Cia peb nco ntsoov cov zaj lus qhia ntawm Lavxias teb sab lus: npe xaus

Tag nrho cov tsev kawm ntawv xyoo dhau nyob rau hauv lub Lavxias teb sab lus lub ntsiab "tus" thiab paub txog qhov xaus ntawm nouns, yog hais tias tsis tag nrho, yuav luag txhua yam. Ib tug neeg nco ntsoov zaj lus qhia, ib co tsis yog li ntawd, tab sis yuav luag txhua peb tsis muaj cov ntaub ntawv tag nrho. Koj puas paub tias lub tsev kawm ntawv thiab lub tsev kawm ntawv morphology kev pab cuam txawv tshuam? Nws yuav zoo li, zoo li cas yuav muaj ib tug txawv? Tab sis, cuaj kaum, nws yog. Peb yuav tsis delve rau hauv txoj kev kawm, cia li nco ntsoov li cas ib tug noun, thiab lub luag hauj lwm ua si los ntawm tus kawg ntawm npe.

Yuav ua li cas yog ib tus?

Lub noun yog ib feem ntawm kev hais lus, qhia cov kev kawm (substance), thiab qhia nws tus nqi nrog lub inflectional pawg ntawm cov ntaub ntawv thiab tus xov tooj, raws li zoo raws li lub qeb neslovoizmenitelnoy zoo.

Npe yuav lub npe khoom nyob rau hauv lub sab siab ntawm lo lus:

• tej yam (qhov rais, cov phab ntsa, ris);
• qhov chaw (ib tug neeg, txiv neej, poj niam);
• tshuaj yeeb dej caw (piam thaj, hmoov, mis nyuj);
• nyob creatures thiab cov kab mob (ib tug aub, ib tug pike, ib tug kab mob, ib tug kab mob);
• tseeb, txheej xwm, phenomena (sib tham, ua si, kev ntshai, kev tu siab).

Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, nws muaj peev xwm muab cov npe cais tshuaj nrog cov txheej txheem thiab uas tsis yog-txheej txheem yam ntxwv. Cov no yog cov zoo, cov khoom los yog kev ua ub no, raws li zoo raws li cov txheej txheem kev saib xeev: ruam, siab dawb siab zoo, tshuaj, khiav, xiav.

End of npe

Raws li twb tau hais, lub noun muaj lub inflectional pawg ntawm cov ntaub ntawv. Case - ib qeb lus ncaj qha mus txog rau tus poob. Declination - ib tug kev hloov nyob rau hauv lub xov tooj thiab ob tog. Grammatically, qhov kev hloov no manifests nws tus kheej nyob rau hauv ib feem ntawm cov lo lus, raws li qhov kawg ntawm npe. Tab sis tsis yog txhua txhua ntawm lawv yog cov Attendance inclined: nyob rau hauv txawv npe nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov tib neej no tej zaum yuav muaj ntau txoj. Yuav ua li cas qhia rau peb qhov kawg ntawm lub npe? Hais txog lawv cov teej tug mus rau qhov no los yog hais tias hom inducement. declension hom combines npe ntau kev cai rau cov inflection. Tag nrho peb hom declinations.

thawj declension

Rau cov thawj declension yog yus muaj los ntawm tej kev txiav raws li piv, -N, thaum lub noun yog nyob rau hauv lub nominative zoo tshaj: Av yoj. Yeej, lawv yog cov tag nrho hais txog poj niam, tsuas yog rau ib tug ob peb lo lus (piv txwv li, ib tug txiv ntxawm los yog ib tug me nyuam tub).

thib ob declension

Qhov kawg ntawm tus thib ob declension ntawm npe - -o, -e -e rau neuter: Hiav txwv qhov rais rags. Tsis tas li ntawd ntawm no yog cov npe tsis muaj cov ntaub ntawv txoj masculine: nees, cov lus ntug.

peb declension

Los ntawm no poob muaj xws li npe tsis muaj cov ntaub ntawv xaus ntawm tus poj: nas, rye. Lawm, nyob rau hauv lub zoo tshaj nominative.

Kom thiab ntau npe npe. qeb animateness

Npe yog feeb muab faib ua kom zoo thiab ntau npe. Tus kheej - yog cov neeg uas yog siv rau cov naming ntawm ib tug neeg cov khoom uas tsis tau sau nyob rau hauv ib tug hauv chav kawm ntawv. Nick-hu ua kwv uas cov cab kuj ib co ntawm cov sijhawm yam ntxwv rau ib tug hauv chav kawm ntawv. Animate npe - cov uas yog hu ua nyob quavntsej thiab inanimate, feem - tag nrho lwm yam khoom thiab phenomena. Yog li ntawd peb rov hais dua cov kev cai rau nouns, ib tug me ntsis rov. Thiab tam sim no koj muaj peev xwm hais nrog cog qoob loo uas koj nco ntsoov lub tsev kawm ntawv cov ntaub ntawv kawm ntawm cov Lavxias teb sab lus.