Yuav ua li cas yog lub active thiab reactive zog?

Muab xam los ntawm cov hluav taws xob lub zog siv los ntawm muaj los yog tsev neeg hluav taws xob kws yog feem ntau yog nqa tawm nrog rau tag nrho cov hwj chim ntawm lub fais tam sim no ntws los ntawm lub ntsuas Circuit Court. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no muaj ob index reflecting hwj huam tas nrho nqi ntawm qhov kev pab cov neeg siv. Cov nuj nqis no hu ua kom nquag plias thiab reactive zog. Lub hwj huam tas nrho yog lub sum ntawm cov ob tsis. Lub fact tias xws li kom nquag plias thiab reactive zog thiab yuav ua li cas mus saib tus nqi ntawm cov kev them nqi, peb yuav sim piav qhia txog nyob rau hauv no tsab xov xwm.

hwj huam tas nrho

Raws li tsim kev xyaum, cov kev pab them tsis net lub hwj chim, uas yog ncaj qha mus siv nyob rau hauv kev khwv nyiaj txiag, thiab tag nrho, uas cia enterprise kws kho mob. Paub qhov txawv cov nuj nqis rau cov chav nyob ntawm kev ntsuas - lub hwj huam tas nrho yog ntsuas nyob rau hauv volt-amperes (VA), thiab pab tau - nyob rau hauv kilowatts. Active thiab reactive zog siv los ntawm tag nrho cov energized los ntawm qhov hluav taws xob network.

active zog

Lub active feem ntawm cov hwj huam tas nrho puas pab tau kev ua hauj lwm thiab hloov siab los ntseeg mus rau lub hom ntawm lub zog uas yog tsim nyog rau tus neeg. Ib feem ntawm tsev neeg thiab muaj cov khoom siv nyob rau hauv lub xam ntawm active thiab khees hwj chim yog tib yam. Cov xws li - fais cookers, cov qhov muag teeb, hluav taws xob, cua sov, irons thiab ironing presses thiab thiaj li nyob.

Yog hais tias ib tug passport muaj cov active hwj chim ntawm 1 kW, tag nrho cov hwj chim ntawm xws li ib tug ntaus ntawv yuav tsum yog 1 Kva.

Lub tswvyim ntawm reactive hwj chim

Qhov no zoo ntawm lub hwj chim yog xam qhovkev nyob rau hauv chains, raws li ib feem ntawm cov uas muaj reactive ntsiab. Reactive zog - yog ib feem ntawm tag nrho cov muaj peev xwm mus ua, uas yog tsis siv nyob rau hauv pab tau ua hauj lwm.

Electric Circuit Court DC tswvyim ntawm reactive hwj chim yog tsis tuaj kawm ntawv. Lub chains AC reactive tivthaiv tshwm sim xwb nyob rau hauv lub rooj plaub thaum muaj inductive los yog capacitive load. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no muaj ib tug tsis sib xws nyob rau hauv tam sim no theem mus rau lub voltage theem. Qhov no theem ua haujlwm ntawm voltage thiab tam sim no yog denoted «φ» cim.

Nrog inductive load lag theem cai nyob rau hauv lub Circuit Court ntawm lub capacitive - nws ua ntej. Yog li ntawd, tus neeg los tsuas yog ib feem ntawm tag nrho cov muaj peev xwm thiab lub ntsiab losses yog vim lub useless cua kub kiag li lawm thiab cov khoom siv nyob rau hauv kev siv.

Fais fab losses tshwm sim vim muaj cov hluav taws xob pab kiag li lawm inductive coils thiab capacitors. Vim hais tias ntawm lawv, nyob rau hauv lub Circuit Court rau tej lub sij hawm muaj ib tug cia hnab khib txog hluav taws xob. Tom qab ntawd, cov muab lub zog yog noj rov qab mus rau hauv lub Circuit Court. Los ntawm kev ntsuas, raws li ib feem ntawm lub hwj chim noj uas muaj ib tug reactive tivthaiv ntawm hluav taws xob, yog portable hwj chim cov cuab yeej, electric motors thiab ntau yam khoom vaj khoom tsev. Qhov no tus nqi yog payment noj mus rau hauv tus account lub particular hwj chim tshaj, uas yog denoted li cos φ.

Muab xam los ntawm reactive hwj chim

Hwj chim tau lus dag nyob rau hauv ntau ntawm 0.5 mus 0.9; lub caij nyoog muaj nqis ntawm no parameter muaj nyob rau hauv phau passport ntawm lub tshuab. Tag nrho cov hwj chim yog yuav tsum tau txiav txim raws li lub quotient ntawm faib lub active hwj chim los ntawm tus coefficient.

Piv txwv li, yog hais tias tus passport muaj ib tug hluav taws xob xyaum hwj chim 600 W thiab tus nqi 0.6, ces tus hwj huam tas nrho noj los ntawm tus dais no yog sib npaug zos rau 600/06, i.e. 1000 VA. Nyob rau hauv lub qhaj ntawv ntawm passports rau xam unit hwj huam tas nrho piv yuav npaum li cas raws li 0.7.

Txij li thaum ib tug ntawm lub ntsiab kev pab raws qib ntawm cov uas twb muaj lawm fais fab mov systems yog qhov tus me nyuam pab tau hwj chim rau tus neeg siv kawg, lub reactive hwj chim losses pom tau hais tias yuav muaj ib tug tsis zoo tshaj, thiab ib qho kev nce nyob rau hauv no daim duab hu mus rau lo lus nug cov hauj lwm zoo ntawm hluav taws xob Circuit Court raws li ib tug tag nrho. Qhov nqi koj tshuav ntawm active thiab reactive hwj chim nyob rau hauv lub Circuit Court yuav graphically sawv cev nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug txaus luag daim duab:

Tus nqi ntawm cov coefficient ntawm tsis sau npe

Lub siab dua lub hwj chim tshaj qhov tsawg yuav tsum yog tus losses ntawm active zog - thiab yog li qhov kawg neeg nqi hluav taws xob zog noj me ntsis cheaper. Nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav nce tau tus nqi ntawm no coefficient nyob rau hauv hluav taws xob siv ntau yam nyiaj hom kev kawm nontarget hwj chim losses. Compensating ntaus ntawv yog generators outstripping tam sim no smoothing cov theem lub ntawm tam sim no thiab voltage. Rau tib lub hom phiaj, yog tej zaum kuj siv capacitor bank. Lawv muaj kev cob cog nyob rau hauv thaum uas tig mus rau lub lag luam Circuit Court thiab siv raws li synchronous compensators.

Xam tus nqi hluav taws xob rau lwm yam neeg

Rau ib tug neeg siv kom nquag plias thiab reactive zog nyob rau hauv cov nyiaj yog tsis muab qhia - on lub scale ntawm kev noj qhia txog cov reactive hwj chim yog tsis muaj. Yog li ntawd, lwm cov neeg muas zaub rau ib lub hwj chim tau ntawm mus txog 63 A them ib tug nqi, nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov uas hluav taws xob noj yog pom tias yuav ua kom nquag plias. Ntxiv losses nyob rau hauv txoj saw rau lub reactive zog yog tsis nyias faib thiab tsis them.

Ris rau reactive zog rau cov lag luam

Lwm yam - tuam txhab uas muag thiab cov koom haum. Nyob rau hauv industrial cov vaj tse thiab muaj chaw ntsia ib tug zoo tus naj npawb ntawm hluav taws xob khoom siv, thiab ib tug tag nrho hluav taws xob nkag muaj ib tug tseem ceeb ib feem ntawm lub zog dav hlau uas yog yuav tsum tau rau lub lag luam ntawm hluav taws xob thiab lub hwj chim blocks. Active thiab reactive zog nkag los tuam txhab uas muag thiab cov koom haum nyob rau hauv kev xav tau ntawm ntshiab kev sib cais thiab lwm txoj kev ntawm kev them nyiaj rau nws. Lub hauv paus rau cov kev cai ntawm lub enterprise-tsum sib raug zoo thiab hluav taws xob kawg-cov neeg siv nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv uas yog ib tug raug daim ntawv cog lus. Raws li cov kev cai teem tawm nyob rau daim ntawv no, lub koom haum uas haus hluav taws xob ntau tshaj 63 A, xav tau ib tug tshwj xeeb ntaus ntawv uas muab readings rau reactive zog accounting thiab kev them nyiaj.
Network chaw tsim ib tug counter reactive lub hwj chim thiab nqi raws li nws zaj lus tim khawv.

Reactive hwj chim tshaj

Raws li twb tau hais, lub active thiab reactive fais fais fab mus rau ib tug nqi rau cov faib cais kab. Yog hais tias tus piv ntawm qhov ntim ntawm hluav taws xob noj reactive thiab tsis pub tshaj tus tsim cai, ces cov nyiaj them rau reactive zog yog tsis them. Qhov ratio yog tsim txawv, nws txhais li cas tus nqi yog 0.15. Saum toj no no pib siv enterprise tswv yim teeb compensating ntaus ntawv.

Reactive zog nyob rau hauv cov tuam tsev apartment

Ib tug raug neeg ntawm hluav taws xob yog ib tug chav tsev nrog ib tug tseem ceeb fuse ntawm hluav taws xob consumed nyob rau hauv excess ntawm 63 A. Yog hais tias ib lub tsev tau tsuas kev kho kom haum, cov nqi rau cov reactive zog yuav tau them. Yog li, cov pej xeem hauv ib chav tsev saib them tsuas yog rau tag nrho cov hluav taws xob nkag rau hauv lub tsev tam sim no-tsum. Cov tib cai siv tsev cooperatives.

Kev mob ntawm accounting reactive hwj chim

Muaj tej lub sij hawm thaum muaj high-sawv lub tsev thiab coj mus muag koom haum, thiab qhov. Hluav taws xob mov nyob rau hauv xws tsev yog tswj los ntawm cais kev cai. Piv txwv li, sib cais tej zaum yuav qhov loj ntawm lub qhov chaw nyob. Yog hais tias nyob rau hauv ib tug tsev lub tsev coj mus muag koom haum nyob tsawg tshaj li ib nrab ntawm cov usable cheeb tsam, cov nyiaj them rau reactive zog yog tsis them. Yog hais tias tus Harbor feem pua yog ua zoo tshaj, ces muaj yog kev them nyiaj khi rau reactive zog.

Nyob rau hauv tej rooj plaub, lub tsev yog tsis raug zam los ntawm kev them nqi rau reactive zog. Piv txwv li, yog hais tias tus lub tsev kev twb kev txuas cov ntsiab lus ntsia lawd rau qhov, them rau cov kev siv ntawm reactive hwj chim yog cais tsuas yog rau cov khoom no. Chav tswv tseem them nyiaj rau kev active zog.

To taub qhov xwm ntawm tus active thiab reactive zog ua rau nws ua tau rau kom xam nyiaj txiag nyhuv uas cov installation ntawm ntau yam nyiaj pab kiag li lawm los txo cov piam sij tshwm sim los ntawm lub reactive load. Raws li statistics, cov pab kiag li lawm cia koj mus tsa tau tus nqi ntawm cos φ los ntawm 0.6 mus 0.97. Li txiav compensating ntaus ntawv yuav txuag tau li ib feem peb ntawm cov hluav taws xob nkag tau txais kev pab. Ib tug tseem ceeb yuav txo tau ntawm tshav kub tsis tsub kom lub neej ntawm cov khoom thiab machinery ntawm ntau lawm chaw thiab thiaj li cov nqi ntawm tas cov khoom.