Bast fibers thiab lawv cov functions

Bast fiber - fiber yog tau los ntawm cov stems los yog nplooj ntawm tej nroj tsuag. Ntawm herbaceous muaj, muaj ib tug heev heev - txog 2 txhiab. Txawm li cas los, feem ntau nrov muaj xws li ntawm lawv raws li flax, hemp, jute, Abutilon. Ntoo fiber - cov uas tau los ntawm cov hom ntoo.

Yuav ua li cas puas xws li ib tug fiber?

Bast thiab ntoo fibers yog "cov ntaub so ntswg" nroj tsuag. lawv lub hlwb muaj ib tug elongated lub cev thiab ntse xaus. Tsis zoo li lwm yam, lawv ntev yuav ntsuas nyob rau hauv millimeters thiab txawm centimeters. Tab sis ib tug ntoo khaub lig-section - nyob rau hauv microns. fiber plhaub yog heev nyuaj, suab nyob rau hauv lub cell lub neej, nws yog ib txwm tuag. Thaum lub sij hawm muaj ib tug cell lignification, thiab nws pab zog ploj lawm. Nws yuav nkig ntau thiab crumbly. Neodrevesnevshie fiber cell yog nplua nuj nyob rau hauv cellulose thiab yog vim li heev saj zawg zog thiab ywj.

Yuav luag nyob rau hauv qhov kev lag luam tsis txhob siv ib zaug xwb fiber, thiab lawv conglomerate. Cov ntse xaus ntawm lub hlwb yog kev cob cog rua rau txhua lwm yam los ntawm txoj kev pectin, li ntawd, cov ntaub ntawv uas yuav muaj zog heev. Cov yav tas zoo yog tshwm sim los ntawm qhov tseeb hais tias nyob rau hauv lawv cov plhaub cellulose febrility nruj nreem cov mus rau hauv ib tug kauv (raws li txoj hlua los yog hlua).

Yuav kom npaj txhij high-zoo fiber, nws yog tsim nyog los ua kom puas rau kav. Feem ntau cov feem ntau qhov no yog tiav los ntawm soaking. Pectin thiab lwm yam fastening khoom yuav raug rhuav tshem - tseem lawm fiber. Tej zaum siv cov tshuaj los yog cov neeg kho tshuab cov qauv ntawm cov muab nws.

Vim li cas siv bast fibers?

Firstly, lawv yog lug siv nyob rau hauv lub textile kev lag luam rau zus tau tej cov fabrics thiab yarns. Tsis yog txhua txhua fibers yog haum rau lub hom phiaj no, tiam sis tsuas yog mos. Lawv tau txais los ntawm flax los yog ramie. Lwm cov kev ua ntawm bast fibers - hlua thiab cable khoom. Rau lub hom phiaj no, tsim ntxhib khoom (hemp, jute) thiab nyuaj (sisal, abaca). Lug siv thiab ntoo fibers. Lawv yog siv nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho rau tus zus tau tej cov composite ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv daim ntawv kev lag luam.

linen fibers

Flax - ib tug ncaj ntau cov qoob loo. Nws fiber yog lub feem ntau kev hloov maj mam thiab ilv, uas yog vim li cas nws yog li ntawd lug siv nyob rau hauv lub textile kev lag luam. Rau bast fibers zus flax. Lub npe ntawm cov nroj tsuag ntau yam tau los ntawm nws cov tsos: nws stems yog heev nyias thiab ntev, kho kom sawvdaws xeeb 1 'meter'. Qhov feem pua ntawm fiber nyob 20-25% ntawm tus luj ntawm tag nrho cov nroj tsuag. Cov sau flax fiber yog kuaj rau lub dag lub zog thiab clarity. Zoo indicators, As yog me me extensibility, puas kuj thiab ya raws haum kuj. Flax xov ua. Yog siv raws li qhov ntev fibers thiab "ochesannye", piv txwv li pov tseg tom qab combing. Nyob rau hauv lub xov spinning tshuab tej zaum yuav ntau fluff los yog, conversely, du.

Fabrics ua los ntawm flax fibers, tej zaum yuav sib txawv nyob rau hauv zoo - los ntawm lub coarsest tsaj mus nyias thiab mos TIAB. Nyob rau hauv Russia, nws yog zus mas tsuas ntxhib flax.

hemp

Bast fibers ntawm hemp xa mus rau tus xov tooj ntawm cov nyiaj. Cov uas ua cov ntaub ntawv uas yog hu ua esparto (lub tib lub npe thiab muaj ib tug ntxhib hlua, woven los ntawm cov fibers). Nws yuav tsum tau hais tias cannabis muaj txiv neej thiab poj niam cov nroj tsuag. Ntawm cov txiv neej cia li ua hemp. Thiab vim hais tias cov poj niam - materki - ntxhib hiav txwv cables. Rau cov zauv xws fibers yog siv tshwj xeeb myalnye tshuab. Yog tsis muaj lawv, tus fibers yog yooj yim tab sis yog ib co weaving. Lawv yog cov uas tsis muaj-extensible, heev ntxhib mus rau lub kov thiab nqus dej zoo.

jute

Loj hlob nroj tsuag, mas nyob rau hauv Is Nrias teb thiab Pakistan. Fiber muaj tib lub npe thiab belongs rau cov qeb ntawm lub ntxa. Pawg feem ntawm nws los ntawm tag nrho cov nroj tsuag yog 20-25%. Vim lub roughness ntawm nws yog siv mas rau upholstery, ntim, tej zaum kuj rau pua.

kenaf

Nroj tsuag nrog ib tug tsawg dua fiber cov ntsiab lus (ntawm 16 thiab 20%). Kenaf fiber manufactured hlua ntxhib ntaub ntaus los yog tsaj canvas. Is Nrias teb - rau zus tau tej cov thawj coj.

Kanatnikov

Herbaceous nroj tsuag nrog ib tug high degree ntawm fiber cov ntsiab lus. Nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav txhim kho nws zoo nws yog boiled nyob rau hauv ib tug tshwj xeeb tshuaj. Vim hais tias nws yog los cords, ropes thiab cov zoo li. D. Twine Abutilon ntawm bast fibers tau nws yog muaj zog heev thiab ywj.

ramie

Nroj tsuag nrog ib tug heev zoo fiber, uas muaj ib tug yus sheen, elasticity, softness. Nws yog resistant mus rau rot. Ramie ua high-zoo linen fabrics, nuv ntses nets.

Feem ntau, cov nroj tsuag mus rau lub tsev neeg ntawm cov nettle. Nws hlob nyob rau hauv subtropical climates. Ua txoj hauj lwm nyob rau hauv qhuav ntawm ramie nyob Tuam Tshoj, Nyiv, Philippines.

ntxhib fibers

Tej bast fibers yog mas ntawm cov teb chaws sov nroj tsuag. Lawv li lub npe vim nws tsis muaj dej permeability, kuj mus rau rot, rigidity, lub zog thiab tsis tshua muaj extensibility. Siv tsuas yog rau cov siv thiab ua cov ropes.

Abaca - textile txiv tsawb. Los ntawm cov nplooj ntawm no nroj tsim fiber ntawm lub tib lub npe.

Sisal, geneken - lub fiber los ntawm cov nplooj ntawm agave. Nws yog tsawg khoom dua lub abacus, thiab nkig ntau tshaj hemp. Txawm li cas los, qhov no tsis tiv thaiv kom txhob lub network yuav ua rau ntawm nws, ropes thiab twines. Vim hais tias nws yuav ua rau raws li tsaj wrapping thiab cov ntaub so ntswg. Los ntawm pov tseg thiab peelings - daim ntawv, mas wrapping. Kev Fiber ntev ntawm tsob nroj nce mus txog 1.5 m.

ntoo fiber

Lawv tau txais los ntawm ob qho tib si tsob ntoo stems, thiab los ntawm lawv cov tawv ntoo. Cov feem nrov yog cov linden. Linden bast fibers ntawm daim tawv yog feem ntau hu ua "yug". Nyob rau hauv Russia tawm ntawm nws wove khau khiab, thiab thaum lub sij hawm tsov rog nws yog pab tau kev txawj guerrillas. Soaked fibers linden - zis. Kev siv ntawm nws feem ntau ntau haiv neeg. Qhov no yog ib tug zoo cov khoom. Tsis tas li ntawd nyob rau hauv no hnub, nws yog ua rau dawb txhuam. Xwb, cov kev siv ntawm da dej raws li lub paj rwb. Linden fiber yog muaj zog heev, yog li tawm ntawm nws ua los nuv ntses nets thiab weave ropes.

Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, linden fibers yog lug siv nyob rau hauv pej xeem cov tshuaj. Nws yog ntseeg hais tias, macerated thiab zom rau lub sib xws ntawm mashed qos yaj ywm, lawv pab txhawb kom muaj cov zoo ntawm cov qhov txhab thiab tshem tawm toxins los ntawm lub cev. Qhov no piav txog cov muaj koob meej ntawm fake lub paj rwb.