Carbon dioxide. Khoom, ntau lawm, daim ntawv thov

Carbon dioxide - tshuaj uas muaj ib tug plurality ntawm lub npe: carbon monoxide (IV), cov pa roj carbon dioxide los yog cov pa roj carbon dioxide. Raws li nws tseem hu ua carbon anhydride. Nws yog kiag li tsis muaj kob pa uas yog ntxhiab, nrog ib tug qaub saj. Carbon dioxide yog hnyav dua huab cua thiab yog tsis zoo soluble nyob rau hauv cov dej. Thaum kub nram qab no - 78 ° C crystallized thiab nws yuav zoo ib yam li daus.

Los ntawm cov gaseous lub xeev uas nws kis tau mus rau hauv lub khoom yeeb tshuaj, vim hais tias nws yuav tsis muaj nyob rau hauv ib lub kua hauv lub xeev ntawm atmospheric siab. Cov kev ceev ntawm carbon dioxide nyob rau hauv ib txwm tej yam kev mob ntawm 1.97 kg / m3 - 1.5 lub sij hawm lub ceev ntawm huab cua. Carbon dioxide nyob rau hauv cov khoom daim ntawv no yog hu ua "cov nab kuab qhuav". Nyob rau hauv kua hauv lub xeev, nyob rau hauv uas nws muaj peev xwm yuav khaws cia rau ib ntev lub sij hawm, nws hais nrog ua siab. Cia peb xav txog cov tshuaj yeeb dej caw thiab nws cov tshuaj qauv.

Carbon dioxide, uas nws mis yog CO2, yog muaj li ntawm cov pa roj carbon thiab oxygen, thiab nws yog tau raws li ib tug tshwm sim ntawm burning los yog lwj ntawm cov organic tshuaj. Carbon monoxide muaj nyob rau hauv cov huab cua, underground mineral qhov chaw. Cov neeg thiab cov tsiaj kuj emit carbon dioxide thaum lub sij hawm exhalation ntawm huab cua. tsis muaj teeb pom kev zoo nroj tsuag emit nws, thiab sib absorbs thaum lub sij hawm photosynthesis. Los ntawm tus txheej txheem ntawm cov metabolism hauv lub hlwb ntawm tag nrho cov nyob quavntsej carbon monoxide yog ib tug ntawm lub ntsiab Cheebtsam ntawm lub ntuj puag ncig.

Qhov no gas yog tsis lom, tab sis yog hais tias nws accumulates nyob rau hauv siab ntau, yuav pib zawm (hypercapnia), thiab nyob rau hauv nws tsis muaj tsim cov lus rov xeev - hypocapnia. Carbon dioxide hau ultraviolet rays thiab qhia infrared. Nws yog ib tug tsev cog khoom roj, uas ncaj qha muaj feem xyuam rau lub ntiaj teb no ua kom sov. Qhov no yog vim lub fact tias cov theem ntawm nws txheem yog loj hlob nyob rau hauv cov cua, thiab ua rau lub tsev cog khoom nyhuv.

Carbon dioxide yog npaj industrially los ntawm nchauv los yog lub tshuab cua sov gases, los yog los ntawm cov decomposition ntawm carbonates thiab dolomite limestone. Cov sib xyaw kom cov gases tshwj xeeb ua tib zoo ntxuav nrog ib tug daws ntawm poov tshuaj carbonate. Ntxiv mus, nws mus rau hauv hydrogen thiab decomposes thaum rhuab, uas carbon dioxide yog tso tawm. Carbonic acid (H2CO3) yog tsim los ntawm cov pa roj carbon dioxide yaj nyob rau hauv cov dej, tiam sis nws yog tau nyob rau hauv tam sim no tej yam kev mob thiab lwm yam ntau tshaj kev kawm. Tom qab cov pa roj carbon dioxide yog tshem, nws yog compressed, txias thiab pumped mus rau hauv lub thooj voos kheej kheej.

Nyob rau hauv kev lag luam, qhov no cov ntaub ntawv uas dav thiab feem ntau siv. Khoom noj khoom haus kev lag luam neeg ua hauj lwm siv nws raws li ib tug disintegrator (e.g., kneading), los yog raws li ib tug preservative (E290). Nrog kev pab los ntawm cov pa roj carbon dioxide tsim txawv tonic dej qab zib thiab dej qab zib, uas yog hlub los ntawm tsis tsuas yog cov menyuam tiam sis kuj cov neeg laus. Carbon dioxide yog siv nyob rau hauv qhov siv thiab ua ci dej qab zib, dej npias, qab zib, bubbly wines.

Carbon dioxide kuj yog siv nyob rau hauv qhov siv thiab ua zoo tua hluav taws. Siv cov pa roj carbon dioxide generated active nruab nrab yuav tsum tau thaum Vuam hlau. Thaum ib tug kub carbon arc roj decomposes rau hauv cov pa thiab cov pa roj carbon monoxide. Pa reacts nrog lub kua hlau thiab oxidize nws. Carbon dioxide nyob rau hauv lub cartridges yog siv nyob rau hauv cov huab cua phom thiab pistols.

Model aircraft siv no substance raws li ib tug roj rau lawv cov qauv. Siv cov pa roj carbon dioxide yuav ho txhim kho loo ntawm cov qoob loo zus nyob rau hauv lub tsev cog khoom. Tsis tas li ntawd nyob rau hauv kev ua lag luam lug siv cov nab kuab qhuav uas cov zaub mov fwm zoo npaum li cas. Nws yog siv raws li ib tug refrigerant nyob rau hauv tub yees, khov nab kuab, hluav taws xob, thiab lwm yam thermal fais fab nroj tsuag.