Yuri Dombrowski: biography, qhov zoo tshaj plaws phau ntawv, lub ntsiab txheej xwm thiab nthuav tseeb

Txoj hmoo ntawm ntau tsim nyog cov neeg ntawm nws lub sij hawm tog mus rau hauv txoj kev tsaus ntuj. Nws nyuaj siab heev, vim hais tias lawv yuav qhia cov tam sim no tiam los yeej nyob. Lub neej thiab hauj lwm Yuriya Dombrovskogo unjustly tsis nco qab lawm thiab ploj los ntawm cov ntawv nyeem phau ntawv.

Tus thawj acquaintance

Koj puas paub tus neeg, xws li Yuri Dombrowski? sau ntawm ib tug heev nrov, tab sis nws dhau lawm hais lus modestly txog nws ua hauj lwm. Leej twg yog no cov Hmoob?

Lavxias teb sab txawj sau ntawv, novelist thiab txawj critic - hais tias ib tug yog Yuriy Osipovich Dombrovsky. Biography, daim ntawv teev cov phau ntawv - tag nrho cov no yog impressive los ntawm tus thawj lub sij hawm. Zoo, saib daim ntawv teev cov nws tej hauj lwm:

• "Derzhavin".
• "Kws qhia ntawv tsis tseem ceeb yam."
• "Lub tsaus poj niam."
• "Liab tuaj txog ntawm nws pob txha taub hau."
• "Keeper ntawm Antiquities."
• "Lub yug ntawm ib tug nas."
• "Tsau".

Biography: pib

Yuri Dombrowski yug nyob rau hauv Moscow nyob rau hauv Tej zaum 1909, nyob rau hauv ib tsev neeg ntawm ntse neeg. Cov niam yog ib tug biologist, thiab nws tus txiv - ib tug kws lij choj. Thaum mus txog ib tug muaj hnub nyoog, tus tub hluas Yuri nkag mus rau hauv hvostovskuyu tsev kawm ntawv uas yog nyob rau hauv Krivoarbatsky txoj kab. Tsim nyog ntawm nws kawm tiav, nws pib mus rau hauv lub siab cov ntaub ntawv kawm, thiab nyob rau hauv 1932 lawv ntse kawm tiav.

Raug ntes thiab lub teb chaws

1933 yog tu siab heev. Yuri Dombrowski twb puas tau raug ntes thiab deported los ntawm Moscow. Yog vim li cas rau qhov no tau txais kev pab to taub tsis tau chij nyob rau hauv George dormitory chav tsev. Lawm, nws tsuas yog ib tug pretext, thiab qhov tseeb yog vim li cas rau lub ntiab tawm, peb tsis yog puas tau paub. Cov neeg uas tau paub nrog Yuri, hais tias lub ntiab tawm nyob rau hauv Amas-Ata, nws tau txais vim hais tias ntawm nws hnyav nqe lus tiv thaiv pej xeem cov tub ceev xwm. Ib txhia categorically tsis kam paj Dombrowski rau kev nom kev tswv.

lub neej mus rau

Txawm tias qhov kev tshwm sim ntawm lub neej, nyob rau hauv ib tug tshiab lub nroog Yuriy Dombrovsky sim ntau txoj haujlwm. Nws ua hauj lwm raws li ib tug archaeologist, journalist, kos duab critic, kws qhia ntawv. Yuri twb sib yuav mus rau ib tug poj niam zoo nkauj, Philology, tab sis cov me nyuam ntawm cov ob peb tsis.

Txawm li cas los, cov xob quaj dua, thiab nyob rau hauv 1937 ib tug nquag tus neeg noj nyob rau hauv kev tshawb nrhiav. Tsis pub dhau ob peb lub hlis, nws yog kiag li txiav tawm los ntawm zej zog. Yuri ces tso. Nyob rau hauv lub nyob ze yav tom ntej qhov teeb meem no yuav muab lub hauv paus ntawm nws ob phau ntawv.

Cov kev sau ntawv teb thiab lub tom ntej raug ntes

Tus sau pib mus rau luam tawm nyob rau hauv cov ntawv xov xwm "Kazakhstanskaya Pravda" thiab cov magazine "Literary Kazakhstan" nyob rau hauv lub npe tiag tiag - Yuri Dombrowski. Phau ntawv tseem tsis tau seized lawv kiag li, tab sis nws twb luam tawm thawj ib feem ntawm nws tshiab "Derzhavin" thiab yog qab tuav. Nyob rau hauv 1939, nws tau raug ntes dua, thiab nws yog pab ib tug kab lus nyob rau hauv lub Kolyma camps.

Liberation, anti-fascist phau ntawv thiab raug ntes

Kuv tuaj 1943. Yuav ua li cas yog tam sim no nyob los ntawm cov Yuri Dombrowski? Nws biography ua ib tug tshiab lem. Kws ntawv freed los ntawm nyob rau hauv kev raug txim, thiab Yuri rov qab los rau Amas-Ata mus koom nyob rau hauv theatrical kev ua ub no. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, nws tau lectured ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv nyob rau hauv tej hauj lwm ntawm William Shakespeare. Cov tib lub sij hawm nws yog tsim nyog los sau cov phau ntawv xws li "liab tuaj txog ntawm nws pob txha taub hau" thiab "tsaus ntuj nti poj niam." Tus thawj ntawm cov phau ntawv uas muaj ib tug qhia tau anti-fascist tswv yim.

1949 cim plaub raug ntes, qhov ua rau ntawm uas tau txais kev pab raws li ib tug zaj lus tim khawv ntawm Irina phom loj - cov correspondent ntawm "Komsomolskaya Pravda". Yuri xa mus rau lub xaus nyob rau hauv lub North - Ozerlag.

Thaum kawg, tom qab hnyav xyoo siv nyob ib leeg nyob rau hauv lub North, cov kws ntawv tso tawm rau hauv 1955. Thaum lub sij hawm no, nws ua ib tug twj ywm, kuas thiab los kom paub tias cov tsoom fwv tsis lov. Nws twb sim sau qhov tseeb, qhia rau nws rau cov neeg, tab sis yeej ib txwm hlau txhais tes ntawm cov tub ceev xwm nrhiav tau nws, qaug thiab rhuav tshem. Tom qab lub arrests thiab deportations Yuri yeej ib txwm muaj rau sab ntsuj plig reborn, mus rov qab kawm tau qhov siab los mus tsim. Nws yog tsis yooj yim sua mus rau lub teeb uas smoldered, tab sis txhua lub sij hawm nws tau ua nws. Nws yog ib qho nyuaj mus nrhiav ib tug txiv neej nrog ib tug yuav mus nyob thiab ib lub siab xav los ua.

Cov tag nrho cov-pom qhov muag ntawm tus tub ceev xwm pom qhov kev hloov no nyob rau hauv cov txawj sau ntawv. Lub neej twb tawg nws, tab sis ho tsis lov. Yuri tso cai nyob rau hauv nws cov haiv neeg lub nroog - Moscow. Muaj nws hais ntxiv hais nws txawj cov hauj lwm, tab sis ntau nyob ntsiag to thiab thoughtfully. Tab sis, dua li no, nws tsis tau hloov nws views, cia li kawm tau mus nkaum lawv.

Nthuav lus tseeb ntawm lub neej

Thaum Yuri sau ib tug tshiab "liab tuaj txog ntawm nws pob txha taub hau," tus ntawv sau tau ua rau cov xovxwm. Txawm li cas los, cov txawj sau ntawv tom ntej raug ntes coj mus rau lub fact tias tag nrho nws thaud txeeb cov tub ceev xwm. Thaum tus sau thaum kawg tso tawm nyob rau hauv Moscow, uas yog, tom qab lub lapse tau ntau xyoo, kuv tuaj mus rau nws tsis paub hais tias. Tus txiv neej no lub npe tau tseem unsolved. Nws coj ib tug rua Yuri ntawv sau, txawm hais tias raws li qhov kev txiav txim tau mus hlawv nws.

Yuri coj ib tug tawv heev hais tsis zoo tshiab los ntawm Solzhenitsyn. Nyob rau hauv cov tsiaj ntawv nws sau ntawv mus rau tus neeg sau extols lub infamous tsoom fwv nom tswv thiab belittles ib tug ncaj ncees thiab tsim nyog. Yuri coj mus rau lub fact tias cov txiv neej uas sau xws novels, nws yog nyob rau hauv lub camp xwb "rau" hwj chim tshaj cov neeg.

Thoob plaws hauv nws lub neej, tsuas yog rau cov kev mus, tus neeg sau ntawm cov cim ntawv thiab tau raug kev txom nyem li ib txwm tib neeg phem. Nws muaj ntau zaus cia li raug ntaus, tab sis mus rau cov tub ceev xwm ib daim ntawv qhia yuav tsuas tsis zoo. Tej yam uas tsis ua rau pej xeem, thiab maj tsis nco qab txog lawv.

Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, cov txawj sau ntawv yog ib txwm ib lub hom phiaj rau tsim txom ntawm lub KGB. Nws yog ib tug me ntsis paub qhov tseeb, thiab tsuas yog lub tsev neeg paub hais tias tus txiv neej uas tsuas yog xav kom ua li cas, txhua txhua hnub ntawm nws lub neej mus raws li nyob rau hauv lub rab phom.

Ib me ntsis me ntsis txog nto moo phau ntawv

"Keeper ntawm Antiquities"

Yuri Dombrowski, uas nws phau ntawv tau luam tawm xwb nyob rau hauv heev me me qhov ntau, tsis poob txoj kev ntseeg, thiab tseem sau. Nyob rau hauv 1964 nws luam tawm tus tshiab "Keeper ntawm Antiquities," uas los ntawm cov zajlus lub npe piav txog nws lub adventures cheerless ntiab tawm ntawm Moscow.

"Kws qhia ntawv tsis tseem ceeb tej yam uas"

Phau ntawv no yog launched nyob rau hauv tib lub xyoo 1964. Nws tau los ua rau sab saum toj tswv yim txawj sau ntawv. Thaum koj tau tiav lawm rau hauv phau ntawv nyob rau hauv 1975, tus kws ntawv yuav tsis luam tawm nws nyob rau hauv tsev, yog li peb xyoos tom qab nws luam tawm nws nyob rau hauv Fabkis nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab.

Lub essence ntawm cov khoom uas muaj Christian qhov tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv tsis tub kom lub ntiaj teb no. Lub ntsiab cim - no "cogs" ntawm lub Stalinist system uas tsis tu ncua hauj lwm rau tsoom fwv.

tuag

Tom qab qhov kev tso tawm ntawm nws cult sau tau phem heev raug ntaus, lub neej dai nyob rau hauv qhov nqi koj tshuav. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim, nws tuag nyob rau hauv lub tsev kho mob los ntawm tus muaj zog tshaj hauv los ntshav nyob rau hauv Tej zaum 1978. Tsim kom muaj cov neeg ntawm ob peb strikers ua tsis tau tejyam. Cov ntaub ntawv sai sai hushed li thiab tsis muaj ib tug paub qhov tseeb npe ntawm cov killers ntawm lub zoo txiv neej. Nws yog noteworthy tias cov ntaus coj qhov chaw nyob ze ntawm lub Writers 'lub tsev, uas yog hais thiab Yuri.

Cov txheeb ze faus cov txawj sau ntawv rau Kuzminskiy tojntxas nyob hauv Moscow. Tom qab cov txawj sau ntawv tuag nws tej hauj lwm pom lub ntiaj teb no. Peb cov phau ntawv raug muab los ntawm tsev neeg thiab cov phooj ywg ntawm tus kws.