Lub electrode tej zaum - yog lub electrostatic tej zaum qhov sib txawv ntawm cov ntsha thiab cov electrode. Tshwm sim xws li muaj peev xwm vim pob tawg lawm cov nqi uas yog opposite nyob rau hauv kos npe rau ntawm lub interface theem sib cais tsim ib qho hluav taws xob muab ob npaug rau txheej. Lub spatial sib cais ntawm cov nqi nyob rau lub interface ntawm cov hlau electrode thiab cov ntsha tshuaj vim tej phenomena li cov kev hloov ntawm cov hlau ions nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm kev tsim kom muaj ib tug electrochemical equilibrium thiab adsorption ntawm ions ntawm cov ntsha ntawm lub electrode nto; xaav roj sab nraum lub zoo them ion siv lead ua ntxaij ntoo; uas tsis yog-Coulomb adsorption ntawm ions los yog molecules ntawm cov kua ntawm lub electrode. Tsaug rau lub yav tas ob phenomena electrode peev xwm yog tsis pes tsawg, txawm yog hais tias, thaum tus nqi ntawm cov hlau nto yog sib npaug zos rau zero. Lub meej nqi ntawm cov peev xwm ntawm ib tug tib electrode tsis txhais rau cov qauv no yog siv cov kev sib piv ntawm cov kev siv thiab cov kev kuaj electrodes. Lub electrode peev xwm yog sib npaug zos rau cov magnitude ntawm lub electromotive quab yuam (EMF) , tau nyob rau hauv lub electrochemical Circuit Court. Rau dej-raws li lub ntsiab nws yog ib qho siv hydrogen electrodes. Raug cov ntsiab ntawm cov hom yog siv raws li chiv keeb nyob rau hauv ib tug ntau yam ntawm electrochemical ntsuam, thiab kuj nyob rau hauv electroplating pab kiag li lawm. Hydrogen electrode - ib tug hlau los yog ib tug phaj ua los ntawm cov hlau uas absorbs hydrogen gas (feem ntau siv platinum los yog palladium). Tej phaj-hlau yog noo nrog hydrogen ntawm atmospheric siab thiab ces raus nyob rau hauv ib tug aqueous tov nplua nuj nyob rau hauv hydrogen ions. Lub peev xwm ntawm xws li ib tug phaj yog xwm yeem mus rau concentration ntawm ions nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj. Lub caij no yog ib lub benchmark, nws yog ntsuas tus txheeb ze mus rau lub electrode peev xwm ntawm ib tug tshuaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv.
Thaum lub sij hawm los ua ke ntawm electrochemical hlwb raws li hydrogen thiab pab kiag li lawm txhais rau ib tug saum npoo ntawm ib tug platinum pab pawg neeg hlau ntws tshuaj tiv thaiv (reversible), uas txhais tau tias los yog rov qab los yog oxidation. Hom ntawm cov txheej txheem nyob rau hauv lub peev xwm ntawm lub caij tu ncua cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. hydrogen electrode tej zaum yog txiav txim yuav tsum tau pes tsawg thaum lub hydrogen siab yog hais txog ib tug huab cua, lub proton concentration ntawm cov tshuaj - ib tug mol ib liter, thiab kub - 298 K. Yog hais tias lub analyzed caij nyob rau hauv cov kev siv tej yam kev mob, i.e. thaum lub ion kev ua si rau lub peev xwm ntawm lub tsev, thiab roj siab - 0.101 MPa, cov nqi no yog hu ua ib tug qauv peev xwm. By ntsuas lub EMF ntawm lub electrochemical electrode nyob rau hauv tus qauv tej yam kev mob, xam tus qauv electrode peev xwm ntawm ib tug tshuaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Feem ntau, qhov no tus nqi yog ntsuas nyob rau hauv tej yam kev mob nyob qhov twg tag nrho cov thermodynamic tej zaum-cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev ua si sib npaug zos rau kev sib sau, thiab cov roj siab yog 0.01 * 105Pa. Lub peev xwm ntawm mus soj ntsuam lub caij yog hais tias yuav zoo yog hais tias ib tug "tam sim no qhov twg los" hom nyob rau hauv lub sab nraud Circuit Court lub electrons txav ntawm sab laug mus rau sab xis thiab nyob rau hauv lub ntsha - lub zoo them hais.