Basalt - dab tsi yog qhov no? Hauj lwm, cov kev pab cuam, uas basalt (yees duab)

Basalt - ib tug natural pob zeb. Cov feem ntau nyob ze volcanoes. Qhov loj tshaj plaws deposits yog pom nyob rau hauv Russia, Ukraine, America, Hawaii thiab lub Kuril Islands. Nyob rau hauv cov xwm, basalt tshwm sim nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov phiaj, shapeless thiab sib npaug pob zeb thiab lava ndlwg.

Yuav ua li cas yog basalt?

Qhov no pob zeb, muaj tej yam ntxwv. Ntawm no lawv muaj li no:

• Feldspar thiab augite yog lub ntsiab Cheebtsam ntawm basalt.
• Xim: tsaus grey, dub, asphalt, thiab muaj tej lub sij hawm nrog ib tug greenish tinge.
• Thaum pes tsawg kub, tej thaum tshav kub kub ntawm 0.85 J / (kg · K).
• Lub kuj txawv los ntawm 50-400 MPa.
• Lub elasticity ntawm cov ntaub ntawv uas yog nyob rau hauv ntau 0.2-0.25.
• Lub melting point mas nws txawv, nyob rau hauv tej lub sij hawm - nyob rau hauv 1000-1200 ° C, tus lwm tus - 1500 ° C.
• Basalt - pob zeb ceev los ntawm 2500 mus 2900 kg / m ^2.
• Ya haum txawv ntawm 0.25-10%.

Muaj pes tsawg leeg basalt: yam ntxwv

Txhua tus neeg los ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv lub sij hawm paub hais tias tag nrho cov zaub mov muaj ib tug tej yam qauv. Raws li ib tug txoj cai, lawv yuav tsum coj mus rau hauv tus account lub tshuaj nyob tus yeees thiab mineral. Qhov no pub rau ib qho yooj yim kom paub qhov txawv ntawm cov tsos ntawm basalt, granite, marble thiab thiaj li nyob. D., Thiab muaj cov feem ntau tag cov lus qhia txog lawv txoj kev yam ntxwv. Txoj kev paub no yuav pab ergonomic siv ib los yog lwm yam ntaub ntawv.

Muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm tej feem klimopiroksen basalt, Ti-magnetite, volcanic iav, plagioclase, thiab magnetite. Nws qauv txawv porphyry nto, tej zaum afirovanoy. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, tej zaum muaj cov hom raws li tus li iav. Nyob rau cov kev muaj feem xyuam rau qhov chaw feature ntawm basalt deposits. Cov uas nyob rau ntawm qhov chaw, feem ntau vesicular, vim hais tias thaum lub sij hawm txias ntawm lava los ntawm cov qhov tawm vapors thiab roj cua. Tom qab, nyob rau hauv lub hollow chaw yuav tso minerals xws li tooj liab, prehnite, calcium zeolite. Zaum tau pom xws formations ntawm ib tug tej yam zoo hu ua amygdaloidal.

Cov mineral muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm basalt, coj los ntawm ntau deposits yuav ua tau ho txawv. Qhov no yog tsuas vim tshwm sim ntawm tej yam impurities nyob rau hauv nws. Piv txwv li, ib co qauv yog tsiag ntawv los ntawm xub ntiag ntawm lub prisms ntawm pyroxene, ua tsaug rau lawv yuav basalt dub. Tab sis muaju olivine pob zeb tsuas daj-ntsuab nyob rau hauv cov xim. Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias impurities yuav ncav cuag qhov luaj li cas ntawm ¼ ntawm tag nrho loj. Tsis tshua muaj heev basalts, uas muaj xws li cov zaub mov xws li hornblende, apatite, orthopyroxene.

nrov hom

Basalt - ib tug generalization ntawm lub npe. Nws combines ib tug xov tooj ntawm ntau hom. Cov feem ntau sawv daws yuav:

• Neeg Esxias - pheej yig pob zeb, dav siv nyob rau hauv sab hauv kho kom zoo nkauj tsim thiab architecture. Nws yog xim feem ntau ntawm cov xim "ntub asphalt".
• Twilight - loj deposits yog nyob rau hauv Tuam Tshoj. Nws yog ib tug maub grey, txawm dub. Xam tias yog lub zoo saib puag ncig tag nrho lwm cov vim hais tias nws muaj ib theem siab ntawm hauj thermal poob siab, neeg kho tshuab kev puas tsuaj, ya raws thiab kev co al.
• Moorish - amygdaloidal tsos. Nyob rau nws saum npoo muaj ib tug ntau yam ntawm inclusions. Cov xim tswvyim mas yog ntsuab ntxoov. Zoo li tus thawj basalt txaus, nws yuav siv tau rau kho kom zoo nkauj ntawm cov chav thiab vaj tse. Txawm li cas los, nws yog tsim nyog sau cia hais tias nws kev yam ntxwv yog dog dig tsis tau zoo: lub te kuj thiab hardness muaj ib tug uas tsis muaj qib.
• Bazaltin - lub feem ntau ntau hom. Loj deposits nyob ze ntawm lub nroog Loos. Nws yog cov feem ntau kim ntaub ntawv. Nws muaj ib tug thawj qhov chaw uas tso cai nws dav siv nyob rau hauv lub architectural teb. Nyob rau lub zog ntawm qhov no basalt yuav muab piv rau granite, tom qab tso nws rau ib ntev lub sij hawm nws retains tag nrho lub xam qhovkev zoo rau nws.

Scope

Basalt - nws yog ib qho khoom uas yog dav siv nyob rau hauv ntau yam teb. Lub ntsiab ntawm lawv - lub architectural. Tab sis kuj vim hais tias nws ua high-zoo lub tsev ntaub ntawv, ntxiv rau pob zeb ua kev daws teeb meem mus rau lub fortress, los yog siv thaum lub sij hawm casting slabs. Basalt yog feem ntau siv raws li ib tug tag cov ntaub ntawv uas rau cov plag tsev los yog lem. Rau rwb thaiv tsev nyob rau sab nraum lub vaj tse nws tsuas yog irreplaceable. Feem ntau cov designers basalt muab vim xim thaum lub sij hawm hnav khaub ncaws chav. Nws yog dav siv nyob rau hauv dai kom zoo ntawm fireplaces thiab phab ntsa. Nrog kev pab los ntawm cov tshuaj no yog ib qho yooj yim mus rau ntsiab ntsiab lus tseem ceeb thiab ua lub sab hauv ntawm lub zoo.

zoo ntawm basalt

Cov hauj lwm zoo ntawm no hom ntawm teeb. Feem ntau cov tseem ceeb:

• suab nrov yuav txo tau;
• dej vapor permeability;
• ib theem siab ntawm thermal stability;
• environmentally zoo;
• zoo thermal rwb thaiv tsev;
• lub dag lub zog;
• tsis electrified;
• hluav taws kev ruaj ntseg;
• durability.

Cov khoom siv raws li nyob rau hauv basalt

Mined basalt grey nyob rau mines thiab quarries. Ntau zaus tshaj tsis muab kev koom tes nyob rau hauv no tsuas kev lag luam. Tom qab tshem tawm nws yog xa mus rau ib tug tshwj xeeb enterprise, uas nws tus kheej yog ua los ntawm basalt txawv cov khoom. Qhov no tej zaum yuav nyuaj panels, vuas, ntas rau stairs, fibers rau rwb thaiv tsev ntawm ru tsev thiab lwm qhov chaw. Nws kuj yog siv rau kev tsim kho ntawm basalt txhua, arches, statues. Nws hmoov yog ntxiv thaum lub sij hawm zus tau tej cov tam khoom, los xyuas kom meej lawv muaj kev cia siab thiab lub zog.

Thiab thaum kawg, tus nqi ntawm

Basalt, tus nqi ntawm uas, tsis zoo li lwm yam ntaub ntawv yog xav tau heev pheej yig, yuav tau lug siv tsis tau ua tus nqi ntawm cov khoom. Piv txwv li:

• basaltic gravel - los ntawm 250 mus rau 400 p. packing;
• Veneer - 2000 p. 1Q. m;
• basalt paving - 3200-3500 p. 1Q. m.