Cov kab lis kev cai ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th raws li ib tug counter sab ntsuj plig thiab materiality

Piv rau yav dhau los eras, lub kab lis kev cai ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th muaj ib tug extraordinary flowering. Cov tau thiab qhov tob ntawm tus tshiab discoveries nyob rau hauv yuav luag tag nrho cov teb ntawm cov kos duab (science, ntaub ntawv, painting thiab thiaj li nyob.) Puas stunning. Txawm li cas los, nrog cov emergence ntawm ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm kev tshawb fawb, cov haiv neeg los ua ntau thiab ntau cov ntaub ntawv uas. Ib tug Master of Education, nyob rau hauv lem, yog heev tag kev cia siab nrog lub fact tias cov tib neeg tau hloov nws ntawm sab ntsuj plig tseem ceeb rau hauv lub tiag tiag, ua tsis tau to taub lub ntiaj teb no thiab lawv tus kheej.
Cov kev loj hlob ntawm science tau coj mus rau lub fact tias kev txawj ntse tau los ua dav faib los ntawm pej xeem lectures thiab periodicals. Lub rov tshwm sim ntawm tej yam ntuj tso kev kawm revolutionized cov kev nkag siab ntawm feem ntau ntawm cov philosophical theories, uas yog vim li cas cov followers ntawm Marxism thiab materialism los ua tsawg tsawg. Yog li, lub kab lis kev cai ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th radically hloov nws tus nqi nyob rau hauv lub tshav pob ntawm sab ntsuj plig.

Ib txhia muaj tswv yim neeg tau tuaj mus rau saib nyob rau hauv nws tej hauj lwm, kev pom thiab txoj kev xav ntawm tus neeg hu khiav los ntawm npub kev muaj tiag rau hauv kev npau suav thiab mysticism. Qhov no qauv nyob rau hauv kos duab hu ua decadence. Kuj muaj lwm tshiab sib - modernism, uas yog pom zoo rau cov classical aesthetic kev ntawm noob neej, raws li tus sau lub subjective xaav. Nws lub hom phiaj yog lub siab xav rau experimentation, innovation muaj hnub lub kev possibilities. Cuaj kaum, ib co sau phau ntawv mus tshaj no thiab ceeb toom cov txawj nyeem ntawv txog cov kev piam sij ntawm tus txiv neej-ua lub ntiaj teb no. Modernism yog ib tug yooj yim zog thiab muaj ob peb cheeb tsam (futurism, symbolism, etc.), Lawv yog tsis kam muab qhov muaj tiag art. Tab sis peb tsis tau hais tias cov kab lis kev cai ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th nkaus ceased ua raws li cov kev cai. Ib feem ntawm cov kos duab tseem ncaj ncees rau realism, uas yog tiag tiag thiab profoundly txog cov lub complex keeb kwm ntawm lub teb chaws. Lwm yam tiam sis kuj pom zoo rau modernism, tiv thaiv cov laus tej ntsiab cai. Txuas ntxiv nws ua hauj lwm thiab cov poj masters ntawm cov lo lus, xws li Chekhov, Tolstoy, Gorky. No thiab lwm yam nuj nqis ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th kab lis kev cai tau ua ib tug tseem ceeb pab rau classical ntaub ntawv.

Modernism sawv nyob rau hauv lub visual arts. Vim li no, muaj ib tug xav paub ntau tshaj - "avant-garde". Nws characterizes qhov sib txawv tiam sis thiab cov tsev kawm ntawv uas yog pom zoo rau cov tsoos cai thiab cov kev tswj (ntawm txoj kev zoo nkauj, cov xim, cov zajlus), cuag ib tug niaj hnub thiab thawj. Cov tsav tsheb quab yuam qab lawv yog innovation thiab daim ntawv rov ntxiv.

Lub suab paj nruas kab lis kev cai ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th, dhau lawm, tau undergone ib co kev hloov, ceev, Txawm li cas los, ib co laaj nrog classical music. Tus muaj zog txaus siab nyob rau hauv sab ntsuj plig twb qhia composers (Rimsky-Korsakov, Rachmaninoff, Scriabin) nyob rau hauv lub lyricism ntawm lawv tej hauj lwm. Rapprochement nrog lub haiv neeg ntawm lwm lub teb chaws maj tsim ib tug kiag li tshiab kev coj.

Nyob rau hauv dav dav, lub kab lis kev cai ntawm Russia nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov 20th xyoo pua yog ib tug complex philosophical quest uas tau tso tawm nyob rau hauv heev heev dej tsaws ntxhee, txhua tus uas muab tso rau pem hauv ntej rau nws tus kheej pom ntawm lub ntiaj teb no thiab nws cov hom phiaj.