Yuav ua li cas kom paub hnub no lub puas siab puas ntsws qauv ntawm tus neeg?

Los ntawm kev kawm ntau tshaj ib xyoo pua cov cwm pwm raws li ib tug puas siab puas ntsws tshwm sim, soj ntsuam tau tuaj mus rau txawv cov lus xaus hais txog ntau yam.

Feem ntau hnub no yog lub puas siab puas ntsws qauv ntawm tus cwj pwm, muaj plaub yam:

• orientation los yog aspiration (raws li tau zoo raws li lub installation, worldview, qhov tseem ceeb, kev ntshaw, kev txaus siab, hom phiaj);
• muaj peev xwm los yog muaj peev xwm (muaj peev xwm, kev txawj ntse, cwj pwm tsis zoo);
• cim, qhia nyob rau hauv ib tug txheej ntawm tej yeeb yam uas uniquely ua ke nrog txhua lwm yam;
• vim li cas - tiam sis kev txiav txim kom tau qhov tseem ceeb cov hom phiaj.

Tag nrho cov Cheebtsam yog kev cob cog rua rau txhua lwm yam, thiab nws yog tsis yooj yim sua xav txog tej yam uas muaj ib yam ntawm lawv muaj nyob rau hauv kev rho tawm, vim hais tias peb yeej ib txwm sib tham txog ib tug txiv neej, uas nws yog leejtwg tiag yog multifaceted, cim thiab nthuav. Nws yuav ua tsis tau tawm nyob rau hauv cov xwm, tsis muaj tsis muaj muaj peev xwm los yog tsis muaj siab kawm thiab rau siab rau ib yam dab tsi yog yeej ib txwm muaj.

Puas siab puas ntsws qauv ntawm tus cwj pwm - ib tug txheej ntawm sib xyaw yam uas txiav txim seb lub uniqueness ntawm txhua tus neeg.

Raws li twb tau hais ua ntej, yuav ua li cas tuaj mus rau ib tug kev pom zoo, soj ntsuam coj thiab muaj pov thawj nws theories, tej zaum contradictory. Nyias kheej Cheebtsam xws li kev xav, kev cwm pwm, volitional zoo, siab luv li.

Niaj hnub no pom tau hais tias yuav lub fact tias muaj yog ib yam dab tsi kev sib raug zoo, thiab muaj purely tus kheej rau tus neeg. Qhov no mus kom ze rau lub rho tawm ntawm lub Cheebtsam nrhiav tau hu ua "kev thiab puas siab puas ntsws cwm pwm qauv." Nws yog ib lub feem ntau tag, muaj kuab, txij li thaum cov qauv ntawm cov Cheebtsam muaj yav tas los lawm tsis saib tsis xyuas: vim biologically tej yam tshwm sim tib neeg (luv li, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov paj hlwb, pw ua ke, lub hnub nyoog). Nyias faib ib tug social tivthaiv (yuav, lub hlwb dab, ua kom pom tseeb thiab kev). Tom qab no sib cais, ncav suab, nws los ua tseeb zoo li cas ntawm cov yam ntxwv nyob rau hauv lawv tus kheej, peb muaj peev xwm hloov los yog kho vim ce, kev cob qhia, kev kawm ntawv, thiab uas yog tsis tau (social tejzaum lom - tsis muaj). Thiab cov ntsiab lus "yog kim heev."

Thawj lub hom phiaj npaj nyob rau hauv nws lub sij hawm Freud. qauv ntawm tus cwj pwm nyob rau hauv nws to taub thiab nyob rau hauv sawv cev ntawm nws cov thwjtim muaj peb yam: kuv, saum toj no, thiab Ono. Nyob rau hauv lub "Kuv", nws to taub yam uas muab lwm tswj tus cwj pwm ntawm tus neeg (siab, nco qab, kev xav). Nyob rau hauv lub "top" - rau ib feem ntawm tus neeg uas yog lub luag hauj lwm raws kev cai nrog kev ncaj ncees tswv yim, qhov tseem ceeb. "Nws" - tsis nco qab lawm nyob rau hauv tus txiv neej, namely, nws instincts, cov muaj siab rau Library tsis muaj kev txwv thiab kev txwv. Kuv top yog nyob rau hauv qhov teeb meem nrog Nws, suppressing nws ces.

Qhov no thawj saib dab xws moments, uas pom tau hais tias muaj tseeb puas siab puas ntsws cwm pwm qauv yuav tsis muab txhais, namely tus nyob rau hauv lub qauv ntawm cov psyche nco qab lawm. Delving rau hauv txoj kev tshawb no ntawm cov qauv ntawm cov xeem tivthaiv, Freud, thiab tom qab ntawd nws cov thwjtim sab ntau phenomena uas noj qhov chaw, tab sis lawv lub neej yog tsis "haum" nyob rau hauv ib tug "tsoos" kev tshawb xav. Qhov no thiaj li hu ua tiv thaiv mechanisms thiab tshuab uas yog tshwm sim nyob rau hauv peb tus cwj pwm, nyob twj ywm nco qab lawm. Xws li ib tug teeb meem no yuav tsum nyob twj ywm unchanged, txij li thaum kawm ntawm lawv cov kev tiv thaiv mechanism (piv txwv li, lub muab los ntawm lwm yam tsis zoo puas, unrealistic), peb tsis pub peb tus kheej ntawm nws, thiab yog li ntawd yuav tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv koj psyche. Yog hais tias qhov no txoj kev yog tsim nyog, yog li ntawd, muaj yog ib tug zoo yog vim li cas. Qhov tshaj plaws xwb tag nrho cov psychologists pom zoo (theoreticians, practitioners, soj ntsuam) - lub siab yog ib tug self-regulating system, tsis tau kawm txog rau thaum xaus.

Yog li, raws li ib tug tshwm sim ntawm kev tshawb fawb puas siab puas ntsws cwm pwm qauv tau nrhiav ib tug ntau dua los yog tsawg ntshiab ntaem. Txhua lub peb theories hais no muaj ib txoj cai nyob ua ib ke, vim hais tias lawv yuav tsis nrog kom, tab sis complementary, enabling peb tsim ib lub tswv yim rau lawv tus kheej raws li cov tswv cuab ntawm genus, nrog uniqueness thiab originality, nrog nws tus kheej cov yam ntxwv, zoo thiab tsis zoo.