Artist Vasily Polenov: biography, creativity

Qhov thib ob ib nrab ntawm cov 19th caug xyoo yog lub heyday ntawm Lavxias teb sab painting. Ib tug ntawm cov neeg sawv cev ntawm lub galaxy ntawm koj nyuab ntawm lub sij hawm no yog Vasily Polenov, uas nws paintings yog ciav realism thiab muaj lub siab "mus muab kev zoo siab thiab kev xyiv fab." Cov lus kawg yuav mus rau cov neeg pleev thiab yog tus motto ntawm nws ua hauj lwm thiab lub neej, raws li evidenced los ntawm Phau ntawv sau txog cov artist.

cov niam txiv

Lub neej yav tom ntej nto moo artist yug nyob rau hauv cov kev cai thiab ib tug heev muaj myiaj aristocratic tsev neeg nyob rau hauv 1844. Nws txiv, Dmitry Polenov, twb paub raws li ib tug ntse archaeologist thiab bibliographer. Niam, Maria A., nee Voeikova, kawm painting thiab sau ntawv phau ntawv rau cov me nyuam. Nws yog tus ntxhais ntawm Vera Nikolaevna tom tsov ntxhuav hais tias tom qab lub tuag thaum ntxov ntawm nws niam nws txiv thiab raug coj mus sib yuav nyob rau hauv lub tsev neeg Derzhavin.

thaum yau

Polenov Vasili Dmitrievich siv nws thaum yau nyob rau hauv St. Petersburg, tab sis nws tsev neeg feem ntau mus txog rau lub caij ntuj sov nyob rau hauv lub Olonets ib ncig thiab cov qub txeeg qub tes Olshanka Tambov xeev, koom rau cov pog ntawm cov artist. Vera adored cov xeeb ntxwv thiab hlub mus lom zem rau lawv, qhia epics, legends thiab fairy tales. Nws kuj tau zoo paub Lavxias teb sab thiab European paj huam, yog li ntawd, ua si ib tug luag hauj lwm loj nyob rau hauv shaping tus artistic saj ntawm ib tug me me Vasey. Raws li rau lub keeb kwm ntawm nws txoj kev hlub ntawm daim duab, tus painting nrog cov me nyuam muab kev koom tes niam. Nws hais tias lub tus txij nkawm tau ntiav neeg pab qhia rau Basil thiab tus ntxhais yau Helen. Raws li ib tug xib fwb, nws tau caw Chistyakov, uas nyob rau lub sij hawm uas nws kawm nyob rau Academy ntawm Fine Arts. Parallel rau qhov no, tus tub hluas mus rau lub tsev kawm ntawv thiab tsom zoo zeal rau kev kawm.

studentship

Nyob rau hauv 1863 Vasily Polenov kawm tiav los ntawm tsev kawm ntawv thiab, ua ke nrog nws tus kwv Alex cuv npe kawm nyob rau ntawm St. Petersburg University nyob rau hauv lub Physics thiab Lej kws qhia ntawv. Txawm li cas los, txoj kev hlub rau painting yog muaj zog mob siab rau science, thiab nyob rau hauv lub yav tsaus ntuj tus tub hluas mus kawm lub Academy of Arts. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, cov tub ntxhais Polenov yog fond ntawm cov suab paj nruag, nws tau ib tug heev qhua mus rau lub opera tsev thiab txawm hu nkauj nyob rau hauv tus menyuam kawm ntawv hu nkauj ua ke ntawm lub Academy.

Tsis ntev, tus tub hluas coj ib tug sabbatical ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv thiab mob siab rau nws lub sij hawm rau painting. Nyob rau hauv 1867 Vasily Polenov kawm tiav los ntawm lub Academy of Arts. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm nws tau txais cov nyiaj puav pheej rau lub kos thiab kos duab.

Tam sim ntawd tom qab, tus tub hluas rov qab mus rau lub tsev kawm ntawv, tab sis hloov cov kws qhia ntawv thiab pib mus kawm ntawv txoj cai lij choj.

Lub rooj sib tham nrog Repin

Nyob rau hauv 1869 Vasily Polenov muaj ib tug zoo kawg thiab xav kom tau tus kub pheej ntawm lub Academy of Arts. Yuav kom qhov no kawg, nws twb pleev xim rau "Txoj hauj lwm thiab nws cov phooj ywg." Nws tau txais ib tug me me nqi zog, thiab muab nws txoj cai mus txuas ntxiv mus koom nyob rau hauv cov kev sib tw. Tshiab ua hauj lwm yog los mus tsim paintings "Lub Raising Yailaus tus ntxhais," thiab tus nrog sib ntaus ntawm tus hluas artist yog Ivan Repin.

Cov tshwm sim yog npaj txhij txog Match: ob masters txhuam muab zoo heev ua hauj lwm uas txiav txim muab lawv cov loj kub medals thiab ib qho chaw twg rau teb chaws Europe.

Nyob rau hauv 1872 Polenov Vasiliy Dmitrievich Repin mus thawj lub teb chaws Yelemees, ces nyob rau hauv ltalis thiab nyob rau hauv Paris. Cov peev ntawm Fabkis yog li ntawd fascinated cov artist, hais tias nws txiav txim siab los nyob twj ywm muaj. Nyob rau hauv Paris, ib yam nkaus thiab tub nkeeg mus sau cov painting "Cov raug ntes ntawm Countess d'Etremon", rau cov uas, tom qab rov mus Russia, nws twb muab tsub lub title ntawm academician. neeg pleev kob lub txuj ci muaj menyuam lawm, thiab cov neeg sawv cev ntawm lub muaj koob muaj npe tsev neeg. Nyob rau hauv 1876 nws tau raug tsa lub tsev hais plaub cov neeg pleev kob thiab mus rau Lavxias teb sab-Turkish tsov ua rog, uas yog nyob rau tus nqi ntawm Tsesarevicha Aleksandra.

Moscow lub sij hawm

Rov qab los ntawm tus yeeb yam ua tsov ua rog, Polenov Vasiliy Dmitrievich tswm nyob rau hauv Moscow thiab pib qhia nyob rau Moscow tsev kawm ntawv ntawm Painting, puab thiab Architecture. Muaj, nws cov thwj tim twb Levitan, Korovin, I. Ostroukhov, Arkhipov, E. Tadevosyan thiab Golovin.

Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, cov artist nws tus kheej tau sau, thiab nyob rau hauv 1877 hais nws ua hauj lwm "Moscow Yard" nyob rau hauv lub 6 th mus txawv tebchaws exhibition. Cov duab yog ib tug resounding kev vam meej, thiab Polenov Vasiliy Dmitrievich twb paub li qhov tus tsim ntawm ib tug tshiab ib hom ntawv nyeem, hu los ntawm critics "intimate toj roob hauv pes".

Lwm tseem ceeb tshwm sim ntawm lub Moscow lub sij hawm ntawm lub artist lub neej yog nws txiav txim siab mus koom nrog cov neeg loj leeb, nyob rau hauv lawv los ntawm lub sij hawm nws muaj ntau tus phooj ywg.

Biblical ntsiab

Tus Qub Testament thiab Christian kawm los ntawm cov pib tam sim no nyob rau hauv tej hauj lwm ntawm Polenov. Nrhiav kev tshoov siab nyob rau hauv lub 1881-1882 xyoo lub artist mus rau biblical chaw, nyob rau hauv lub Middle East. Nws tau mus xyuas Constantinople, Syria, Palestine thiab tim lyiv teb chaws. Los ntawm travelling artist Polenov Vasily coj sketches thiab sketches rau cov painting "tus Khetos thiab cov neeg txhaum" thiab lwm yam tej hauj lwm, daim ntawv sau nyob rau hauv lub tswv yim ntawm dab tsi nws pom. Ib txhia ntawm lawv ua rau lub delight Pavla Tretyakova, uas kis tau cov paintings rau nws sau.

duab ntawm Khetos

Nyob rau hauv 1883, cov neeg pleev thiab nws tus poj niam mus rau Ltalis. Muaj nws txuas ntxiv mus ua hauj lwm rau lub painting "tus Khetos thiab cov neeg txhaum", uas yog hais rau cov pej xeem nyob rau 15th exhibition ntawm lub loj leeb. Canvas tsim ib tug furor, thiab lub siab xav mus pom nws nyob rau hauv nws tsev cia puav pheej, hais tias huab tais Alexander III, uas favored cov artist txij thaum lub Lavxias teb sab-Turkish tsov rog.

Nyob rau hauv 1888 Polenov Vasiliy Dmitrievich sau lwm nto moo painting rau lub biblical ntsiab - "Nyob rau Tinpelias (Kenexale) pas dej." Nyob rau ib tug tshiab canvas, nws dua portrayed Tswv Yexus - ib tug txiv neej nrog oriental hom neeg thiab nrog qhov zoo ntawm qhov sage, tab sis tsis yog tus sufferer. Ntxiv mus, ib qho tseem ceeb "actor" daim duab yog toj roob hauv pes, pleev xim rau sketches los ntawm tus artist los ntawm xwm thaum uas koj mus txawv tebchaws nyob rau hauv lub Middle East.

Lub neej nyob rau hauv Behovo

Nyob rau hauv 1890 Vasily Polenov, uas nws biography yog ib tug ntev daim ntawv teev cov tau zoo, txiav txim siab los tawm lub peev thiab tsiv mus nyob rau lub Tula cheeb tsam. Muaj nyob rau hauv txhab nyiaj ntawm lub Oka, nws ua ib lub tsev. Rau cov tsev loj ntxiv tom qab kev cob qhia nyob rau hauv uas Polenov qhia nqus nyob deb nroog cov me nyuam. Raws li cov neeg pleev kob muab lub npe ntawm tus qub txeeg qub tes Borok thiab pib ua kev los xyuas kom meej tias nws nws thiaj li tig mus rau hauv ib lub teb chaws tsev cia puav pheej.

Vasily Polenov: "Golden Caij nplooj zeeg"

Hom ntawm zej zog Borok yeej lub plawv ntawm lub artist. Lawv yog cov kawm ntawm lub chaw ua hauj lwm, uas nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov 1890s sau Vasily Polenov. "Golden Caij nplooj zeeg" yuav siv sij hawm ib tug tshwj xeeb qhov chaw nyob rau hauv lawv. Nyob rau canvas qhia tau hais tias cov txhab nyiaj ntawm lub Oka, fringed nrog birches hauv ib lub ci kho kom zoo nkauj. Cov painting no tshaaj ntawm lub tsev khaws puav pheej-tse "Polenovo" (lub qub txeeg qub tes "Borok") thiab ib tug nyob deb quaj los ntawm thaum ntxov ua hauj lwm, uas sau Vasily Polenov ( "overgrown Pas dej", "Laus Zeb", thiab lwm yam).

Tom qab 1917

Tom qab lub Kaum Hli Ntuj kiv puag ncig Polenov coj ib tug active ib feem nyob rau hauv lub koom haum ntawm lub ua yeeb yam pab pawg neeg nyob rau hauv lub qub txeeg qub tes Borok thiab ua hauj lwm nrog cov neeg pluag hluas.

Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm nws tau sau cov painting "Dej nyab rau Oka", uas ua ib tug ntawm qhov zoo tshaj plaws ua hauj lwm ntawm cov artist tus paub tab lub sij hawm.

Lub xeem xyoo ntawm nws lub neej

Nyob rau hauv 1924, nyob rau hauv Honor ntawm tus 80th hnub tseem ceeb ntawm cov artist nyob rau hauv lub Tretyakov Gallery tau raug tsa solo exhibition ntawm tej hauj lwm los ntawm Vasily Dmitrievich. Nyob rau hauv dav dav, lub Soviet tsoom fwv yog dej siab rau cov artist. Nyob rau hauv kev, nyob rau hauv 1926 cov neeg pleev twb muab tsub lub title ntawm neeg lub Artist ntawm lub RSFSR. Feem ntau cov yuav, qhov no yog vim nws txoj kev xav rau Polenov thiab nyob rau hauv txhua txoj kev uas txhawb pab tib neeg kev ua ub kev kawm ntawv txawm nyob rau hauv ib lub sij hawm thaum no twb ua tau tsuas yog ib tug ob peb cov neeg sawv cev ntawm Lavxias teb sab intelligentsia.

Lub Xya hli ntuj 18, 1927 cov neeg pleev tuag. Cov artist raug faus rau ntawm ntug dej ntawm lub Oka, nws nrhiav tau lub qub txeeg qub tes nyob rau hauv lub zej zog Borok.

"Polenovo"

Nyob rau hauv 1931, lub Soviet tsoom fwv txiav txim siab mus nrhiav kom tau ib tug tsev cia puav pheej nyob rau hauv lub qub txeeg qub tes Borok. Nws twb renamed nyob rau hauv Polenovo, thiab muaj kom cov sab hauv, uas tau lub artist lub neej. Muaj tsis tu ncua nyob rau nthuav kev cai txheej xwm thiab tshaaj paintings ntawm tus naas ej neeg pleev kob.

Tam sim no koj paub lub ntsiab txheej xwm ntawm lub biography ntawm V. Polenov thiab keeb kwm ntawm ib co ntawm cov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm nws tej hauj lwm, uas yog cov masterpieces ntawm Lavxias teb sab kos duab rau ntawm lub 19th caug xyoo.