ntawm cov chav kawm	feature
surrealism	Lub apotheosis ntawm tus tib neeg lub tswv yim. Paradoxical ua ke ntawm ntau yam ntaub ntawv.
impressionism	Nws originated nyob rau Fabkis, thiab ces kis ib ncig ntawm lub ntiaj teb no. Impressionists tshaj tawm hauv xov ib ncig ntawm lub ntiaj teb no nyob rau hauv nws cov variability.
expressionism	Ntxias nrhiav kom qhia nyob rau hauv cov duab ntawm lawv txoj kev xav hauv lub xeev, los ntawm kev ntshai rau kev zoo siab.
futurism	Tus thawj cov tswv yim sawv nyob rau hauv Russia thiab nyob rau hauv ltalis. Futurists nyob rau hauv nws duab expertly dhau cov lus tsa suab, lub zog thiab ceev.
cubism	Cov paintings muaj ib tug fanciful geometric duab nyob rau hauv ib lub muaj pes tsawg leeg.

Culture thiab kos duab rau ntawm tus thawj ib nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th (Rooj 9 class) qhia cov theem pib paub rau lub npe.

Ib tug los ze zog saib Impressionism thiab Surrealism raws li ib tug lub zog uas tau coj cov kos duab nyob rau hauv ib tug fundamentally tswv yim tshiab.

Surrealism: lub insane creativity los yog ntse heev?

Yog ib tug ntawm cov modernist currents sawv nyob rau hauv 1920 nyob rau hauv Fabkis.

Kawm ua hauj lwm ntawm lub Surrealists, ib tug qub neeg feem ntau xav txog lawv cov kev puas siab ntsws. Feem ntau ntawm cov ntxias nyob rau hauv no coj tau zoo heev tsim nyog cov neeg.

Ces ua li cas lawv tswj kom kos li txawv txawv cov duab? Cov tag nrho taw tes ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas thiab lub siab xav mus hloov lub neej ntawd txoj kev xav. rau surrealist kos duab yog ib txoj kev ntawm kev zam los ntawm cov kev cai. Surrealist duab ua ke nrog rau cov kev muaj tiag ntawm ib tug npau suav. Ntxias ua los ntawm peb cov kev cai:

1. so nco qab;
2. noj cov dluab ntawm lub subconscious;
3. yog hais tias tus thawj ob lub ntsiab lus ua tsis tau tejyam, lawv coj li tus txhuam.

To taub yuav ua li cas lawv pleev xim rau xws li ib tug duab-muaj nuj nqis, nws yog ib qhov nyuaj. Ib assumption yog hais tias lub surrealists fond ntawm Freud lub tswv yim txog kev npau suav. Ob - nyob rau kev siv ntawm tej yam tshuaj uas hloov nco qab. Qhov twg yog qhov tseeb - nws tsis yog tseeb. Wb cia li txaus siab rau lub kos duab, tsis hais ntawm qhov kev tshwm sim. Hauv qab no yog ib daim duab "Moos" legendary Salvador Dali.

Impressionism nyob rau hauv painting

Impressionism - lwm txoj kab ntawm modernism, lub birthplace - Fabkis ...

Paintings ntawm no style yog txawv highlights, cov kev ua si ntawm lub teeb thiab qaim xim. Ntxias nrhiav ntes rau canvas tiag tiag ntiaj teb no nyob rau hauv nws cov variability thiab muaj. Ntawm Impressionist paintings nyob rau hauv lub txiv neej pab txoj kev mus ob peb vas, yog li lawv yog cov tseem ceeb heev thiab kaj.

Ntxias ntawm no tsis tau tsa tej philosophical teeb meem - lawv tsuas kos uas lawv tau pom. Yog li puas tau nws masterfully, siv ntau hom tswv yim thiab ib tug kaj palette ntawm cov xim.

Literature los ntawm Classicism rau existentialism

Culture thiab kos duab rau ntawm tus thawj ib nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th - ib tug tshiab qauv nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv uas hloov neeg lub siab. Qhov teeb meem no yog zoo li nrag Classicism tshaj plaws ntawm yav dhau los, muab txoj kev mus rau lub tshiab tiam sis ntawm modernism.

Nws yog instrumental nyob rau hauv xws li ib nthuav "foundations" nyob rau hauv cov ntawv nyeem, xws li:

• sab hauv monologue;
• kwj nco qab;
• nyob deb lub koom haum;
• lub peev xwm ntawm tus sau los saib kuv tus kheej los ntawm cov sab nraum (muaj peev xwm mus nrog lawv tham txog nws tus kheej nyob rau hauv lub thib peb tus neeg);
• irrealism.

Tshiab tiam sis nyob rau hauv cov ntawv nyeem ntawm lub thawj ib nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th

Lub npe qhia	sau phau ntawv
kev Romanticism	Galsworthy, Mann, Belle
surrealism	Eluard, Aragon
existentialism	Kafka, Rilke
Lub modernist prose	Dzheyms Dzhoys

Irlansky txawj sau ntawv Dzheyms Dzhoys yog thawj siv xws li kev sau ntawv pab kiag li lawm raws li sab hauv monologue thiab ib tug parody.

Franz Kafka - ib tug muaj koob Austrian txawj sau ntawv, founder ntawm lub tam sim no existentialism nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv. Txawm tias muaj tseeb hais tias thaum lub sij hawm nws lub neej nws tej hauj lwm tsis tau ua sai tej yam txaus siab ntawm cov txawj nyeem ntawv, nws yog pom zoo raws li ib tug ntawm qhov zoo tshaj plaws sau ntawv ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th.

Nws ua hauj lwm los ntawm lub tragic txheej xwm ntawm lub ntiaj teb ua ntej ua tsov ua rog. Nws sau tau ib tug heev sib sib zog nqus thiab zog ua hauj lwm, uas qhia tib neeg impotence thaum confronted nrog lub absurdity ntawm kev muaj tiag. Tus sau yog tsis deprived ntawm ib tug txiav txim zoo ntawm kev lom zem, tab sis yog nws muaj ib tug heev thiab dub.

Peb ceeb toom hais tias Kafka osmyslennnoe nyeem ntawv yuav pab txo cov mus ob peb vas. Nyeem tus sau ntawm qhov zoo tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv ib tug zoo mus ob peb vas thiab ib tug me ntsis ntawm abstracting los ntawm nws tu siab heev xav. Nyob rau hauv lub kawg, nws piav txog xwb lub zeem muag ntawm kev muaj tiag. Kafka nto moo tshaj plaws ua hauj lwm - "txheej txheem".

xinesmas

Funny ntsiag to films - yog tseem kab lis kev cai thiab kos duab rau ntawm tus thawj ib nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th, raws li lawv nyeem ntxiv.

Tsis muaj lwm yam art daim ntawv no, nrog raws li sai raws li cov xinesmas. movie creation technology yog tswvcuab rau hauv lub lig puv 19 xyoo pua tau: cia li 50 xyoo nws muaj peev xwm hloov ib tug heev thiab yeej lub siab lub ntsws ntawm lab ntawm cov neeg.

Tus thawj films tau tsim nyob rau hauv lub advanced lub teb chaws, xws li nyob rau hauv Russia.

Chiv, zaj duab xis yog dub thiab dawb thiab tsis muaj suab. Lub ntsiab lus ntawm uas ntsiag to movies yog mus rau cov hloov ntaub ntawv los ntawm lub zog thiab ntsej muag kab zauv ntawm lub lam.

Rau cov thawj lub sij hawm ib tug yeeb yam nrog lam hais lus muaj nyob rau hauv 1927. Cov American lub tuam txhab "Uorner Brazers" txiav txim siab rau tso cov zaj duab xis "Tus Jazz Singer", thiab nws yog ib tug twb tau tag nrho cov yeeb yam nrog suab.

Lavxias teb sab xinesmas kuj tsis sawv tseem. Tus thawj kev vam meej project yog tus zaj duab xis "Don Cossacks". Txawm li cas los, censorship nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab films kuj muaj qhov chaw yuav tsum tau: nyob rau hauv qhov txiav npluav tau shooting lub tsev teev ntuj ceremonies thiab cov muaj koob muaj npe tsev neeg.

Ib tug tshwj xeeb theem nyob rau hauv txoj kev loj hlob ntawm lub teb chaws xinesmas pib tom qab lub Bolsheviks tuaj rau lub hwj chim. Cov comrades sai sai pom tau hais tias xinesmas yuav ua tau ntau tshaj li kev lom zem, tab sis kuj yog ib tug loj kev dag ua tsov rog.

Lub nto moo tshaj plaws Soviet thawj coj 30s ua Sergey Eyzenshteyn. Tej hauj lwm xws li "Battleship Potemkin" thiab "Alexander Nevsky", tau ntev txij li thaum ua ib tug classic. Kyiv thawj coj Alexander Dovzhenko kuj mus txog lub heights nyob rau hauv cov zaj duab xis. Cov feem ntau cov tawm kev ua hauj lwm - lub zaj duab xis "ntiaj teb".

Ib tug interesting npe rau kev sib tham ntawm cov neeg laus - nws yog ib lub kab lis kev cai thiab kos duab rau ntawm tus thawj ib nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th. Qib 9 muab truncated cov ntaub ntawv uas sai sai disappears ntawm lub taub hau. Yuav kom sau no kis yuav ua tau nws tus kheej-qhia.