Cataract phais

Cataract yog qhia nyob rau hauv turbidity ntawm lub lens, uas ua rau yus muaj teeb meem loj deterioration uas tsis pom kev. Qhov no ntxhov lub clarity thiab blurring tshwm pom tej khoom. Feem ntau, thaum cataract pib ob lub zeem muag thiab nws yog yuam neeg kom hloov mus rau muaj zog tsom iav. Feem ntau ntawm tus kab mob no muaj feem xyuam rau cov poj niam.

Cov ua rau cataracts yog sib txawv, tshwm sim nyob rau hauv yuam cai ntawm nws lub hwj chim nyob rau hauv lub ntsiab lens poob, poob plig, muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm metabolic dab nyob rau hauv lub cev, raws li zoo li ntshav qab zib. Ntawm cov hoob kawm, feem ntau nws zoo nkaus li ua tem toob los yog ua tem toob cataract. Nws yog thaum lub sij hawm lub sij hawm no pib nce cov kev ceev ntawm lub lens, nws yog considerably pos huab. Tab sis tus kab mob no yuav tshwm sim tau thaum muaj hnub nyoog 50 xyoo.

Muaj yog ib tug hereditary thiab congenital cataract. Nws yuav tshwm sim nyob rau hauv thaum yau. Feem ntau qhov no tshwm sim yog txuam nrog rau cov pathology ntawm lub lens, uas tshwm sim txawm nyob rau hauv lub intrauterine txoj kev loj hlob ntawm lub fetus.

Traumatic cataracts yuav ua tau nyob rau txhua hnub nyoog. Nws tshwm sim los ntawm ib tug los yog tshuaj thermal kub nyhiab, punctures, to los yog tej yam. Heev feem ntau muaj yog ib tug cataract rau hauv thaj av ntawm ua txhaum ntawm lub endocrine qog, xws li cov kev loj hlob ntawm cov ntshav qab zib. Qhov no daim ntawv ntawm cataract nyob rau hauv cov me nyuam thiab cov tub ntxhais hluas. Nws loj zuj zus sai heev thiab yog feem ntau ob sab sib dho. Nws yus muaj los ntawm ib tug ncaj thaum ntxov hloov nyob rau hauv lub lens vim muaj ib tug ua txhaum ntawm lub kua muag kev tiv thaiv.

Cataract phais yog tau tsuas yog tom qab lub diagnostic kev tshawb fawb uas siv cov keratometry thiab refractometry. Ib tug txiav txim no ces ntsuas nrig txog kev pom acuity thiab intraocular siab, hauv lub xeev ntawm lub retina, raws li zoo raws li kawm lub teb pom kev. Tom qab nqa tawm ib tug diagnostic laij cov kho qhov muag lub hwj chim ntawm cov khoom cua lens, nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav ua tau ib tug tau lub lag luam. Cataract yog curable, thiab tag nrho cov diagnostic kev ntsuam xyuas yog kiag li tsis mob thiab tsis ua kom muaj ntau npaum li cas yooj yim.

Tom qab tus mob yog muab ib lub lag luam rau tshem tawm ib tug cataract. Nws yuav ua tau siv ultrasonic phaco. Qhov no tshem tawm ntawm lub lens ntawm sonication siv epibulbar tshuaj loog. Nws muaj nyob rau hauv hais tias cov thawj lub qhov muag dauv yog muab nrog ib tug ua kom loog rau 20 feeb ua ntej lub lag luam thiab tom qab tus neeg mob tsis tu tsis tseg mus xav tias ib yam dab tsi thoob plaws cataract tshem tawm cov txheej txheem. Lub lag luam kav tsis ntau 12 feeb.

Phais pab kho tej zaum yuav tsum tau nqa tawm nyob rau tshwj xeeb buffet uas tso cai rau koj mus nqa tawm kev ua hauj lwm, txawm rau cov neeg uas muaj impaired licas. Cataract phais yog tau thiab nrog rau cov kev pab los ntawm laser thiab ultrasound. Ib tug lens tshem tawm yog nqa beztravmaticheskim txoj kev, uas yog nrog ib tug me me tej, uas tsis yuav tsum tau sutures tom qab phais.

Lub ntsiab zoo ntawm noiseless lag luam yog hais tias muaj yog tsis muaj yuav tsum tau rau lub hlis mus rau tshem tawm cov nqaws, significantly txo postoperative astigmatism.

Cataract phais yog ua hais txog ntawm lub maturation ntawm lub lens thiab nws hloov yog nqa tawm sai sai thiab tsis muaj txim. Cataract phais nyob rau hauv no yav tas ua rau nws tau mus ua lag luam yog hais tias tus kab mob no yog ua ke nrog lwm yam, xws li post-traumatic lub hloov subluxation lens, retinal dystrophy, hemophthalmus, ntshav qab zib retinopathy, thiab nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm ntau cov kab mob, xws li ntau yam ua xua, ntshav kab mob, mob cancer thiab neurological kab mob, mob ntshav qab zib, mob plawv thiab tawg.

Cataract phais yog tau siv laser thiab lub extraction thaum lub lens yog muab tshem tawm nrog laser zog. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, rau ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub lens muaj ob perpendicular grooves. Cov ntsiav pib tawg mus ua plaub daim. Ces cov chaw uas successively rhuav tshem, thiab ces aspirated los yog kev ntxuav thiab tsau tshuaj. Tom qab tshuaj loog make tunneled corneal incision thiab tig lub lens nucleus. Lub lag luam uas tseem xaus tom qab kaum tsib feeb. Thaum yog harurgicheskoe kev cuam tshuam, cataracts yuav muab tau yooj yim muab tshem tawm los ntawm no me me qhov, yog li ntawd tsis tau pom kom txog rau thaum tam sim no muaj ib tug pib kom pom txig.

Dag lens (los yog IOL) nyob rau hauv nws cov khoom zoo heev rau lub ntuj lens. Txawm li cas los, nws yog ib txhim khu kev qha thiab yuav ua tau nyob rau hauv lub qhov muag ntawm ib tug lub neej. Tam sim no, lub tsev kho mob muaj ib tug ntau ntawm txawv intraocular lens, ob qho tib si txawv teb chaws thiab domestic ntau lawm, uas yuav tsum tau qhia mus rau hauv lub qhov muag los ntawm ib tug tsawg heev incision. Tseem ceeb tshaj, tom qab cov kev taw qhia ntawm lub lens astigmatism yog kiag li tshem tawm, raws li tau zoo raws li yuav raug txo theem nrab cataract. Muaj ntau cov kws kho mob yuav cam hais tias tsis paub qab hau cataracts tshem tawm zuj zus. Thiab thaum ib tug neeg mob ntshav qab zib, yuav muaj teeb meem vim qhov tus ntawm ultrasound rau lub retina, vim hais tias nws yuav ua tau kom retinal detachment thiab ua kom tiav tsis pom. Yog li ntawd, ua ntej cataract phais yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo soj ntsuam nyob rau hauv kev txiav txim kom tsis txhob muaj teeb meem.