Yuav ua li cas yog qhov txawv insulating cov ntaub ntawv? Cov specifications thiab daim ntaub ntawv

Yog hais tias qhov kev ncua deb ntawm koj lub tsev yog txawm ib tug dog dig txoj kev, koj tsis tas yuav mus piav qhia txog dab tsi yog suab nrov thiab yuav ua li cas nws muaj feem xyuam rau cov tib neeg lub paj hlwb. Txawm nyob rau hauv qhov zoo tshaj plaws cov ntaub ntawv, nws yuav ua rau neeg qhov voos thiab muaj zog nervousness. Nws yuav tsum tau nco ntsoov tias suab nrov theem yog ntsuas nyob rau hauv decibels (dB). Raws li cov kab mob cai, thaum hmo ntuj, qhov no daim duab yuav tsum tsis txhob ntau tshaj 30 dB, thiab nyob rau hauv lub nruab hnub - 40 dB.

Yuav kom ua tau qhov no tshwm sim yuav pab ntau yam ntawm insulating cov ntaub ntawv, uas yog muaj nyob rau hauv ib tug ntau yam ntawm niaj hnub kev lag luam.

Ib me ntsis ntawm soundproofing

Lub hom phiaj ntawm cov ntaub ntawv yog kev tiv thaiv ntawm cov chaw zov los ntawm lub allergic tsis tseem ceeb suab nrov. Ib feem ntawm lub suab yog ncua thiab tawg khiav ri niab, thiab ib co ntawm nws yog reflected rov qab mus rau hauv ib puag ncig. Acoustic zoo ntawm cov vaj tse yog yus feem ntau los ntawm lub thickness ntawm cov phab ntsa. Lub thicker lawv yog, qhov tsawg yuav hais tias cov ntseeg nyob rau hauv cov huab cua yuav tsum tau mus rau cov hloov lawv lub zog. Muaj peev xwm "tshem tawm suab nrov" yog qhia raws li ib tug lub suab rwb thaiv tsev Performance index uas cov pa thaj vaj tse yuav tsum tau sib npaug zos rau ntawm 52 mus rau 60 dB. Nws possesses zoo muaj peev xwm ua vaj tse thiab bricks, thiab teev tej glulam. Plasterboard yog, piv txwv li, tsis zoo absorbs suab, tab sis nws muaj ib tug dlej reflectivity. Los ntawm txoj kev, hais txog nws. Yuav ua li cas insulating cov ntaub ntawv yeej zoo tau los tuav lawv cov suab nrov, es cia li muaj kev cuam tshuam nws, tsim ib resonance twb nyob rau hauv lub chaw?

suab absorbing

Suab haum yog tsiag ntawv los ntawm muaj peev xwm kiag li neutralize, tua nthwv dej deeg. Tebchaw uas muaj xws yam ntxwv, granular, fibrous los yog mesh. Raws li nyob rau hauv lub yav dhau los no, lub insulating cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv yog ntsuas siv ib tug parameter muaj npe raws li ib qho yooj yim mus twv, lub suab haum coefficient. Lub spectrum nyob rau hauv no qhov ntau yog tsis heev wide: los ntawm 0 1. Yog hais tias lub suab yog kiag li reflected, tus nqi index yog "0", yog tag nrho yaim - "1". Zoo ntaub ntawv rau sab hauv kho kom zoo nkauj lub tsev ntseg ib suab-insulating muaj peev xwm ntawm cov ntaub ntawv mus rau theem ntawm tsawg kawg yog 0.4.

Tej yam yooj yim suab absorbing ntaub ntawv

Kev siv cov ntxeem tau dej ntaub ntawv yog tsis tas muaj rau kev builders. Yog li ntawd, cia li fiberglass, uas yuav tsum tau muas ntawm yuav luag txhua lub khw tsev cov khoom yuav ntse hloov kev counterparts. Txawm lub txaj rau hauv pem teb yog ib tug tuab ntaub pua plag, koj yuav tau txais tshem ntawm lub annoying ncha. Txawm nyob rau hauv tus neeg mob qhov twg cov kev xaiv yog tsis zaum, muaj ntau txoj kev rau ho mus rau "pacify" cov ib puag ncig: cov rooj tog nrog ib tug tuab padding absorbs ib tug ntau ntawm cov suab nrov, raws li tau zoo raws li qhov hnyav yuav kub hnyiab tau, raws li tau zoo raws li lwm yam kev draperies.

Ntawm cov hoob kawm, yog tias koj ua tau, nws yog zoo dua rau muab tau txoj kev tiv thaiv tiv thaiv suab nrov. Acoustic ntxaij vab tshaus uas absorbing ntaub ntawv yuav tsum tau muas rau siv nyob rau hauv cov chav, qhov twg nrov nrov nrov tsis muaj cai nyob rau hauv tus (nurseries rau cov me nyuam mos). Feem ntau ntawm cov ntxaij vab tshaus yog tsim los ntawm designers thiab engineers thiaj li tsis txhob "override" lub zuag qhia tag nrho cov style ntawm cov cuab yeej. Nyob rau hauv luv luv, qhov no yog ib qho zoo heev suab-insulating cov ntaub ntawv uas rau cov phab ntsa hauv cov tsev apartment. Tu siab, nrhiav nws yuav tsis nyob rau hauv txhua txhua lub tsev loj tsev, thiab tus nqi yog tsis heev siab zoo.

Xis suab nrov nqi. Tshaj dua suab theem?

Zaum tau pom tias qhov nruab nrab neeg yog feem ntau xis ntawm 25 dB. Yog hais tias tus nqi yog tsawg dua, muaj yog paub ntau "ringing" lub silence uas evokes ib tug kev xav ntawm lub hlwb tsis xis nyob. Feem ntau nyob rau hauv cov neeg ntsiag to zam lub suab nrov theem ntawm 60 dB, tab sis, nrog tas mus li qhov chaw nyob nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam nrog rau cov nqi ntawm no Performance index 90 dB los insomnia, uas sai sai npaj mus ua ib tug neurosis, uas yuav ua tau nyob rau hauv mob loj heev kev puas hlwb kev ntshawv siab. Nyob rau ntawm 100 dB thiab saum toj no muaj ib tug uas yuav ntawm tag nrho cov tsis hnov lus zoo. Yuav kom tiv thaiv xws unfortunate txim cia li tib insulating cov ntaub ntawv uas yog siv. Lawv yog cov mos mos, semi-yeem thiab txhav.

Cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov khoom hom

Raws li ib tug txoj cai, lawv yuav ua rau lub hauv paus ntawm granulated mineral wool, tab sis muaj kev zam. Yog li ntawd, muaj cov ntaub ntawv uas muaj xws li tej yam ntuj tso pumice, "ua npuas ncauj" perlite, vermiculite. Lawv haum coefficient yog 0.5. Tus luj ntawm tej khoom yuav tsum tsis txhob ntau tshaj 300-400 kg / m ^3.

mos ntau ntau yam

Ib zaug ntxiv, lawv ua rau lub hauv paus ntawm lub tib lub mineral wool thiab fiberglass. Txawm li cas los, ntau npaum li cas uas feem ntau siv rau ntau yam ntawm cov pa kev wool felt yog heev nrov kuj. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, lub suab haum coefficient yuav sib txawv ntawm 0.7 mus 0,95. Ntawm cov hoob kawm, lawv muaj ntau sib zog tshaj yav dhau los versions: lawv qhov ceeb thawj tsis ntau tshaj 70 kg / m ^3.

Semi-zoo

Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no yog hais txog insulating cov ntaub ntawv rau tiaj tus, ua los ntawm lub khob los yog mineral fibers raws li hluavtaws cov ntaub ntawv. Piv txwv li, qhov no yog feem ntau siv raws li ib tug polyurethane ua npuas ncauj. Semi hom kuj muaj ib tug txaus siab haum coefficient, uas tej zaum yuav sib txawv los ntawm 0.5 mus 0.75. Lub hnyav yuav ncav cuag 130 kg / m ³ tab sis tsis ntau tshaj li Performance index 80 kg / m ^3. Yog li, nyob rau hauv Feem ntau nws yog pom zoo kom siv cov mos mos hom uas yam tsawg kawg nkaus qhov hnyav muaj zoo suab haum.

Yuav ua li cas los xaiv tus txoj cai cov ntaub ntawv uas rau lub neej quarters?

Txawm li cas los, cov kev xaiv ntawm lub 'cai' cov ntaub ntawv uas yog kev lom zem ntau kuj yog nyob ntawm seb hom suab cuam tshuam nyob hauv tsev. Yog li, lub chaw ua hauj lwm ntawm hluav taws xob khoom siv tsim ib tug thiaj li hu ua huab cua suab nrov (lub tshuab nqus tsev, cov plaub hau dryers, computers). Yog hais tias peb yuav sib tham txog mus taug kev, ntau yam kev tsim kho ua hauj lwm thiab lwm yam, nws yog tus nyob rau tej yam hom suab nrov. Nyob rau hauv peb tej yam kev mob, yog feem ntau kuj qhov teeb meem no thaum lub tsev ua tau yam uas tsis muaj kev siv ntawm ib txwm suab insulating cov ntaub ntawv thiab koom ua ke rau ib tug nruj heev ncej, nws dhau mus ua ib tug loj qhov chaw ntawm lub suab muaj kuab paug. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no peb yuav sib tham txog cov yam ntxwv suab nrov.

Suab rwb thaiv tsev ntaub ntawv nrog cellular qauv (pumice, polystyrene) ua ib qho hauj lwm zoo heev nrog poob siab loads. Cua suab nrov yog feem ntau cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov feem ntau ntawm cov pej xeem thaj chaw, beautifully damped los ntawm txoj kev fiber ntsa los yog lawv sib npaug. Alas, tab sis, nrog structural kev ntshawv siab yuav combated tsuas yog tom qab ib tug tsom xam txog tej yam kev tsim thiab kev siv ntawm tshwj xeeb gaskets nrog zoo suab zoo.

Tshem tawm huab cua suab nrov

Thov tsum paub hais tias tej yam ntxwv rau cov ntaub ntawv uas muaj peev xwm mus ntxaum dej plav suab nrov, yog ib tug thiaj li hu ua haum index (rw), uas yog qhia nyob rau hauv decibels. Nco ntsoov tsis txhob hnov nws rau tsev neeg chav tsev phab ntsa, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas lub insulating thaj chaw ntawm cov ntaub ntawv (siv nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho ntawm phab ntsa) twb sib npaug zos piv ntawm tsis tsawg tshaj li 50 dB. Peb twb tham txog lub suab haum coefficient: lub ze zog mus rau ib tug, lub zoo dua. Nyob chav tsev, qhov no daim duab yuav tsum muaj tsawg kawg yog 0.5.

Qhov tseem txhim khu kev qha txoj kev uas yuav tiv thaiv pliaj nrov nrov yog rau nruab ib tuab thiab loj heev sab hauv plag tsev. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no pov thawj aerated qhob blocks thiab qhob nrog txhab av nplaum inclusions txaus. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas cov phab ntsa lawm tiag tiag ib tug monolithic qauv. Lub xub ntiag ntawm tej kab nrib pleb los yog qhov yog tsis tau tso cai. Nws yuav tsum tau nco ntsoov hais tias hais tias txawv insulating cov ntaub ntawv rau phab ntsa yuav siv tau nyob rau hauv ib tug tsim, muab ib tug khoom thiab monolithic kev twb kev txuas therebetween. Qhov no yog tiav los ntawm kev siv high-zoo tshuaj. "Canonicity" Piv txwv li - ib lub phab ntsa ntawm qhob blocks, sib cais txojkev bricks los yog dag thiab / los yog tej yam ntuj tso pob zeb.

Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb, txawm li cas los, coj mus rau hauv tus account lub fact tias cov kev siv ntawm tej lug nyob rau hauv lub twb inhabited lub tsev - yog tsis tshua muaj yooj yim thiab tsis yog-tsis tseem ceeb. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, yog hais tias tus lub tsev nws tus kheej yuav ua tau cov zoo cov ntaub ntawv ib yam nkaus thiab, xws li ib tug kev ntsuas yuav txo tag nrho cov suab nrov los ntawm 10-15 dB, uas yog tsis txaus rau ib qho suab rwb thaiv tsev.

Ntau yooj yim dua thiab pheej yig dua mus ua ib tug muab faib rau lub hauv paus ntawm ib tug txaus muaj zog thiab txhav lug nrog ntau hom rwb thaiv tsev. Yog hais tias peb ua ib tug sib piv ntawm cov suab-insulating cov ntaub ntawv uas, nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, ntau npaum ntawm ib tug txawv koj yuav tsis pom txawm nrog lub cork flooring ...

Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, lub txhav substrate yuav tsum tau tsis tsuas lub cib los yog blocks, tab sis txawm pa gypsum board rau lub hauv paus ntawm cov cav ntoo, uas yog siv rau qhov siv thiab ua ib tug zoo degree ntawm lub qhuav tsob ntoo. Lub siab dua tus ceev, lub zoo dua cov suab insulating muaj peev xwm ntawm cov khoom. Ntawm cov hoob kawm, lub ntsiab luag hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub ntes ntawm suab nrov yuav ua si ib txheej ntawm mos cov ntaub ntawv. Raws li peb twb hais tias, feem ntau tsim nyog los siv fibrous ntau ntau yam, xws li mineral wool los yog fiber iav nyob rau hauv thaj chaw: lawv yog feem ntau zoo nqus cua suab nrov.

Nws yuav tsum tau nco ntsoov tias twb nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov zaum lub zoo thickness ntawm lub partitions yuav tsum tsis txhob yuav tsawg tshaj li 50 mm. Thiab lwm. Yam tsawg kawg 50% ntawm tag nrho cov ntim ntawm sab hauv partitions tas yuav sab laug rau lub insulating cov ntaub ntawv rau phab ntsa, vim hais tias tsis muaj kev kawm siab uas koj tau txais yuav tsis tau. Thiab tam sim no sib tham txog cov kev hom.

fiberglass

Nws ua los ntawm cov pa iav. Nws lub ntsiab yam ntxwv yog lub siab lub dag lub zog thiab elasticity thiab kev co. Muaj ntau insulating cov ntaub ntawv rau cov plag tsev no yog ua los rau lub hauv paus ntawm nias iav. Nws tus yam ntxwv vim lub fact tias nyob nruab nrab ntawm lub fibers muaj ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm cov huab cua khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg. Muaj ntau yam zoo zoo ntawm cov iav: nws yog kiag li unaffected los ntawm txawm tias ib tug qhib nplaim taws, muaj ib tug heev lub teeb yuag, tsis nqus noo noo thiab zoo heev pa dej permeability. Ntxiv mus, wool yog sib passive thiab tsis ua xeb nyob rau hauv lub hlau, uas hu. Qhov no yog qho tseem ceeb heev nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, raws li ua ntau insulating cov ntaub ntawv rau phab ntsa raws li nyob rau hauv nws. Thaum repairing flats nrog nws tsuas yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nco ntsoov tias tau txais mus rau hauv me me hais ntawm iav ntaub plaub nyob rau hauv lub pa system yog heev undesirable, thiab yog li ntawd nws yog tsim nyog los siv ib tug zoo ncauj.

mineral wool

Tej zaum, nws yog lub npe hu mus rau txhua txhua builder. Nws yuav tau ua los ntawm ib tug yaj (silicate) pob zeb thiab slag, uas metallurgical twj. Raws li nyob rau hauv lub yav dhau los cov ntaub ntawv, cov khoom uas tsis raug mus qhib nplaim taws thiab tsis ua xeb hlau lug uas yog nyob rau hauv kev sib cuag. Zoo heev muaj peev xwm rau suab haum vim lub muaj nyob rau hauv nws cov qauv loj heev npaum li cas ntawm fiber, uas yog nyob rau hauv ib tug kiag li chaotic, interweaving ntawm daim ntawv no.

ib qho tseem ceeb daim ntawv ceeb toom

Tsis txhob xav yuam kev rau cov mineral wool thiab fiberglass raws li tus yam ntxwv sib txawv ntawm cov fibers. Thaum glasswool nws ntev yog tsis tsawg tshaj li 5 cm, thaum lub mineral fiber web no daim duab tsis pub tshaj 1.5 cm. Ntxiv mus, tus thawj khoom (mineral wool) yog considerably yooj yim, thiab nws tus nqi yog me ntsis qis. Nyob rau hauv tshwj xeeb yog ua pa nrov chav feem ntau muaj los npaj thiaj li hu ua zaj ceilings: reflecting nws hais yuav muaj kev cuam tshuam ntxiv suab, thaum nws mos mos ntaub ntawv nraaj nqus. Tsis ntev los no muab tso rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm lub "haiv neeg" qab nthab thiab ib tug txheej txheej ntawm ib tug acoustic txheej.

Manufacturing ntawm multilayer panels

Mus piv rau lub chaw ua hauj lwm, npaj yuav lub ntsiab ntawm lub system ZIPS. Lawv yuav siv tau raws li ib tug zoo suab rwb thaiv tsev-txheej phab ntsa ua los ntawm ib qho nyuaj ntaub ntawv (av ci los yog qhob). Structurally, xws panels yog yooj yim heev, txij li thaum lawv muaj xws li nyuaj panels thiab ib tug yuav tsum vov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm gypsum board. Sam "nyuaj" muaj xws li tag nrho cov tib phab ntsa ntub dej, uas alternates khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg ntawm cov mineral wool los yog fiberglass. Tseem ceeb yog qhov tseeb hais tias nyob rau hauv qhov sib txawv cov chav, koj yuav xaiv tus qauv tshwj xeeb nrog sib txawv thickness 'ntawm uas twb muaj lawm cov ntaub ntawv uas. " Nyob rau hauv kev rau no hom ntawm ua ib co insulating cov ntaub ntawv rau lub qhov rooj.

Plus xws panels yog hais tias lawv tsis muaj ib tug hlau ncej, muaj heev me me qhov hnyav thiab yuav fastened mus rau phab ntsa los ntawm cov pa ntoo screws ntawm haum ntev. Nco ntsoov tias ntawm cov kabmob phab ntsa los yog muab faib nws yog advisable mus rau qhov chaw ib tug tshwj xeeb gasket rau suab rwb thaiv tsev. Tsis zoo li yav dhau los cov ntaub ntawv, ZIPS belongs rau hauv qeb ntawm tsis zoo combustible, uas txwv kev siv cov panels nyob rau hauv tus da thiab lwm qhov chaw nyob qhov twg muaj ib tug tau ntawm kev sib cuag nrog rau kev qhib nplaim taws.

Nyob ntawm seb tus qauv, lub thickness ntawm tej khoom yuav ncav cuag 13 centimeters. Nrog rau qhov no qhia suab rwb thaiv tsev Performance index yog 18 dB. Yog li, thaum attaching ZIPS ib tug raug phab ntsa thickness rau ntawm qhov tsev, zvukozaschischennosti degree yuav mus txog 63-65 dB. Nco ntsoov: siv xws insulating cov ntaub ntawv rau cov phab ntsa ntawm lub kho yuav ua tau ncaj nraim xwb, yog hais tias muaj zog kev coj tus kheej lug, raws li cov square meter hnyav ZIPS yuav ncav cuag 21 kg, thiab txawm ntau dua.

Yuav ua li cas los tiv thaiv tiv thaiv tej yam suab nrov?

Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no nws yog tsim nyog los siv xws li lug, uas yuav ua rau thiab disperse suab tsis, es nqus lawv. Rau lub hom phiaj no, tsim ntxeem tau, elastic cov ntaub ntawv. Cov feem ntau siv cov kev xaiv uas tshwj xeeb los uas muab tso rau hauv theem ntawm tiav lawm pem teb installation.

cork hauv ob sab phlu

Ib cim ntuj cov ntaub ntawv uas, yog tsis raug mus rau qhov kev txiav txim ntawm pwm, hluav taws kub, fungi thiab nas. Heev inert nyob rau hauv tshuaj cov ntsiab lus uas, yog kev ruaj ntseg kiag rau tag nrho cov hom ntawm cov hlau lug. Cov kev pab cuam lub neej yuav muaj nqi tshaj 40 xyoo. Qhov tseem high-zoo ntau ntau yam yuav txo tau cov theem ntawm tej yam suab nrov los ntawm 12 dB ib zaug. Alas, tab sis tus nqi yog feem ntau negates tag nrho cov zoo ntawm cov khoom, raws li ib square meter yog nug rau tsib los yog rau las. Thaum hoob no yog kim kim ... Yog hais tias tsis yog rau no fact, cork plag tsev yuav piav raws li "qhov zoo tshaj plaws insulating cov ntaub ntawv."

ua npuas ncauj

Ntau "nyiaj txiag" kev xaiv tiv thaiv tawm tsam tej yam suab nrov. Foamed polyethylene muaj ib tug ntom ntawm los ntawm 20 mus rau 80 kg / m ^3, uas ua rau lub tau ntawm nws siv yuav luag tag nrho cov hom ntawm thaj chaw. Nws muaj ob peb ntau yam:

• Tsis-crosslinked. Molecules tej txheeb ze rau txhua lwm yam los tshuaj bonds. Cov uas pheej yig tshaj ntau yam, yuav txo tau lub suab nrov theem los ntawm peb mus rau plaub decibels.
• Lub cev crosslinked. Ib txhia ntawm cov molecules ntaub ntawv ib tug ncaj tuab qauv. Nyob rau hauv no txoj kev, lub suab rwb thaiv tsev thaj chaw ntawm ntau yam zameno saum toj no (los txo cov suab nrov los ntawm tsib los yog rau decibels). Nyob rau lub hauv paus ntawm no hom ua, ib co insulating cov ntaub ntawv rau lub qab nthab.
• Sib crosslinked. Cov molecules muaj ib tug muaj zog daim ntawv cog lus nrog txhua lwm yam. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim, cov khoom muaj ib tug ua tau zoo me ntsis xwb ua tsis tau zoo rau cov neeg ntawm lub cork hauv ob sab phlu.

Tsis hais txog ntawm lub hom polyethylene yog zoo siv thaum mounting lub pob zeb Screed, nws muab tso rau nyob rau hauv lub floorboard thiab laminate. Nyob rau hauv tej rooj plaub, tej zaum nws yuav siv tau los ntxiv dag zog rau cov pob qij txha. Lub cev muaj zog, resistant rau ntau cov tshuaj. Cov thiab yog li ntawd yuav tsum tsis txhob yuav siv nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam uas muaj yog ib qho qhib nplaim taws. Nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm ultraviolet tawg yog sai poob nws tiv thaiv cov khoom. Nws yog undesirable rau nteg ib tug substrate nyob rau hauv lub presences haus luam yeeb, vim muaj zog txhua yam loads nws sai sai ris tawm. Yog ya raws, uas nyob rau hauv tej rooj plaub tsim lub preconditions rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm puab. Dua li no, raws li nyob rau hauv nws ua ib tug ntau ntawm lub suab-insulating cov ntaub ntawv rau cov plag tsev (hauv ob sab phlu), raws li polyethylene yog heev uas tsis muaj nqi.