Procrastination - yog dab tsi? Procrastination: ua, cov tsos mob thiab kev kho mob txoj kev los mus kov yeej

Lawv yog cov yeej ib txwm lig nrog tus me nyuam ntawm kev ua hauj lwm tej yaam num thiab pej xeem hlauv taws xob ... Lawv hnov qab cov nyiaj ntsuab thiab khoom plig daim ntawv pov yog feem ntau tsis rau ib tug teem lub rooj sib tham ... Hais txog cov neeg zoo li hais tias lawv yog irresponsible, tub nkeeg thiab unreliable. Qhov no yog tej muaj tseeb. Tab sis lub ntsiab yog vim li cas hais tias cov neeg tsis muaj lub sij hawm ua tag nrho cov sij hawm, yog procrastination. Yuav ua li cas nws yog, sim kom paub tseeb xwb hnub no.

Yuav ua li cas yog nws?

Lub sij hawm "procrastination" yog muab tau los ntawm Latin lo lus, uas txhais tau tias Pro- ua ntej es tsis txhob thiab crastinus - tag kis. Uas yog, nyob rau hauv psychology cov tswvyim no yog hais txog mus rau lub txwm ntawm txiv neej lub qhov ncua "tag kis" loj thiab me mob, shirking qhov kev txiav txim ntawm kev pab raws qib thiab tej teeb meem, tsis txhob ua kom tiav ntawm cov luag num pom ua ntej lawm. Kws txawj hais tias xws li ib tug lub xeev feem ntau ua ib tug mechanism rau tshwj kom txhob ntxhov siab vim, nyob tsis tswm, thaum ib tug neeg yaam puab paub hais tias yuav tsis tau tiv nrog neeg ua hauj lwm thiab yuav tsis tau mus ua kom tiav nws. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, lawv taw tes kom paub peb kev los ntawm cov uas procrastination yog txhais raws li tus cwj pwm ntawm tus neeg: ib ncua sij hawm, inefficiency thiab futility.

Raws li statistics, 20% ntawm cov neeg raug kev txom nyem los ntawm no teeb meem puas hawv. Rau lawv, lub cev operating mob yog procrastination. Yuav ua li cas yog nws? Nyob rau hauv cov lus yooj yim, qhov no yog ib qhov teeb meem nyob qhov twg, es tsis txhob kom muaj raws li lub hom phiaj yog ib tug neeg yog distracted los ntawm ntau yam tej yam me me: ib tug computer saib cov ntaub so, tshem tawm ntawm daim ntawv los ntawm lub rooj thiab nyeem cov ntawv xov xwm tsab xov xwm.

Lub rov tshwm sim ntawm lub phenomenon ntawm

Procrastination yog feem ntau hu ua tus kab mob plague ntawm cov XX caug xyoo. Tab sis nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, cov neeg raug nws muaj ntau ntau centuries dhau los. Lub earliest mention ntawm "postponing rau tag kis tseem ceeb" yog cov dawb huv phau ntawv ntawm Indian haiv neeg Bhagavad-Gita los ntawm BC, raws li zoo raws li quotes los ntawm nto moo kwv huam ntawm lub Greek kws sau paj lug Hesiod. Txawm li cas los, thaum lub tswvyim yog tsis qhia raws li ib tug nyias muaj nyias ib lub hlwb qeb.

Thaum ua lub sij hawm "procrastination"? Qhov no tshwm sim nyob rau hauv 1977: ib tug tshwj xeeb txawv teb chaws tej ntaub ntawv, thawj piav txog tus phenomenon thiab muab nws ib tug txhais. Thiab twb nyob rau hauv 1992 peb pib kawm nws nyob rau hauv kom meej vim cov lus Askiv paub txog Nau-a Milgram, uas kos nws lug txhawb cov miv 'xim rau cov teeb meem. Raws li cov feem ntau cov tawm Piv txwv li, nws tau piav tus txheej txheem ntawm kev sau ntawv cov menyuam kawm ntawv tej yaam num thiab dissertations: txoj hauj lwm pib nyob rau hauv tsis tshua muaj neeg deadlines, thaum koj tsis tau heev muab tso tawm twb, los yog muaj ib tug meej kev hem thawj rau nws thiab tsis tiav.

cov tsos mob

Yog hais tias peb khawb tob, peb yuav kos cov nram qab no xaus: xws li ib tug lub xeev ntawm lub siab thiab lub cev yog yooj yim npaum li lub neej. Yog li ntawd procrastination: yog dab tsi? Nyob rau hauv lwm yam lus, nws yog ib tug yooj yim to taub version ntawm lub hav zoov, thaum nws yuav tsis tshua muaj tense thiab lub luag hauj lwm. Kws txawj qhia lub ntsiab tsos mob ntawm ib tug puas siab puas ntsws tshwm sim:

1. kev tshoov siab thiab ib tug zoo siab hlo yuav npaj mus rau lub muab kev pab raws qib.
2. Lub rov tshwm sim ntawm lub siab xav mus "dhia" rau cov tshuaj ntawm lub ntiaj teb no tej teeb meem.
3. Fading tej yam txaus siab - txav ib sab qhov ntaub ntawv mus rau ib tug tom qab hnub tim. Lub rov tshwm sim ntawm nws tus kheej-kev thuam thiab tom ntej acquittal.
4. txug paus tseem - qhov teeb meem yog ncua nyob rau ib qho tseem ceeb lub sij hawm.
5. Qhov teeb meem thiab tseem teeb meem los yog kis rau lub xub pwg nyom ntawm lug txhawb cov miv. Tus neeg tsis paub txog tias nws yog tsis sab laj.

Cov feem nthuav tshaj plaws yog hais tias lub cyclical xwm yog procrastination: cov tsos mob, lawv yog cov tib txheej txheem kauj ruam rov rau tag nrho cov tom ntej no. Cov tshwm sim yog tsis yog ib tug kab mob, tej zaum nws yog ib tug txoj kev ntawm lub neej los yog banal tsis muaj kev cog qoob loo nyob rau hauv lawv tus kheej thiab lawv tus kheej muaj peev xwm.

Lub ntsiab yog vim li cas

Ib tug ntau ntawm lawv. Tab sis psychologists twb tau qhia hais tias lub ntsiab ua rau uas ua rau ib tug txiv neej tawm ntawm ib tug mob procrastinator:

• Tsis muaj txug: lub ntxub ua hauj lwm, uninteresting cov ntaub ntawv, ib tug me me nyiaj hli.
• Perfectionism thiab procrastination, thaum ib tug neeg nrhiav kev ua txhua yam zoo kawg nkaus. Nws ua hauj lwm kom txog thaum lub caij kawg, txawm qhov tsawg tshaj plaws cov ntsiab lus tseem nyob twj ywm insecure thiab tsis txaus siab los ntawm cov kev tshwm sim. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim, ib qho teeb meem thiab tseem tsis tau daws.
• Tsis txaus tus nqi ntawm kev txawj ntse thiab uas twb muaj lawm kev txawj ntse. Txiv neej mas lub correctness ntawm qhov kev txiav txim, raws li yav tas los tsis ua li, tsis fim ib tug teeb meem zoo li.
• Uas twb muaj lawm phobias. Lawv yog ib cov zoo kawg ntau: ntshai ntawm kev hloov, ntshai ntawm ib tug fiasco, xav tias tag kev cia siab los yog hnov thuam, thiab txawm laim ua ntej kev vam meej.
• Tsis muaj peev xwm mus teem lub sij hawm thiab faib ib daim ntawv teev cov neeg mob txog qhov tseem ceeb pawg.

Qhov saum toj no yam, nyob rau hauv Feem ntau, ua rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm tus mob no. Tiam sis peb yuav tsum nco ntsoov hais tias, nyob ntawm seb cov yam ntxwv ntawm tus cwj pwm thiab tib neeg qhov yuav manifest nws tus kheej thiab procrastination. Yog vim li cas rau nws pw sib sib zog nqus nyob rau hauv lub siab thiab yuav ua tau ib tug neeg.

guise ntawm procrastinators

Yuav kom txiav txim seb qhov feem ntau nws tus mob no ntawm tus neeg, psychologists feem ntau siv nrov txoj kev. Procrastination los yog ib tug ib txwm mus rau nws thiaj paub tias yog nyob rau hauv xws neeg:

1. Grey nas. Cov neeg siv yuav tsum tau "middling" nyob rau hauv pab neeg no. Lawv ntseeg tias deprived txuj ci, xav ntawm lawv undeveloped thiab zoo cim sijhawm tsis hais. Yog li ntawd, lawv feem ntau mloog mus rau lub tswvyim ntawm lwm tus neeg, yog los ntawm. Nws yog yooj yim los mus nyob twj ywm nyob rau hauv qhov ntxoov ntxoo dua mus qhia tus kheej. Lawv tsis ntseeg lawv lub peev xwm thiab kev txawj ntse.
2. Kev xyiv fab. Tej neeg no ho muaj yeej teem tseg txhua yam rau cov xeem feeb, vim hais tias lawv tsis tau nyob tsis tus adrenaline. Lawv nyiam cov zoo nkaus li thaum lub plawv twb dhia ceev kawg nyob rau hauv nws lub hauv siab los ntawm lub realization hais tias ua ntej ib tug txiav txim siab yog tseem muaj ib tug teeb meem ntawm lub sij hawm, feeb.
3. Lav. Nws yog tog twg los qhov thiaj li hu ua nihilists uas cia li tsis muaj dab tsi nyob rau hauv lub neej no yog tsis tsim nyog, los yog ris, trembling ua ntej ib qho tseem ceeb kev txiav txim siab los yog nkeeg neeg uas tsis muaj lub puab tub ntxhais thiab cov tsis muaj kev txawj ntawm yus tus kheej-kev kawm ntawv.

Procrastinator zaum yuav muaj lwm tus neeg vim muaj tej yam tshwm sim, cov nta thiab tus cwj pwm kev kawm ntawv.

Lub procrastination yog txawv los ntawm laziness?

Muaj ntau equate cov ob lub tswv yim. Nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, laziness thiab procrastination - yog kiag li tej yam txawv, txawm hais tias zoo xws li cov nyob rau hauv ntau txoj kev thiab yog inseparable. Lub ntsiab sib txawv - lub xub ntiag ntawm kev ua si. Yog hais tias kev tub nkeeg - nws yog ib tug txiv neej muaj siab ua ib yam dabtsi, cia li so kom txaus, pw, pw tsaug zog, procrastination - kev ua aimed ntawm tej kev nthuav dav, yog hais tias tsuas mus tsis txhob muaj cov tua ntawm lub ntsiab, lub ntiaj teb no kev txiav txim. Procrastinators nyuaj mus blame lub fact tias lawv tsis tau ua dab tsi, vim hais tias nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb lawv twb tibneeg hu tauj coob - cia li tsis zoo li cas koj xav tau. Tej neeg no ho muaj txhaum, uas solved lwm, Attendance teeb meem tseem ceeb.

Canadian paub txog Piers Steel rau ntau xyoo kawm phenomenon, revealing tshiab seb uas hitherto zais procrastination. Phau ntawv sau los ntawm nws, teb cov lus nug hais txog yog vim li cas tus neeg xaiv laug sij hawm mus rau hauv rooj plaub indefinitely. Rau qhov no, nws muab tau ib tug formula: U = EV / ID, qhov twg U - lub siab xav mus ua ib yam dab tsi yog qhov khoom ntawm txoj kev vam meej ntawm kev ntshaw (E) thiab tus nqi ntawm ua kom tiav cov kev ua ub (V), muab faib rau cov cov num ntawm (kuv), multiplied los ntawm tus kheej rhiab heev rau ib tug los yog ib co kev ua si (D). Nws cov lus xaus twb hais tias cov neeg tau ncua lub tua ntawm kev pab raws qib, yog hais tias lawv tsis coj instant zoo - cov ntaub ntawv uas tau, qhuas, nce qib. Hais tias yog, rub cov roj hmab lovers hlub nyob rau tam sim no hnub, ib teev, ib tug lub sij hawm ntawd, thiab tsis care txog lub neej yav tom ntej.

los

Procrastination tsis yog ib tug kab mob. Dua li no, nws yuav tsum tau ib tug tej yam kev kho, txij thaum lub aggravation ntawm qhov teeb meem ua rau teeb meem loj. Sib ntaus sib tua procrastination yuav tsum tau tsis vim muaj ib tug mob tsis muaj sij hawm ib tug neeg yuav tsum tau nyob rau hauv qhov kev nyuaj siab thiab ntxhov siab vim. Lub sij hawm txwv kuj ua rau kev puas hlwb thiab lub cev kev nyuaj siab. Xws li ib tug neeg tej zaum yuav tshee thiab chim, raws li nws feem ntau tsis nco qab mus ntsib lawv yooj yim xav tau kev pab rau cov zaub mov thiab pw tsaug zog. Nws muaj ib tug txiav txim zoo ntawm kev txhaum, nws poob tsim thiab nyob rau hauv ntau lub respects nws lub peev xwm tseem undiscovered los yog untapped.

Maj mam, tus neeg poob peev xwm mus rau lub koom haum. Nws pib lossi lig, tsis yog accustomed mus rau cov kev hloov ntawm tej yam, loses tswj ntawm lub sij hawm, preferring mus ua dab tsi, tsis muaj dab tsi yog ua tau yuav tsum tau. Thaum thawj zaug rau theem ntawm txoj kev loj hlob ntawm tus neeg procrastination aggressively teb rau cov kev hloov nyob rau hauv lub chaw ua hauj lwm lub sij hawm, lossi hloov liam rau nws tsis ua hauj lwm ua raws li nyob rau lwm yam. Tom qab, qhov teeb meem no tej zaum yuav tsim nyob rau hauv ob schemes: thawj - ua ntej tus ciam khaus spurt lub sij hawm, ua rau ib tug tag nrho havzoov thiab exacerbate qhov teeb meem, lub thib ob - tus cov ntaub ntawv yuav tsis tsum sib cav, ua ib tug muaj kev nyuaj siab thiab txom nyem.

Yuav ua li cas kov yeej procrastination?

Txhua rooj plaub yog ib tug neeg. Tsuas yog tom qab ib tug kev sib tham nrog tus neeg mob puas siab ntsws yuav kom zoo txoj kev rau tam sim no yam teeb meem. General tswv yim pom zoo raws li nram no:

• Yuav tsum paub txog ntawm qhov teeb meem. Qhov no yog cov feem ntau nyuaj kauj ruam, uas yog cuab kev, nws yog twb tau kos nyob rau hauv lub tswv yim ntawm tawm tsam. Nco ntsoov: Yog hais tias koj yuav hloov tsis tau qhov teeb meem no - hloov koj tus cwj pwm ntawm nws.
• Kawm tau li cas los npaj rau, tsim kom-do daim ntawv teev rau ib hnub twg. Chiv, nplua txawm hlawv mus txog precisely qhia kom meej rau runtime.
• Xav txog cov kev tshwm sim. Nws yuav ua tau ib tug lawm, kev txhim kho cov hauj lwm ntaiv, nkag mus rau hauv credibility. Qhov no kab kev xav yuav txhawb thiab yuam koj ua.
• Catch koj tus kheej procrastination. Raws li tsis ntev koj xav tias lub sij hawm tawm, rau txim rau koj tus kheej tej ua lag ua luam.
• Tsis txhob npaj lub ntiaj teb no. Pib me me.
• Paub ua li cas muab li. Yog hais tias koj tsis tau chiv nthuav teeb meem yuav daws tau, cia li hais li ntawd. Pub lwm tus neeg mus ua cov nqe lus nug, thiab koj tus kheej, coj ib yam dab tsi lwm tus, tiam sis feem ntau haum rau koj.

Nco ntsoov hais tias cov niaj hnub puas siab puas ntsws ntaub ntawv qhia txog nyob rau hauv kom meej yuav ua li cas kov yeej procrastination. Phau Ntawv ntawm cov ntawv no yuav tsum ua tus desktop: yuav nws thiab nyeem txhua lub sij hawm ua ntej yuav mus pw.

Eisenhower matrix

Ib tug ntawm qhov zoo tshaj txoj kev mus rau tshwj kom txhob procrastination. Nws zoo li plaub squares, uas yog tsim los ntawm cov kev tshuam ntawm lub axes "Ceev - Tsis heev ceev" thiab ntsug "Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb - tsis" horizontally. Qhov no xam yog muab tso rau hauv koj lub lag luam chaw muag mis nyuj thiab kis nyob rau hauv nws lub cell tam sim no tej xwm txheej nyob rau hauv raws li lawv cov degree ntawm qhov tseem ceeb. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, mus rau lub ib qho tseem ceeb thiab ceev tej teeb meem yuav tsum muaj xws li cov teeb meem uas tsis yog mob ceev heev. Yog tsis muaj lawv kev daws teeb meem, ntxiv cov kauj ruam yuav tsum yog twb puas. Piv txwv li, ib qho mob ceev hu tsis tu ncua cov neeg muas zaub raws li mus kawm rau lwm lub sij hawm. Tseem ceeb thiab tsis tseem ceeb - cov no yog cov tej yam uas yuav ua ntiaj teb no nyob rau hauv lub nyob ze yav tom ntej: npaj ib tug tshiab project, ib tug lub rooj sib tham.

Ceev teeb meem, tab sis tsis tseem ceeb heev - cov neeg uas tsis coj koj los ze zog mus rau koj lub hom phiaj. Txiav txim siab lawv yuav tsum tau, tab sis nws yuav tsis cuam tshuam koj ua hauj lwm lub sij hawm. Cov no muaj xws lug txhawb cov miv nrog koj zoo siab rau nws lub hnub yug, zoo siab txais tos kev npaj txhij txog qhua thiab thiaj li nyob. Nrog kev xav txog cov txheej thiab tsis yog xwmtxheej ceev mob, pawg no yog lub feem ntau capacious. Qhov no yuav muaj xws li tej yam uas yog ib tug trifle, tab sis nyob rau tib lub sij hawm incredibly nthuav thiab txais tos: qhia saib, computer ua si, tham nrog ib tug phooj ywg nyob rau hauv xov tooj. Yog hais tias koj npaj lub chaw ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv raws li cov matrix, ces koj yuav tau ntse yeej procrastination: nws yog dab tsi, koj tsis nco qab. Nco ntsoov hais tias koj muaj ib lub neej. Thiab nkim sij hawm nyob rau hauv ruaj tej yam uas - khoom kim heev thiab folly.