Aristotle tus philosophy

Aristotle yog ib tug Greek philosopher, uas nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm classical. Nws tus xib fwb yog Plato. Aristotle - lub pab qhia Aleksandra Makedonskogo.

Aristotle tus philosophy ntawm yooj yim thiab ib txoj muaj nqi. Qhov zoo philosopher twb nug tsis tau tsuas yog rau cov lus nug ntawm lub ntiaj teb no kev txiav txim, tab sis kuj cov txiv neej nws tus kheej. Ib tug ntau ntawm lub sij hawm nws mob siab rau mus rau lub kos duab ntawm hais lus - rhetoric.

Los ntawm cov muaj hnub nyoog ntawm kaum xya zoo txawj xav nws ua hauj lwm thiab kawm nyob rau Academy ntawm Plato. Plato yog nws ncaj qha kws qhia ntawv. Tom qab nyob rau ntawm lub Academy rau nees nkaum xyoo, nws tsiv mus rau hauv lub nroog ntawm Pelé, qhov twg nws yog ib tug tub kawm ntawv thiab los ua Aleksandr Makedonsky. Ntxiv mus, nws nrhiav tau nws tus kheej lub tsev kawm ntawv, qhov chaw uas nws ua hauj lwm kom txog thaum nws tuag. Lub tsev kawm ntawv hu ua - Lyceum.

Lub nto moo tshaj plaws ua hauj lwm ntawm lub philosopher:

• "Rhetoric";
• "Metaphysics";
• "Txoj cai";
• "Poetics";
• "Organon".

Aristotle tus philosophy

Nws tshuav ntau tej hauj lwm uas tau pab no science tsis tau tsuas yog tsim, tab sis kuj mus rau ib tug siab dua theem. Aristotle tus philosophy yuav tsum tau muab faib mus rau hauv peb lub hom:

• theoretical - nws kawm qhov teeb meem ntawm cov hav zoov thiab nws cov ntau spheres, ua rau tag nrho cov xaiv ntawm tshwm sim, lub keeb kwm ntawm txhua yam;
• tswv yim - tshuaj xyuas cov qauv ntawm cov xeev, raws li zoo raws li tib neeg kev ua ub no;
• poetic.

Tsis tas li ntawd zoo tu qab tso thiab ib tug thib plaub hom - lub logic.

Aristotle tus philosophy muaj ntau npaum li cas nyob rau hauv ntau nrog lub philosophy ntawm Plato. Feem ntau cov thawj thuam ntawm nws tus kws qhia ntawv. Qhov no yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog muaj tseeb txog tej teeb meem ua - Aristotle raug txwv mus rau cov ntshiab lub tswv yim, vim hais tias kuv xav tias tej yam uas yog ncaj qha nyob rau lub zwj ceeb ntawm lub ntiaj teb no, raws li zoo raws li qhov xav hais tias txhua yam yog nws nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no, thiab xws li tsis muaj nyob.

Aristotle hais tias muaj yog tsis muaj cov ntshiab lub tswv yim, uas yog tsis cob cog rua nrog lub ntiaj teb sab nraum, tej zaum tsuas lub hav zoov ntawm lub tsev, uas tej yam, qhob tshaj plaws - ib tug neeg - nws tshwm sim tsuas yog nyob rau hauv ib tug kev qhov chaw nyob rau ib tug lub sij hawm.

Nug cov lus nug txog cov hav zoov, cov philosopher yuav siv sij hawm nws qeb:

• lub essence;
• cwj pwm;
• kom muaj nuj nqis;
• muab;
• txoj hauj lwm;
• lub sij hawm;
• los;
• lub xeev;
• kev txom nyem;
• zoo.

Aristotle philosophy muab cov nram qab no txhais hais tias: ib qhov chaw uas muaj cov khoom muaj nqi, kev ua, kev txom nyem, thiab hais txog.

Tag nrho tiam sis yeej tseem zoo no yog cov cuab yeej ntawm qab - uas yog, qhov tseeb hais tias ib tug neeg yog muaj peev xwm mus paub.

Aristotle tus philosophy kuj siv rau cov teeb meem ntawm qhov teeb meem. Teeb meem yog cov potency uas yog tas rau qhov zoo. Xav rau qhov teeb meem, lub philosopher pom tias lub potency thiab daim ntawv muaj txhua yam rau hauv av, cov kev muaj tiag yog ib tug sib lawv liag ntawm txoj kev hloov los ntawm teeb meem mus rau, thiab peb vice versa, yog ib tug passive potency pib, tiam sis ib tug active daim ntawv. Nws kuj los ntseeg hais tias Vajtswv - yog lub siab tshaj plaws hauv daim ntawv ntawm tag nrho cov yam. Vajtswv tau ua nyob sab nraum ntawm tej xwm.

Tus plig yog cov neeg uas hnov nco qab. Nws yuav ua tau ib tsob nroj, tsiaj, muaj kuab. Vegetative ntsuj plig yog ib hom lub luag hauj lwm rau kev noj haus, tu tub tu kiv, zoo li txoj kev loj hlob. Vim tus tsiaj ntsuj plig peb yuav xav thiab muaj siab. Lub muaj kuab ntsuj plig ua rau tag nrho generalize thiab kos kev xaus - nws tsuas distinguishes txiv neej los ntawm tus tsiaj lub ntiaj teb no.

Cov kev philosophy ntawm Aristotle hais tias tus txiv neej yog ib tug heev ncaav tsiaj uas muaj kev hais lus thiab kev xav, nyhav mus nyob nrog cov yam koj nyiam ntawm nws tus kheej. Qhov yuav tsum tau rau lawv tus kheej zoo rau ua ib tug txiv neej uas nws yog. Txiv neej - ib tug ua tsis tshua muaj neeg social. Nws sociality yuav tsis tau raws li muaj zog tsis muaj lus.

Paub kuj nom tswv philosophy ntawm Aristotle. Philosopher qhia rau hom ntawm lub xeev :

• tyranny;
• lub monarchy;
• aristocracy;
• huab oligarchy;
• mob txoj cai;
• polity.

Tag nrho cov hom ntawm lub xeev nws muab faib mus rau hauv "kev phem" thiab "zoo". Nws yog ib nqi sau cia hais tias qhov zoo tshaj plaws hauv daim ntawv ntawm tsoom fwv, nws xav tias nws twb watered.