Thaiv silicate: tus yam ntxwv, daim ntawv thov thiab kev txheeb xyuas

Ib tug ntawm cov hiob ntaub ntawv siv nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho, uas yog siv los ntawm cov neeg rau ntau centuries, yog ib tug cib. Txij ancient sij hawm cov qauv ntawm cov nws cov yog xyaum tsis tau hloov, tab sis hnub no cov khoom no - ib qho ntawm feem siv nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho. Txawm li cas los, nrog rau txoj kev tshiab technologies tau tsim tshiab hloov cib unit, ntawm uas lub feem ntau lug siv yog ib ntu silicate.

niaj hnub cov ntaub ntawv uas

Rau cov neeg tsis paub ntawm kev tsim kho cov ntaub ntawv, cib yog muab faib ua ob hom: cov dawb thiab liab. Liab thaiv nyob rau hauv kev lus hu ua tej hub thiab dawb yog ib ntu silicate. Dawb thaiv nyob rau hauv lub tsev ntaub ntawv ua lag luam yog tus tsis ntev los no. Nyob rau hauv no hais txog, nws yuav tsis khav rau tib nplua nuj keeb kwm raws li ib tug tej hub cib. Silicate blocks, txawm li cas los, nquag txais tej hub nyob rau kev siv ntawm statistics thiab ib tug ob peb xyoo lawm, lawv tau muaj pov thawj yuav tsum tau muaj zog thiab check khoom.

Phab ntsa silicate thaiv yog siv raws li ib tug high-sawv thiab tsawg-sawv siv: lub masonry sab hauv thiab sab nrauv saum toj no-av qhov chaw hauv lub phab ntsa, cua ducts (lub nthab), phab ntsa nyob rau hauv industrial thiab thaj vaj tse, warehouses, garages, ntseej, vaj tsev nyob. Tsev codes txwv tsis pub cov erection ntawm no cov ntaub ntawv uas plinth lug, nws yuav siv liab bricks.

Yuav kom ua tau lub chaw ua hauj lwm nrog rau cov khoom tseem ceeb yog paub dab tsi yog qhov txawv silicate blocks. Lawv cov yam ntxwv nyob rau cov qauv thiab cov txiav txim rau qhov lo lus uas peb cheeb tsam ntawm lawv daim ntawv thov.

Dawb blocks raug muab faib mus rau hauv hom nyob rau hauv ob tsis:

• Qauv.
• Sij hawm.

qauv blocks

Raws li cov qauv ntawm cov silicate cib blocks yog:

1. Corpulent - monolithic tsab xov xwm nyob rau hauv uas lub xov tooj ntawm keeb tsis pub tshaj 13%.
2. Hollow - lub xov tooj ntawm voids nyob rau hauv lawv yog hom twg los ntawm 13-50%, tab sis lub zoo yog xav tau lub emptiness ntawm mus txog 35%.

Hollow bricks txawv feem pua, tus naj npawb thiab qhov luaj li cas ntawm voids nyob rau hauv lub cev. Cov feem ntau siv los yog:

• chav tsev nrog peb voids, qhov nrog ib lub cheeb ntawm 52 hli, hollowness - 15%;
• thaiv nrog kaum ib voids, qhov - 30 mm, 25%;
• thaiv nrog kaum plaub voids, qhov - 30 mm, 30%.

Lub qhov nyob rau hauv lub thaiv lub cev ho ua rau kom lub insulating thaj chaw ntawm cov khoom. Lawv kuj muaj kev cuam tshuam rau tus nqi ntawm masonry sib tov: tus loj dua cov voids nyob rau hauv lub thaiv, lub ntau dua tus nqi ntawm cov tshuaj yuav tsum tau. Cov phab ntsa hauv hollow blocks yuav tsum ntxiv insulate.

Muab ib cov ntaub ntawv

By lub sij hawm dawb bricks yog distinguished raws li nram no:

1. Siv cov kev faib, xa mus rau raws li tib yam, - full-bodied, nrog ib tug me me muaj pes tsawg tus ntawm voids blocks silicate. Paub meej ntawm no cov ntaub ntawv uas muab siab durability uas enables mounting ntawm kev coj tus kheej cov phab ntsa, txhua, tug ncej, partitions ntawm lub lag. Nyob rau qhov no cov ntaub ntawv uas tso cai rau muaj cov roughness, tej kab nrib pleb los yog repelled, raws li yuav tom qab tau them los ntawm masonry finish.
2. Ntawm lub ntsej muag - hollow bricks, uas yog siv rau cov façade cladding. Lub ntsiab yuav tsum tau rau nws - lub uniform xim thiab tus zoo tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj. Lawv yuav tsum tau them nrog ib tug zoo nkauj imitation.

Yuav ua li cas nws yog?

Raug silicate blocks yog ua rau tsis raug rho tawm haujlwm technology. Cov khoom yog ib yam khoom uas muaj ib tug parallelepiped zoo thiab yog npaj rau masonry phab ntsa. Nyob rau hauv zus tau tej cov txiv qaub-moisturized siv kremnezomistaya los yog txiv qaub-xuab zeb sib tov raws li cov phau ntawv thiab fillers. Cov Cheebtsam yog ua autoclaved thiab compression.

Lub caij nyoog muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm lub silicate sib tov yog raws li nram no:

• Nyiaj siv ua haujlwm siv txiv qaub;
• xuab zeb rau kev tsim silicate khoom;
• belite sludge;
• unosnye tshauv los ntawm thermal fais fab nroj tsuag;
• slag xuab zeb;
• zoloshlakovyh zoo grain sib tov;
• pigments, alkali-resistant (chromium oxide);
• zoo tib yam dej.

Lub zog ntawm cov slag thiab cov hmoov tshauv yog xws li tias lawv yog kiag li los yog hloov los ntawm quartz xuab zeb, uas thiaj li muaj qhov ceev ntawm silicate block. Qhov no pab lub dag lub zog thiab insulating zog. Tsis tas li ntawd nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no ho - los ntawm 40% - phau ntawv tivthaiv decreases thiab thiaj li lub sij hawm noj autoclaving, uas thiaj li nqi silicate blocks txog 20%.

Cov blocks yuav muaj ib tug thawj zaug xim cov ntaub ntawv - grey - yog yuav dawb lias thaum cov kauj ruam ntawm kev npaj cov xim tov yog ntxiv.

Yuav tsum muaj specification rau silicate blocks yuav muaj nyob rau hauv cov nram no cov kev cai:

• GOST 23421-79.
• GOST 379-95.
• SNIP 3.03.01-87.

Qhov zoo ntawm silicate blocks, tswvyim ntawm cov neeg siv

Lub chaw ntawm no cov ntaub ntawv uas, raws li kev txheeb xyuas, yog tshwm sim los ntawm ib tug ntau ntawm nws zoo zoo:

1. Lub kuj tsis tshua muaj nqi nyob rau hauv kev sib piv nrog rau lub analogue ntawm ceramics.
2. Nyob rau silicate blocks tsis tsim efflorescence, tsis muaj teeb meem ntev npaum li cas dhau los tso masonry los ntawm lawv. Tej hub cib yuav tsis khav ntawm xws zog.
3. Thaiv silicate muaj ib tug qhia tau lub dag lub zog yam ntxwv tshaj ib tug tej hub thaiv, nyob rau hauv lub chav kawm ntawm lub sij hawm thiab cov uas raug tsim keej pib crumble.
4. Cov khoom yog ib qho yooj yim mus ua hauj lwm. Yuav kom ua lub masonry phab ntsa dawb cib, nws tsis yuav tsum tau tshwj xeeb cov lus qhia.
5. Qhov no cib yog siv rau cov erection ntawm phab ntsa nyob rau hauv zus tau tej cov muaj Enterprises, raws li nws muaj zoo suab rwb thaiv tsev yam ntxwv.
6. Txij li thaum lub thaiv yog tsim los ntawm tej yam ntuj tso cov ntaub ntawv, nws yog environmentally tus phooj ywg thiab tsis emit teeb meem tshuaj thaum lub sij hawm.
7. Cov khoom yog check txaus: rau 50 xyoo ntawm lub lag luam tsis plam nws zoo.
8. Lub tsev ntawm silicate blocks tau tiav txaus nyiam vim rau yav tom ntej tsim qualities ntawm dawb cib.
9. Vim qhov uas tsis yog raug rho tawm haujlwm technology muaj ib tug tsawg dua tus nqi muab piv nrog liab bricks.
10. Txawm tias muaj tseeb hais tias te-resistant zoo ntawm cov xuab zeb-txiv qaub cib loses rau lwm cov khoom, nrog lub sij hawm, qhov teeb meem no hloov: cov te kuj thiab durability yog nce nyob rau hauv cov nuj nqis ntawm huab cua carbonation khoom.
11. Hollow khoom muaj nuj nqis txo tus luj ntawm builders yog li ntawd thiaj li muaj cov load rau hauv lub hauv paus.
12. Qhov no cov ntaub ntawv uas muaj ntau hom, me me qhov ntev ua rau nws tau los tsim kom tau sib txawv architectural ke.

Tsis zoo blocks uas kos tus cim rau tau txais kev pab

Tsis zoo ntawm lub tuam tsev no cov ntaub ntawv uas ho thiaj li possibilities rau nws siv.

Thaiv silicate, tsis zoo li lub hub thaiv tsis muaj zog thiab heat- resistant cov yam ntxwv. Yog li ntawd, raws li evidenced los ntawm lub tswv yim, nws siv rau kev tsim kho ntawm hauv paus, vaj tse cellars, qhov dej, sewers thiab lwm yam nrog ib theem siab ntawm av noo yog tsis tau. Cov dej yog ib tug ceev ceev degradation ntawm cov khoom.

Tus thawj kab ntawm masonry ntawm cov chav nyob yuav tsum tau ua ntau theem ntawm snowfall - txog ib nrab ib Meter los ntawm qhov av, los yog masonry cev qhuav dej. Kom txog rau thaum cov blocks nteg tej hub thaiv los yog ib lub tsev khoom.

Tsis tas li ntawd, cov neeg siv tau qhia hais tias qhov no cov ntaub ntawv uas yog tsis haum mus nqa tawm kev tsim kho ntawm masonry qhovcub thiab lub raj, nws tsis yog tawv thiab puas yog nyob rau hauv kev sib cuag nrog cov hluav taws.

Rau qhov kev siv ntawm multi-storey vaj tse nws tseem yog ib tug me me khoom - silicate block. Nws ntev yog ib tug me ntsis lawm lub sij hawm thav duab ntawm lub chaw ua hauj lwm pom zoo.

kev faib ntawm chav nyob

Nyob ntawm seb uas cov khoom muaj nyob rau hauv nyob tus yeees ntawm cov khoom, yog ib tug dawb cib:

• txiv qaub-tshauv - yog muaj li ntawm 23% txiv qaub thiab 77% tshauv;
• xuab zeb-txiv qaub - ib txwm dawb thaiv uas muaj 92% quartz xuab zeb thiab 8% ntawm txiv qaub;
• Txiv qaub-slag - nws muaj xws li quartz xuab zeb yog hloov los ntawm cov ntxeem tau sib slag (kwv yees li 92%) nrog tas li ntawd ntawm txiv qaub los ntawm 3 mus rau 12%.

Cheebtsam yuav tsum varied nyob rau hauv yog kev taw qhia los ntawm 2-3%.

Raws li cov dej nyob rau hauv lub ntoos sib xyaw cov silicate yog ntxiv li ntxoov neeg sawv cev, i.e. nyob rau hauv qhov tsawg kawg nkaus tus nqi mus cuag ib tug tov molding zoo, qhov no tov yog hu ua txhav Vaum nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj yog hais txog 8%.

loj Daim ntawv

Niaj hnub no, feem ntau manufacturers nyob rau hauv kev ua lag luam ntawm lub tsev ntaub ntawv ua bricks ntawm txawv ntau thiab tsawg pab, nrog rau cov dawb bricks - silicate block. Qhov ntev yog nws:

1. Tib - muaj qhov ntev 250 x 65 x 120 hli (L x H x W), nruab nrab ceeb thawj - 3.6 kg. Qhov no kev faib ua feem yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws cib sab rau alternating transverse thiab longitudinal kev tso kawm ntawm tus blocks nyob rau hauv lub masonry.
2. Tsaub (modular) - muaj qhov ntev 250 x 120 x 88 hli; hnyav - tsis ntau tshaj li 4.3 kg. Yeej, cov blocks yog hollow cib nrog ib tug corrugated nto.
3. Ob chav - muaj qhov ntev 250 x 120 x 103 hli. Yeej, qhov no hom ntawm chav tsev yog hollow, yog li feem ntau siv los mus nqa khaub-ncaws nyias masonry.

blocks Ntau

Ib tug ntau yam ntawm tib yam dawb cib yog pazogrebnevyh silicate block. Qhov no cov ntaub ntawv uas yog ib lub phaj los ntsuas 500 x 70 x 250 hli nrog qhov kev tso kawm rau lub sidewalls pazogrebnevyh xauv. Qhov yuav tsum tau tsim xws li ib tug qauv yog tshwm sim los muaj lub siab xav mus pab txhawb lub erection ntawm phab ntsa partitions thiab txo zus tau tej cov no tej hauj lwm.

Qhov Cub Xob muaj ib tug sib tov ntawm dej, silica xuab zeb pob txiv qaub thiab quicklime, yus muaj los ntawm nplaim taws kuj thiab tej friendliness. Raws li kev txheeb xyuas, vim mus rau qhov zoo huab cua permeability nyob rau hauv lub chav tsev tsim ib tug xis kev nyab xeeb, cov ntaub ntawv uas tsis rot, warp, nqus suab zoo. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov khoom no yuav tsum tsa ua ib tug muab ob npaug rau txheej ntawm cov dej ntws yaug mounted network thiab rwb thaiv tsev.

xaus

Lub ntsiab zoo ntawm cov khoom no yog qhov yooj yim ntawm lub lag luam, durability thiab txaus nyiam tsos ntawm vaj tse muaj therefrom. Vim li no cov txiv qaub thaiv tau qhov tseeb nws tus kheej nrog ob kev builders thiab tsev craftsmen.