Qhov twg yog qhov monument rau cov phau ntawv?

Nws tau rau ntau centuries phau ntawv yog dab tsi los ntawm cov neeg raws li ib tug nplua nuj qhov chaw ntawm kev txawj ntse, kev kawm txawj thiab kev txawj ntse. Nws yog ib tug choj uas txuas yam kev cai txawv thiab tiam. Raws li ib tug ua tsaug koj thiab qhia paub txog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov phau ntawv nyob rau hauv tib neeg lub neej hnub no, peb yuav pom ntau yam "txawj" monuments ntawm cov phau ntawv nyob rau hauv ntau lub teb chaws nyob ib ncig ntawm lub ntiaj teb no. Txhua yog ib tug tej yam keeb kwm thiab philosophy. Mus ntsib nrog rau feem ntau nthuav ntawm lawv.

Nyob rau hauv Teb Chaws Asmeskas,

Nyob rau hauv lub tebchaws United States koj yuav nrhiav tau ntau qhov chaw mob siab rau phau ntawv. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm cov pej xeem cov tsev qiv ntawv Coshocton themed monument twb ntsia tau rau hauv 2004. Nws sau yog sculptor Allan Kottril. Dig muag, lub monument yog ib pawg ntawm cov pua pua ntawm cov tagnrho, uas tso rau sab saum toj, xav txog ib yam dab tsi, tus tub hluas nrog ib tug qhib phau ntawv. Txhua monumental tome muaj ib lub npe, thiab ib daim qauv nyob rau hauv lub ob txhais tes ntawm cov me nyuam tub sab laug yam tsis nws. Qhov no yog ua rau lub hom phiaj kom txhua tus qhua ntawm lub tsev qiv ntawv yuav paub koj nyiam phau ntawv no.

Txawv txawv monument nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm cov phau ntawv ntawm Nebraska-Lincoln University cov tsev qiv ntawv. Pej thuam tsim raws li ib tug lub tsheb kauj vab, nyob rau hauv uas cov phau ntawv 17 yog daim ntau quav tso sib tsub sib nias. Qhov no monument no yog hu ua "Ntsuas cov phau ntawv." Nyob rau cov npoo ntawm lub log ntawm ob lub npe ntawm sau ntawv thiab philosophers (Socrates, Charles Dickens, Marcel Proust, Luisa Lamura). Cov lawv muaj ib lub npe thiab ib tug niaj hnub sau ntawv Daniely Stil. Qhov no qhia tau hais tias monument lub richness ntawm lub ntiaj teb no ntawm kab lis kev cai thiab muab cov menyuam kawm ntawv kom muaj siab rau sab ntsuj plig kev loj hlob.

American paub txog Ameliya Vaynberg nyob rau hauv 1982 bequeathed tag nrho nws cov ntaub ntawv thiab koj tus kheej cov phau ntawv Public Library ntawm Cincinnati (Ohio). Yim xyoo tom qab ntawd, cov sculptor Michael Fresco txiav txim siab los perpetuate no noble ua nyob rau hauv cov thawj monument. Nws yog ib tug ob peb sib tsub sib nias ntawm tuab phau ntawv. Lawv yog ua los ntawm ci av nplaum thiab stylized daim tawv nqaij. Animates muaj pes tsawg leeg tug ciav. Nws kuj yog ib lub cim tseem ceeb inexhaustible ndlwg ntawm kev txawj ntse, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb rau lub neej ntawm tib neeg.

Nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws Yelemees

Nees nkaum-meter monument rau book lub eminent German philosophers thiab sau ntawv nce Bebel Platz nyob rau hauv Berlin. Nws twb ntsia tau rau hauv 2006 nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm tus naas ej Humboldt University. nws luj yog 35 tons. 17 phau ntawv, stacked, cim nrog lub npe ntawm tus sau phau ntawv: Hegel, Goethe, Schiller, Marx kwv tij Grimm, Lessing thiab lwm tus neeg. Lub monument yog tsim nyob rau hauv Honor ntawm Ioganna Gutenberga - lub inventor ntawm niaj hnub printing.

Thiab nyob ze, tag nrho cov nyob rau hauv tib cheeb tsam, muaj yog lwm monument, hu ua "sunken tsev qiv ntawv". Nco phau ntawv tseem nyob ntawm no, es ib lub cim ntawm lub cim xeeb, tsis tas mus tsis nco qab txog lub brutal burning ntawm ntau tshaj 12 txhiab ntawm tus poj hauj lwm nyob rau hauv Tej zaum 1933, fascist menyuam kawm ntawv. Monument yog empty txee, tawm hauv lub hauv av, hauv lub void.

Nyob rau hauv lub UK,

Txawv txawv nyob rau hauv nws tsim yog ib tug grotesque monument nyob rau hauv London. Muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm nws phau ntawv ua ib tug loj loj, crushing tus txiv neej lub taub hau, thiab ib tsob ntoo loj hlob los ntawm cov phau ntawv. Xws li ib tug txawv txawv monument twb hu ua "Txawm ntawm keeb kwm." Nws sau yog sculptor Bill Vudrou.

Nyob rau hauv Spain

Unusually "nyob", ib tug xav zoo zoo monument nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov phau ntawv nyob rau hauv Barcelona. Nws yog tsim los nyob rau hauv 1994, nws sau - Joan Brossa. Monument feature yog kev siv uas tsis yog-tshuaj cov ntaub ntawv thiab thawj muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab cov ntaub ntawv. Lub monument yog ib tug ib nrab-qhib phau ntawv muab tso rau hauv ib tug lossis loj lub tais. Nws nkawd hais tias lub page swaying nyob rau hauv cov cua.

Nyob rau hauv teb chaws Poland

Nyob rau hauv 2008, Leske, nyob rau hauv lub historic square, Phau Ntawv Fair twb muaj. Nws yog ces hais tias lub nroog koom haum saib xyuas tau qhib thawj memorial phau ntawv nyob rau hauv teb chaws Poland. Bronze hlau qhia tau hais tias hnyav volume, dai kom zoo nkauj nrog lub teb chaws emblem. Raws li xeeb los ntawm sculptor Andrzej Pitynskogo, loj cov phau ntawv ua ib lub cim tus luj ntawm cov ntawv luam lo lus. Qhov ntawd yuav tuav ob txhais tes, ncab ib ce Skyward. Muaj pes tsawg leeg kuj qhia tau hais tias enlightenment, sab ntsuj plig kev loj hlob, thiab qhov siab, uas yog cov phau ntawv.

Nyob rau hauv ua Ixayees

Majestic monument cov phau ntawv thiab sau ntawv yog teev nyob rau hauv Haifa. Hnub ntawm nws qhib - nyob rau hauv 2007, thiab muaj pes tsawg leeg yog ib tug peb-meter phau ntawv, ua los ntawm cov bronze. Los ntawm nws cia "muab pov tawm" ntau lub cim thiab cov tsiaj ntawv. Qhov no sau qhia txog tias cov monument piv tas mus li txoj kev loj hlob ntawm printing, kev sau ntawv. Lub monument nyob rau hauv ib tug zoo nkauj tiaj ua si thiab yog muaj nyob rau kev saib xyuas rau tag nrho cov pej xeem thiab cov neeg tuaj xyuas ntawm lub nroog.

Nyob rau hauv Turkmenistan

Monuments rau rau siab ua cov phau ntawv, nqa txawv symbolism. Leej Txiv ntawm lub Turkmen lub teb chaws yog suav tias yog Saparmurat Niyazov. Nws phau ntawv "Ruhnama" ( "Phau Ntawv tus Ntsuj Plig"), tej zaum hnub no yuav hais ib co lus txhua txhua tus pej xeem ntawm Turkmenistan. Nws yog tsis muaj coincidence nyob rau hauv cov nroog loj nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws mus rau Independence Park muaj ib tug giant monument nyob rau hauv daim ntawv los ua tus dawb huv phau ntawv. Nws qhov siab - ib tug ob-storey tsev. Txhua txhua hmo, "Ruhnama" yog qhib, thiab nyob rau hauv thawj nplooj ntawv nrog cov kev pab los ntawm ib tug projector yog muaj ib tug documentary zaj duab xis txog lub tsim ntawm lub Turkmen lub teb chaws.

Nyob rau hauv UAE

Thiab ntawm no yog lwm masterpiece monumentalistics nqa ib lub teb chaws tseem ceeb. Ib qho ntawm feem conservative nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm kev ntseeg yog lub emirate ntawm Sharjah. Nyob rau hauv nws capital rau Culture Square tsa ib tug majestic monument mus rau xya meters nyob rau hauv qhov siab. Nws yog ib tug dawb huv phau ntawv lub Kaulees qhib cov nplooj ntawv. Kev cai dab qhuas symbolism txhawb thiab shimmering nrog kub Arabic tsab ntawv, thiab ib tug mosque nyob ze. Cov phau ntawv yog ib tug monument teem rau ib tug siab pedestal. Rau hmo ntuj lub sij hawm thawj teeb pom kev zoo muab hais tias tsis pom kev tsub kom qhov luaj li cas ntawm cov monument.

Nyob rau hauv Tuam Tshoj

Tuam Tshoj yeej ib txwm tau nto moo inviolable cai thiab unconventional saib ntawm lub ntiaj teb no. Monument phau ntawv - yog ib tug ntawm cov deepest nyob rau hauv nws cov symbolism ntawm cov txheej xwm uas yuav ua tau raws li ntawm no ib tug neeg mus ncig tebchaws. Ntawm kev txaus siab yog cov loj loj granite ntawd. Nyob rau nws npog pom Suav cim thiab cov nuj nqis, thiab los ntawm lawv emerges ib tug tib neeg lub ntsej muag. Qhov kev txiav txim ntawm muaj pes tsawg leeg yog heev yooj yim: Yog hais tias tus me nyuam emerges los ntawm leej niam lub plab, ib tug txiv neej li ib tug neeg yog tsim los ntawm cov phau ntawv.

neeg mus ncig tebchaws xav paub yog lwm monument nplooj siab mus rau lub hwj chim ntawm kev txawj ntse. Nws muaj pes tsawg leeg yog ib tug viav vias-rocker, neeg laus npag txiv neej tso rau ntawm ib sab nrog ib phau ntawv nyob rau hauv tes, nyob rau lwm yam - ib tug taus hluas nkauj nrog ib tug me me pawg ntawm phau ntawv. Raws li tus sau ntawm ib tug ntxhais ntau tshaj txiv neej. Yog li, qhov yooj yim lub tswv yim ntawm lub monument yog nyeem: cov tib neeg tseem ceeb yog tus nqi ntawm cov kev txawj ntse, tiam sis tsis nyob rau hauv tej.

Nyob rau hauv Russia

Monuments phau ntawv nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab nyob, tej zaum, ib tug tshwj xeeb qhov chaw, raws li lawv yog nyob rau hauv ib tug nplua nuj ntau yam, thiab txhua tus ntawm lawv muaj nws tus kheej yav dhau los. Yog li, tus thawj muaj pes tsawg leeg yuav muaj nyob rau hauv Taganrog Murmansk Krasnoyarsk Angarsk Stavropol Kogalym. Ib txhia txawv touchingly thiab txoj kev tshav ntuj, thaum lwm tus neeg hais qhia rau peb ntawm lub majestic ntse heev ntawm Lavxias teb sab ntaub ntawv ntawm yav dhau los centuries.

Nyob rau hauv lub classical lub npe "phau ntawv - ib qhov chaw ntawm kev txawj ntse" hais themed monument nyob rau hauv Omsk, nyob rau kev nkag mus rau lub tsev muag ntawv nyeem rau hauv txoj kev. Lenin. Lub originality ntawm muaj pes tsawg leeg yog cov qauv ntawm nws cov creation ntawm hlau los ntawm Vuam elektroduvnoy. Monument yog nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug qhib phau ntawv. Nyob rau nws cov nplooj ntawv yog xwm heev cim thiab cov tsiaj ntawv. Nws sau yog Aleksandr Kapralov. Tu siab, qhov tseeb hom phiaj ntawm cov artist tseem tsis paub hais tias. Tab sis lub tourists mus xyuas lub nroog, qhov no muaj pes tsawg leeg muab unlimited txoj kev ywj pheej rau cov tswv yim thiab "xav thiab conjecturing."

Cov feem nrov thiab impressive, raws li cov neeg mus, yog ib tug memorial phau ntawv nyob rau hauv St. Petersburg. Nws yog nyob rau hauv lub University quay (State University) thiab nruab nrab yog ib tug lossis loj qhib phau ntawv (3.6 * 2.4 * 0.9). Lub monument yog ua los ntawm granite, nyob rau nws cov nplooj ntawv koj yuav nyeem tau tus naas ej kab los ntawm Pushkin lub paj huam "Lub Bronze Horseman." Lub monument twb unveiled nyob rau hauv 2002, nws creation yog timed mus rau lub 300th hnub tseem ceeb ntawm lub nroog. Sau phau ntawv yog E.Soloveva artist, kws kes duab vajtse thiab kos duab historian O. Romanov A. Raskin.

Lwm St. Petersburg monument nplooj siab rau cov phau ntawv, muaj ib tug txawv txawv keeb kwm. Nws yog kev cob cog rua nrog lub npe ntawm Constantine lub Grotto - tus tsim ntawm lub "Guardianship ntawm lub qhov muag tsis pom." Cov nyob tus yeees yog ib tug hluas nkauj zaum ntawm lub pedestal. Nws gaze yog qhia rau lub ntuj, thiab nws sab tes xis hais tias yuav swb nyob rau sab ntawm ib tug qhib phau ntawv. Nrhiav los ze zog, tej zaum koj yuav nrhiav tau hais tias nyob rau hauv lub ncej puab ntawm lub qhov muag tsis pom hluas nkauj - K. Ushinsky ntawv "Cov me nyuam ntiaj teb no."

Coj nyob rau hauv loj thiab muaj pes tsawg leeg yuav tsum pom themed monument nyob rau hauv Khimki. Nws twb ntsia tau rau hauv 2010, thaum lub sij hawm nws thawj Moscow lub rooj sab laj ntawm Culture. Lub bronze monument depicts ib qho qhib phau ntawv nyob rau ib pedestal. koj yuav saib tau lub profile ntawm Lavxias teb sab paj huam Alexander nyob ib sab Pushkin, nyob rau lwm yam - nws kab ntawm cov paj huam: "Kuv nco ntsoov ib tug zoo kawg nkaus lub caij ...". Cov phau ntawv yog teem raws li yog hais floating nyob rau hauv cov huab cua, thiab ib lub pob zeb pedestal dai kom zoo nkauj nrog plaub thiab lyre. Tus heev tib daim ntawv nws tsa ib tug mos mos kos npe rau.

Vaj tse, monuments

Monuments ntawm lub ntiaj teb no tus ntawv no yog qhia yus muaj los ntawm originality thiab unconventional xim thiab cov ntaub ntawv. Lub ncov ntawm cov monuments tam sim no yuav hu ua ib lub tsev nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov phau ntawv. Ntawm no duab puab yog zoo intertwined nrog lub nroog architecture. Cov neeg sawv cev ntawm no hom ntawm qhov chaw yuav muaj nyob rau hauv Kansas City (TEB CHAWS USA), nyob rau hauv Moscow, Tyumen, Novosibirsk, Grozny, Ashgabat, Paris thiab lwm tus. Raws li txoj cai, qhov no style kho lub facades ntawm pej xeem cov tsev qiv ntawv, media chaw zov me nyuam thiab muaj tswv yim, kev kawm thiab nyiaj txiag hauv tsev.