Yuav ua li cas knead qhob: proportions (rooj)

Ua ntej tov ua vaj tse, cov feem ntawm qhov uas yuav tsum tau qhia rau hauv qab no, koj yuav tsum xaiv txoj cai. Feem ntau hais lus, pob zeb yog sib tov ntawm txhua hom aggregates thiab cement. Yog li, lub pob zeb muaj gravel, pebbles, gravel, xuab zeb thiab xis mas. Ntawm lwm yam, tshwj xeeb cov khoom siv xws li cov yas yas siv tau. Lawv txoj hauj lwm yog los muab ntau yam khoom siv. Nws yog ua tau rau ib leeg tawm ntawm lub ntsiab ntawm lub pob zeb, uas yog lub dag lub zog. Raws li lub zog ntawm kev daws tom qab muab, nws muab faib ua qeb.

Muaj pes tsawg leeg

Yog tias koj xav txog kev sib xyaw ua vaj tse, cov feem ntawm qhov yuav sau rau hauv tsab xov xwm, koj yuav tsum xub paub tias qhov yooj yim ntawm cov pob zeb muaj cement thiab coarse xuab zeb. Xws li ib qho kev daws teeb meem, raws li txoj cai, yog siv los ua ib qho substrate nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntawm lub tsev. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, ib tug me me ntawm dej yog ntxiv rau lub composition, thiaj li hais tias cov daws gains ceev raws li ntub av. Yog hais tias muaj ib qho yuav tsum tau npaj kom muaj ntau cov pob zeb, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tau ua raws li cov pob zeb uas muaj pob zeb, uas yog qhov txawv ntawm 3 hli mus txog 35 hli.

Xaiv ntawm proportions

Ua ntej koj yuav muab cov pob zeb, lub kev faib ua feem yuav tsum tau tshawb. Rau ntau lub hom phiaj nws yuav tsim nyog los npaj pob zeb ua kev sib txawv. Piv txwv, yog hais tias nws yuav tsum tsim kom muaj kev sib tw, ces, xaiv qhov muab tub lim, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tau xaiv ib qho uas muaj qhov nruab nrab lossis ntiav ntiav. Tib yam siv rau pouring vaj huam sib luag lub vaj, décor ntsiab, thiab cov kauj ruam. Cov feem ntau yog rau cov kev ua vaj tse yog 1: 3: 6, raws li kev sib tsoo, cov xuab zeb thiab cov aggregate. Ntawm lwm yam, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog yuav tau siv ib nrab los yog ib feem ntawm cov dej, uas yuav txiav txim siab los ntawm qhov fluidity ntawm qhov kev daws teeb meem.

Yog tias koj tab tom xav txog kev sib xyaw ua ke, cov feem ntawm cov khoom yuav tsum raug muab coj los rau hauv koj tus account, tab sis nws yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev them nqi rau cov khoom xyaw. Yog li, yog cov xuab zeb muaj cov ntsiab lus ntau dua li niaj zaus, nws yuav tsum tau ua ntej yuav qhuav, vim nws yuav muaj qhov hnyav dua li qhov uas yuav tsum tau ua rau qhov kev kho kom yog. Tib yam siv rau gravel.

Piv txwv rau qhov kev npaj ntawm ib hom kev lag luam

Nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav npaj qhob M100 hom ntawm cement M400, koj yuav tsum tau siv xis mas, xuab zeb thiab gravel nyob rau hauv lub nram qab no piv - 1: 4.6: 7. Tab sis rau kev siv ntawm M 150 pob zeb nws yuav tsim nyog los npaj txhua tus tib yam ntaub ntawv, tab sis nyob rau hauv ib qho txawv me ntsis, nrog cov xis mas siv rau hauv ib seem, thaum xuab zeb yuav siv nyob rau hauv lub ntim ntawm 3.5, tab sis rubble yuav tsum ua ntawv thov 5.7. Rau kev npaj ntawm M200 pob zeb nws yuav tsim nyog los npaj cov khoom teev rau hauv ib feem ntawm 1: 2.8: 4.8. Yuav kom npaj tau qhov qhab-nees ntawm qib M 250, nws yuav tsum tau npaj cov ntaub ntawv hauv qhov feem 1: 2,1: 3,9. Los npaj M 300 ntawm tus tswv yuav tsum tau nqa cov ntaub ntawv rau qhov feem ntawm 1: 1.9: 3.7. Ntau hom qhaj M 400 yuav tsum tau yog tias cov ntaub ntawv raw siv tau hauv ib feem ntawm 1: 1.2: 2.7. Qhob hom M 450 tawm los, yog tias koj thov ib tug piv ntawm 1: 1.1: 2.5.

Tej yam yuav tsum muaj rau cov khoom

Ua ntej tov ua vaj tse, yuav tsum ua tib zoo saib ua ntej. Tab sis nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb tsis yog yuav tsum yog qhov tseeb, tab sis kuj yuav tsum coj mus rau hauv tus account cov cai uas raug yuam rau txhua feem ntawm qhov kev daws teeb meem. Piv txwv li, yog tias koj siv hom MAAs M 400 es tsis txhob ntawm M 500, tom qab solidification qauv yuav tsis tau raws li muaj zog. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv yog, manipulation ntawm lub pob zeb ua tsis tau ua nyob rau hauv ib tug kub hauv qab no 16 ⁰ C. Yog hais tias qhov yuav tsum tau sawv, nws yuav tsim nyog los siv plasticizers.

Ua ntej tov ua vaj tse, cov qauv no tau kawm zoo. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau them nyiaj rau lub xeev ntawm tus kheej cov khoom. Maas, piv txwv li, yuav tsum tsis tsuas yog yuav xoob, tab sis kuj qhuav. Tsis txhob yuav cov cement, uas muaj ib pob los yog muaj cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov dej noo noo. Tsis txhob yuav ib yam khoom uas tsis sau npe. Nws nyiam ua ntej yuav pib ua haujlwm rau lub sijhawm ua ntej pib ua haujlwm, vim hais tias thaum lub sij hawm cia nws tuaj yeem khaws cov dej noo thiab poob nws cov kev zoo. Lub sij hawm pom zoo rau kev yuav khoom ntawm cement yog 2 lub lis piam ua ntej pib ua hauj lwm.

Yuav tsum muaj cov xuab zeb

Yog tias koj tab tom xav txog cov nqe lus nug ntawm kev sib txuas ua ke puas tsim nyog, qhov feem xyuam rau nws txoj kev npaj yuav tuaj yeem pom saum toj no. Nws yog tsim nyog yuav tsum coj mus rau hauv tus account qhov zoo ntawm cov xuab zeb uas yuav siv rau hauv txoj hauj lwm. Siv rau pob zeb yog preferable mus rau xuab zeb, lub fractionality ntawm uas txawv ntawm 1.5 mus rau 5 mm. Nws yog pom zoo kom siv cov xuab zeb ntawm cov npuaj teeb, nws yuav tsum tsis muaj impurities hauv nws muaj pes tsawg leeg. Xyuas kom tsis muaj khib nyiab hauv cov xuab zeb thiab cov nroj tsuag khib nyiab. Lub xub ntiag ntawm tag nrho cov Cheebtsam yuav muaj ib feem nyob rau hauv lub zoo ntawm lub pob zeb ua. Tom qab koj tau kawm nyob rau hauv hom twg ua rau pob zeb ua ke, koj tuaj yeem pib ua haujlwm. Tab sis tsis txhob siv cov ntaub ntawv uas tsis tau sim kom zoo. Yog li, rau kev ntseeg, xuab zeb yog preferable mus dhau los ntawm ib tug sieve. Nws yog pom zoo kom siv cov dej xuab zeb rau kev ua zoo siab, txawm tias qhov tseeb tias nws tseem kim tshaj piv rau dab tsi yog hu ua cov pob zeb.

Fillers

Yog tias koj txhawj txog cov nqe lus nug ntawm kev sib tov ua ke, cov feem ntawm cov lus yuav pab txiav txim siab. Nws tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum coj los rau hauv koj tus account qhov zoo ntawm cov aggregates. Lawv muab lub zog ntawm cov qhob tov tom qab hardening. Yog li ntawd, tsis txhob siv li ib txwm lossis hiav txwv pebbles, uas muaj ib tug tus nto thiab tsis tau lees tias tus tuav nrog cov tshuaj. Nws raug pom zoo kom siv cov khoom uas tau raug tawm los ntawm qhov xwm txheej. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yog siv rau kev npaj ntawm qhob txhab clay, uas yog muaj zog txaus, tab sis tib lub sij hawm nws muaj ib tug negligible luj. Thaum xaiv gravel, koj yuav tsum tau ua raws li ib feem ntawm 8 mus txog 35 hli. Ntau lub ntsiab faction yog siv ntau lawm, uas yog tsawg heev. Hauv qhov no, nws tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum tau coj los xav txog qhov tseeb tias cov aggregates yuav tsum muaj tsawg tshaj li ntawm cov av nplaum ntawm cov av nplaum. Yog tias muaj kev xav tau, koj yuav tsum tau muab cov khoom raw ntawm cov khib nyiab uas txawv teb chaws. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum xaiv xws li ib tug tub lim tub rog, uas muaj qhov loj tshaj plaws roughness. Qhov no yuav ua kom muaj lub siab zoo.

Lwm yam ntxiv

Yog tias koj xav txog yuav ua li cas muab cov pob zeb sib tov ua ke rau hauv cov pob zeb ua ke, cov khoom uas tau muab los saum no tuaj yeem siv los ntawm koj. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau kev coj mus rau hauv tus account tsis tsuas yog kev sib raug zoo, tab sis kuj yuav tsum tau rau ntxiv Cheebtsam. Ntawm lawv, txiv qaub yuav raug rho tawm. Nws yuav tham txog hauv qab no. Nws yog tsim nyog yuav tau siv cov dej zoo zoo thaum muab cov tshuaj khib nyiab. Nws yuav tsum huv, nws yuav tsum tsis txhob muaj cov thim rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm acids thiab alkalis. Nws tsis yog siv tsis siv lossis dej, dej ntawm lub pas dej. Dej, haum rau haus, yuav siv tau nyob rau hauv kev npaj ntawm pob zeb ua ke.

Additives

Yog hais tias muaj ib qho yuav tsum tau ua ntau yooj yim rau tso, txiv qaub yuav siv tau nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm kneading qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg. Tom qab muab cov tshuaj tov nrog nws txoj kev siv, nws yuav yooj yim dua rau qib. Tab sis nws yog tsim nyog nco ntsoov hais tias cov txiv qaub muaj peev xwm hindering ib pawg ntawm xis mas nrog ib tug muab tub lim uas muaj nyob hauv cov kab no, uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau lub zog. Yog li, siv txiv qaub los yog tsis, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los daws tus tswv. Tsis txhob xav tias nws daim ntawv thov yuav tsis tshua yooj yim, nws tsis tas yuav tsum tau muab tua rau nws tus kheej. Xwb, koj muaj peev xwm siv ready- slaked txiv qaub muag nyob rau hauv lub khw ntawm lub tsev cov ntaub ntawv.

Nyob rau hauv xaus

Ua ntej tov ua vaj tse, cov phom sij (hauv ib qho kev to taub lawv tsis txawv) yuav tsum ua tib zoo kawm. Qhov no yuav ua kom tau txais cov pob zeb zoo tshaj, uas tom qab qhov tawv qhwv yuav pom tau tias muaj zog.