Sudan nyom: sau qoob technology, noob nqi, noob thiab lom nta

Sudan nyom (los yog Sudanese sorghum, Sudan nyom) - high-yielding cov qoob loo. Nws hlob nyob rau hauv zoo tagnrho tej yam kev mob mus rau peb meters, txoj kev ua ib tug ntawm hauv paus 120 mus rau lub stems. Nrog kom zoo ua liaj ua teb kev sau qoob muab ib cov ntaub ntawv txhua xyoo grasses cov zaub noj cov qoob loo. Nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm silage, hay, tshiab-txiav ntsuab loj, nws yog siv rau cov qab ntawm cov nyuj.

Sudan nyom: lom nta

Pias sudanense belongs rau lub genus Pias. Muaj zog fibrous paus system yuav loj hlob los ntawm 2.5 m nyob rau hauv qhov tob thiab qhov dav ntawm 75 cm. Glabrous cylindrical kav sau dawb spongy parenchyma. Tsis yog txhua txhua ntau ntau yam yog siab. Muaj kuj yog ib tug compact cog siab tsawg tshaj li ib lub 'meter' nrog ib tug me me (txog rau 12 tua) thiab nruab nrab (12-25) tillering. Txawv ntau ntau yam thiab zoo ntawm lub hav txwv yeem:

• Txhim tsa.
• Recumbent.
• Reclining.
• Sprawling.
• Slaboraskidistye.

Lub nyiam beveling slaboraskidistye upright fab, ces Sudanese sorghum nrog cov yam ntxwv yog feem ntau. Nyob rau hauv lub tropics, nws hlob heev Sudanese nyom, ib tug yees duab uas yog amazing. Nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab feem ntau compact cultivated ntau yam cov nyom Mironovskaya 8, 12, 100 Kinelsky, Aida, Hercules 3 Chernomorka, Volgogradskaia 77 azimuth Brodskaya 2 innovator 151 Severyanka, Novosibirsk 84 Kamyshinskaya 51 Zonalskaya 6 thiab lwm tus neeg.

khoom noj khoom haus cov khoom

Sudan nyom raws li hay thiab zaub yog ib tug zoo noj zaub mov. Ntsuab protein loj - 3%, protein - 4.4% suab thaj - 7,9-9,1%. Sudan nyom advantageously tov nrog legumes, nyob rau hauv particular - alfalfa. Tej mixtures muaj ntau noo nrog calcium, protein, nitrogen-dawb extractive tshuaj. Lub abundance ntawm tuab ntsuab loj, ua hauj grazing thiab muaj peev xwm loj hlob sai sai (thaum lub sij hawm lub caij ntuj no - 4-5 lub sij hawm) ua kom lub Sudanese ib tug ntawm qhov zoo tshaj plaws pasture grasses.

Cov zaub mov zoo ntawm quav nyab nyob ntawm seb txiav lub sij hawm. Yog hais tias nws sau nyob rau hauv lub buttonhole theem ntawm cov khoom los cawm ib tug ntau ntawm cov nqaij nyoos protein - 14-16%. Txawm ntau protein (14,2-18,9%) yog fwm yog txiav Sudan nyom nyob rau hauv booting theem. Silage yog pom zoo kom sau thaum lub grain yog poured. Los ntawm txoj kev, silage nutritionally piv rau pob kws.

Cov cuab yeej ntawm cultivation ntawm tus Sudan nyom

Rau sowing noob nyob rau hauv qib siab precursors yog zaub, cereals cov qoob loo (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog lub caij ntuj no). Yuav Tsum pre-ua ntawm nroj tsuag xwb. Siberian kev tshawb fawb lub koom haum kev tshawb fawb tau qhia tias nyob rau hauv lub tej yam kev mob ntawm lub hav zoov-steppe dlej noob tawm los yog tau tom qab zog tsim perennials, pob kws.

Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb los kho cov av, noj mus rau hauv tus account lub hom thiab zoning. Tsim ntawm tag nrho cov yooj yim kev kho mob yog nqa tawm nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj zeeg. Qhov no yuav pab kom tu cov av noo noo nyob ib cig lub caij nplooj zeeg rains thiab daus. Nyob rau hauv Western Siberia (steppe cheeb tsam) nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj zeeg sib sib zog nqus (25 cm) plowed teb nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav kom noo nyob rau hauv lub ob lem yog ntsia hlau loj-hniav harrow. Tuab si lug, thiab dov teb planners ua ntej thiab tom qab cog muab tus phooj ywg tua.

Nrog rau cov kev zam ntawm nraum rau av yog tsis xav tau Sudan nyom. Lom nta muab ib tug zoo sau txawm nyob rau saline pawg neeg thaj av. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws ua ntej tswv taum mog, pelyushka, vetch, alfalfa, zaub qhwv, qos yaj ywm. Nws no kuj pab tau kom loj hlob legumes, ua ke nrog lub Sudanese sorghum.

Ceev muaj nyob rau ntawm tus thawj thiab thib ob txiav nyom, lub loj ntsuab loj yuav loj hlob nyob rau hauv lub tom ntej no 2-3 txiav system. Pom zoo rau ntxuav hay tshuab xiav nyom lawn txias. Kuav los tiag stems sai thiab zoo podvyalivayut accelerates ntuj kom qhuav.

kev npaj ntawm noob

Noob ntawm Sudan nyom teb rau seedbed npaj. Etching yog alternated nrog ib tug thermal cua-cua kub, los kho tus mob microfertilizers. Noob tau lom mem tes ua ke yuav ciaj sia noo microelements muaj tsawg heev noj ntawm chiv.

Ib txoj kev uas mus qhib biochemical thiab physiological dab - txau ua ntej cog tshwj xeeb kev daws teeb meem uas muaj boron (yuav tsum tau hloov nrog zinc) thiab manganese. Nyob rau hauv 2 liv ntawm dej twb yaj 15-18 g ntawm poov tshuaj permanganate thiab ib txwm 6-9 g ntawm boron los yog zinc ntsev. Qhov no yog tus nqi txaus rau lis 1 quintal ntawm noob. Yuav kom tusyees faib lub noob kom huv si do dua. Ua ntej sowing, lawv yuav tsum qhuav.

Ib tug ntau niaj hnub txoj kev seedbed npaj - vernalization. Lub thawv yog poured 20 litres ntawm cov dej nchuav quintal ntawm noob. Tos kom txog thaum lub noob yog kiag li nqus dej. Ces lawv coj tawm thiab tsim rau hauv me me piles, kom nyob rau hauv tus mob no 8 hnub nyob rau hauv qhov tsaus ntuj nti ntawm 20-30 c. Yuav kom tiv thaiv lwj, loj tsis tu ncua nyob, duav. Nws yog tsim nyog los saib xyuas lub germination nqi. Yog hais tias lub noob daug ceev heev, raked pawg. Vernalization yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog zoo rau noob qoob loo.

yub nqi

Tsuas yog nyob rau hauv sov av (+10 C) Sudan nyom yog cog. Cov yub nqi txawv nyob ntawm seb lub yub txheej txheem. Nrog rau cov neeg tas mus li txheej txheem - nyob rau hauv ntau 25-30 kg ib 1 ha. Thaum shirokorjadnyj txoj kev nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam arid ib nrab tus nqi - 10-15 kg. Thaum lub nplua mais ntawm noo noo noob kev tso kawm tsim mechanized mus rau ib tug tob ntawm 3-5 cm nyob rau hauv ntawm qhuav, lub teeb xau lub noob muaj kos ntxaum -. 6-8 cm Yog hais tias Sudan nyom yog sown nyob rau hauv ib tug sib tov nrog lwm leej lwm tus. Cultures, tus nqi ntawm yub yog txo los ntawm 15-25%.

seedbed npaj

Seedbed npaj tsho. Yog hais tias koj hla ib tug ntawm cov kauj ruam yuav muab txo druzhnost germination, tillering, tawm los. Tus txheej txheem yog:

1. Shelling.
2. Sib sib zog nqus plowing.
3. Early caij nplooj ntoos hlav harrowing.
4. Ob-lub sij hawm pre-sowing sau qoob.
5. Pre-sowing av compacting.
6. Posleposevnoe packing ntawm av.

Lub sij hawm ntawm chiv kom loo. Pom zoo nqi ib 1 hectare: 20-30 kg ntawm potash, phosphate 30-45 kg, 30-45 kg ntawm nitrogen chiv.

pab zog

Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd mus rau ib qho tshaj sau ntawm ntsuab fodder loj, Sudan nyom nyhuv lig rau hauv av, suppress nroj. Vim muaj zog fibrous keeb kwm kab lis kev cai tej breathability thiab dej muaj peev xwm ntawm cov av, loosens lawv, ua yooj yim dua lug, dej nrog dej dhau heev lawm. Loosening cov av nrog nyom zoo breathable, pab av microorganisms thiab cua nab propagate zoo los ntawm speeding li cov kev ntawm humus. Cov nroj tsuag lawv tus kheej yog tsawg mob, productivity yuav tsub kom.

Sudan nyom muaj peev xwm loj hlob nyob rau hauv saline xau muaj xws li tso cai kev sib hloov unsuitable rau lwm cov qoob loo saline. Nyob rau hauv qhov chaw nyob qhov twg yaig zuj zus, nws no kuj pab tau sow no tshuaj ntsuab nrog haib tuab keeb kwm uas tuav av hais los ntawm lub weathering, leaching.

Tab sis muaj nuances. Zoo li cov pob kws, Sudan nyom stretches ntawm cov av ntau microelements, impoverishing nws. Nws daws tau qhov teeb meem ntawm ob leeg cog ib tug leguminous annuals. High-zoo hnav khaub ncaws chiv kuj restores microbial tshuav nyiaj li cas.