Solzhenitsyna Natalya Dmitrievna: A Biography, tus kheej lub neej

Solzhenitsyna Natalya Dmitrievna yog lub editor thiab compiler ntawm tag nrho tej hauj lwm (30 tagnrho), daim ntawv sau los ntawm nws tus nto moo tus txiv, uas mus los ntawm 2007. Nws - Lavxias teb sab pej xeem daim duab, tus tswv cuab ntawm lub Board of Trustees ntawm lub Fund, "cov Dawb cov ntaub ntawv" thiab cov Board of Trustees ntawm lub rooj txhawb siab Solovetsky monastery. Tsis yog ib tug feeb yog tsis zaum kaw, yog tsis so rau hauv lub laurels ntawm nws tus txiv txoj kev vam meej thiab tseem tseem yog nws ua hauj lwm Solzhenitsyna Natalya Dmitrievna. Solzhenitsyn Fund yog tsis muaj nws cov ntsiab kev koom tes yog tsim los pab nyob rau hauv 1974 nyob rau hauv Zurich, nyob rau hauv 1992, nws twb pauv mus rau Moscow. Hais txog nws, peb yuav hais tias qhov no yog ib tug zoo nkauj heev, nplooj siab thiab zog ua hauj lwm poj niam uas los ua ib tug pab thiab sab tes xis dissident txawj sau ntawv Aleksandra Isaevicha.

Solzhenitsyna Natalya Dmitrievna: A Biography

Svetlov nws lub npe hluas nkauj, nws tau yug los Lub Xya hli ntuj 22, 1939 nyob rau hauv Moscow. Nws txiv yog Dmitri Ivanovich Velikogorodny (1904-1941 g). Nws yog ib tug neeg uas Stavropol peasants thiab yug nyob rau hauv lub zos ntawm Malaya Dzhalga. Tom qab ntawd nws kawm nyob rau Moscow lub koom haum ntawm Red xibhwb rau cov zajlus department ntawm postgraduate txoj kev tshawb no. Nyob rau hauv 1941 nws tau mus ploj lawm nyob ze Smolensk. Solzhenitsyn niam yog Catherine Ferdinandovna Svetlov (1919-2008 g), nws yug los nyob rau hauv Moscow thiab kawm tiav los ntawm lub Moscow Aviation lub koom haum.

Yawg ntawm Natali Dmitrievny Svetlov Ferdinand Yurevich (1884-1943 g) yog ib tug tswv cuab ntawm lub Socialist Revolutionary tog, thiab ces ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv cov ntawv xov xwm "Izvestia". Rau ib nrab ib xyoo ua ntej nws twb yug los, nws twb puas tau raug ntes thiab tom qab ntawd tuag nyob rau hauv lub gulag.

Txiv tshiab D. K. Zhak (1903-1973 g) txij li thaum 1949 tau rau kev kawm ntawv statistics thiab nyiaj txiag, nws yog tus sau ob peb cov khoom rau hauv lub statistical accounting. Nws tus kwv yau - Lavxias teb sab thiab Soviet kws sau paj lug Veniamin Zhak.

Kev kawm ntawv thiab cov hauj lwm

Solzhenitsyna Natalya Dmitrievna kawm tiav los ntawm lub Moscow State University, Txhua yam thiab Lej kws qhia ntawv. Tom qab kawm tiav lub tsev kawm ntawv tseem mus ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv txoj kev kuaj ntawm zauv statistics.

Nws thawj tus txiv yog Andrei Nikolaevich Tyurin, tus naas ej Soviet thiab Lavxias teb sab mathematician, uas Natali Dmitrievny muaj ib tug tub Dmitri (1962-1994 g) ntawm nws yog tam sim no loj hlob tus ntxhais xeeb ntxwv.

Lub rooj sib tham nrog Solzhenitsyn

Nyob rau hauv lub yim hli ntuj 1968, Natalia tau ntsib nrog Solzhenitsyn. Thiab puas tau txij li thaum nws los ua nws secretary, editor thiab pab nyob rau hauv tag nrho nws tej xwm txheej, thiab feem ntau cov tseem ceeb - leej niam ntawm nws peb zoo tub Ermolai (1970), Ignatius (1972), Stepan (1973). Official sib yuav lawv tau muab nyob rau hauv 1973.

Solzhenitsyna Natalya Dmitrievna laug nrog plaub tug me nyuam los ntawm cov USSR rau sab hnub poob tom qab nws tus txiv. Nyob rau hauv 1976 lawv tsev neeg twb deprived ntawm kev ua pej xeem ntawm lub USSR, uas twb zoo tu qab tso ntau npaum li cas tom qab ntawd - nyob rau hauv 1990. Tsuas yog 4 xyoo tom qab, precisely ntau nyob rau hauv 1994, nws, nrog rau Aleksandrom Solzhenitsynym thiab cov me nyuam rov qab mus rau Russia.

Nyob rau hauv 2000, Cuaj hlis 20, nyob rau hauv ib lub tsev nyob rau hauv Trinity Lykovo Solzhenitsyn tau ntsib nrog Thawj Tswj Hwm Putin thiab nws tus poj niam Lyudmila.

Nyob rau hauv 2009, Putin V. V., thaum nws yog nyob rau hauv txoj hauj lwm ntawm prime minister, qhia ib tug lub siab xav mus tham nrog Solzhenitsyn tsev neeg. Lub ntsiab lub ntsiab lus ntawm lawv cov kev sib tham yog txoj kev tshawb no ntawm Solzhenitsyn tus txojsia nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab lub tsev kawm ntawv.

Alexander Solzhenitsyn

Nrhiav rau cov biography Natali Dmitrievny, peb yuav tsis nyob rau nws tus txiv Alexander Solzhenitsyn, uas tau yug los nyob rau hauv Kislovodsk nyob rau hauv 1918, nyob rau 11 Hlis ntuj nqeg. By lub sij hawm no, nws txiv tau tuag lawm, thiab nyob rau hauv 1924 lub tsev neeg tau mus Rostov-on-Don. Muaj, nyob rau hauv 1941, nws tau txais ib tug lub tsev kawm ntawv kev kawm ntawv, muaj kawm physics thiab kawm txog zauv department. Tab sis tsis ntev tsov rog pib, Solzhenitsyn tau mobilized, thiab tom qab tus tub ceev xwm lub tsev kawm ntawv nws raug xa mus ua tsov ua rog. Ua ntej lub Great yeej Solzhenitsyn raug ntes rau anti-Stalinist lus hais nyob rau hauv nws cov tsiaj ntawv uas nws sau ntawv mus rau nws tus phooj ywg N. Vitkevich. Alexander Solzhenitsyn tau zaum nyob rau hauv Lyubyanskoy thiab Butyrka tsev lojcuj, nws twb raug txim mus rau 8 xyoo nyob rau hauv lub camps. Biography ntawm Solzhenitsyn tus tsuas tsis yooj yim sua rau lub ntsab lug nyob rau hauv ib tug ob peb lo lus, nws yog ib tug heev interenaya cwm pwm - peb niaj hnub Dostoevsky, uas muaj ntau lub ambiguous tus cwj pwm raws li txiav tiaj tseeb ncaj nyob rau hauv lub qhov muag.

muaj tswv yim txoj kev

Impressions ntawm camp lub neej nyob rau hauv lub tshiab Yeluxalees, thiab ces tus ua hauj lwm ntawm neeg raug kaw nyob rau hauv Moscow yog lub hauv paus ntawm nws phau ntawv ua hauj lwm "Cov koom pheej of Labor" (1954). Nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj sov ntawm 1947 nws twb pauv mus rau Marfinskaya "sharashka", qhov twg nws tom qab yuav piav qhia txog nws lub neej nyob rau hauv nws phau ntawv "Thawj vajvoog". Nyob rau hauv 1950, Solzhenitsyn yog nyob rau hauv lub Ekibastuz pw hav zoov thiab tom qab recreates cov txheej xwm nyob rau hauv zaj dab neeg "Muaj ib hnub Ivana Denisovicha." Nyob rau hauv 1952, nws kuaj ib tug mob qog, thiab nws hloov lub lag luam kom tshem tawm nws. Txij li thaum 1953, Solzhenitsyn yog nyob rau ruaj khov exile nyob rau hauv Kazakhstan, Zhambyl cheeb tsam, nyob rau hauv lub zos ntawm kok-Terek.

Nyob rau hauv 1956 nws tau rehabilitated, nws rov qab mus rau Russia thiab sau ib tug nyob deb nroog tus kws qhia ntawv nyob rau hauv Ryazan. Lub neej nws piav txog nyob rau hauv lub chaw ua hauj lwm "Matryona". Tom qab Khrushchev lub thaw tiv thaiv Solzhenitsyn loj hlob nriaj dua. Lub cib fim ua hauj lwm thiab luam yuav luag muaj, nyob rau ntawm lub sij hawm no nws yuav sau tsuas ua hauj lwm "Zakhar-Kalita". Triumph tham txog nws tshiab "Cancer Ward" (1968) tsis coj tus yam tshwm sim, sau nws thiab tsis pub.

Nyob rau hauv 1968 nws finishes nws ci ntsa iab ua hauj lwm rau "Lub gulag Archipelago", thiab tom qab lub thawj lub ntim nyob rau hauv 1974 Aleksandra Isaevicha twb puas tau raug ntes, deprived ntawm kev ua pej xeem thiab deported mus rau lub teb chaws Yelemees. Los yeej muaj, nws tsiv mus rau Switzerland, rau Zurich. Nyob rau hauv 1975 nyob rau hauv Stockholm Aleksandr Isaevich tau txais cov Nobel nqi zog, thiab nyob rau hauv 1976, liab nyob rau hauv Teb Chaws Asmeskas, Vermont. Nws tseem ceeb ua hauj lwm yuav sau ntawv ntawm cov epic "Liab Log".

Tom qab lub cev qhuav dej ntawm lub USSR nyob rau hauv 1994, nws rov qab mus rau nws teb koj chaw. Tom qab dua cov tag nrho lub teb chaws, los ntawm Moscow mus rau lub Far East, nws twb txawj kev cob cog rua rau lub neej kev nyob rau hauv Russia.

Aleksandr Isaevich Solzhenitsyn tuag rau Lub yim hli ntuj 3, 2008 nyob rau Trinity-bows. Nws lub cev raug faus nyob rau hauv lub necropolis ntawm Donskoy Monastery nyob rau hauv Moscow.

Nyob rau hauv 1992, Solzhenitsyn thiab nws tsev neeg raug tua ib tug zoo kawg nkaus zaj duab xis nyob rau hauv ob qhov chaw hu ua "Alexander Solzhenitsyn" Stanislav Govorukhin, uas tau mus xyuas nws nyob rau hauv Vermont.

Ignat

Ib tug yuav tsum tsis nco qab txog cov me nyuam ntawm no zoo kawg nkaus ob peb. Solzhenitsyna Natalya Dmitrievna Cuaj hlis 23, 1972 nyob rau hauv Moscow yug tau ib tug tub, Ignat Solzhenitsyn. Niaj hnub no nws yog - yog twb paub zoo tias American thiab Lavxias teb sab pianist, Hmoob neeg xyuas pib ntawm lub Philadelphia Chamber Orchestra (txij li thaum 1998).

Cov thawj thiab muaj zog lub tswv yim ua rau nws 5 Shostakovich txoj hau kev, nws hnov nws thaum nws tsis thiab 10 xyoo. Tom qab ntawd, nws muaj ib tug muaj zog muaj siab mus koom nyob rau hauv ib tug loj classical music. Nws pib mus kawm ntawv nws nyob rau hauv cov kev taw qhia ntawm Rudolf Serkin. Tom qab ntawd nws kawm piano nyob rau hauv London nrog Marii Kurcho thiab Gary Graffmana.

Niaj hnub no nws nyob rau hauv New York thiab koom nyob rau hauv lub feem ntau prestigious music festivals, nrog rau cov "Hlis ntuj nqeg Nights" thiab "Mstislav Rostropovich". Ignat twb muab "Avery Fisher."

Hais txog tsev neeg lub neej Solzhenitsyn cia lwm amazing movie hu ua "Solzhenitsyn. Thaum kawg Reach ", qhov uas koj tau pom, ob qho tib si nyob rau hauv kev hais kwv txhiaj nrog" Meymandi "lub suab paj nruag ntawm Mozart thiab Brahms, lub orchestra plays nyob rau hauv cov coj ntawm Ignat Solzhenitsyn.

Ermolai

Lub eldest tus tub ntawm Natalia Ermolai yug nyob rau hauv 1970. Nws kawm tiav los ntawm Harvard, nws kawm nyob rau Princeton kawm kom tiav thiab tam sim no ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub noj kev haus khov kho ntawm McKinsey, nyob rau hauv 1998 - nyob rau hauv lub tsuas kev lag luam nyob rau hauv EMEA (cov teb chaws Europe, CIS, teb chaws Africa thiab nruab nrab sab hnub tuaj). Ermolai yog tseem thawj coj ntiaj teb no cov neeg pab pawg neeg rau lub zog thiab raw cov ntaub ntawv muaj nyob rau hauv cov kws muaj txuj pab pawg neeg rau logistics thiab thauj infrastructure. Solzhenitsyn specializes nyob rau hauv tej yaam num rau roj thiab cov nkev, thauj, tshuab lub tsev, tsuas thiab metallurgical industries, thiab yuav siv sij hawm ib tug active ib feem nyob rau hauv txoj kev loj hlob ntawm nroog infrastructure cov kev pab cuam thiab tag nrho cov cheeb tsam.

Stepan

Niaj hnub no nyob rau hauv 12 lub xyoos, Stepan Solzhenitsyn nyob rau hauv Russia. Thiab saum toj no tag nrho, zoo li txhua yam Solzhenitsyn pom tau tias Lavxias teb sab.

Stepan, dhau lawm, ib yam li nws tus tij laug Ermolai, kawm tiav los ntawm Harvard thiab kawm tiav lub tsev kawm ntawv thiab hnub no yog lub taub hau ntawm lub Moscow chaw ua hauj lwm ntawm McKinsey noj kev haus ruaj. Nws daws tag nrho lub zog sector nyob rau hauv Russia, xws li saib xyuas kev ua hauj lwm ntawm "Rosatom", vim hais tias qhov no yog lub tuam txhab lub luag hauj lwm rau qhov kev siv ntawm nuclear fais fab nroj tsuag nyob rau hauv Finland "Hanhikivi".

xaus

Solzhenitsyna Natalya Dmitrievna tom qab kev tuag ntawm nws tus txiv los ntawm nws kev sau ntawv tej hauj lwm thiab pab nyiaj rau txoj kev ncaj ncees ntawm cov neeg thiab pab tag nrho cov neeg uas ciaj txaus ntshai lub sij hawm ntawm kev nyuaj thiab uas xav tau kev pab thiab kev txhawb nqa.