Mehmed VI Vahideddin - kawg sultan ntawm lub Ottoman Empire

Mehmed VI yog hu ua tus Sultan ntawm lub Ottoman Empire, uas twb lub reign ntawm nws dynasty. Yuav kom lub zwm txwv nws zaum raws li lub peb caug-thib rau lub kav. Xyoo ntawm nws lub neej - 1861-1926, thaum lub sij hawm lub reign - 1918-1922. Nws txiv yog Abdul-Majid Tus thawj, uas tau ceased mus yuav cov caliph txij thaum 1861. Tab sis los ntawm lub thib rau lub hwj chim ntawm Mehmed tuaj tsuas yog tom qab tsib caug xya xyoo, yielding nws tus kheej plaub cov neeg sawv cev ntawm ib tug zoo: ib tus txiv ntxawm thiab peb cov kwv tij.

Cov pog koob yawg koob ntawm lub Ottoman dynasty

Mehmed VI Vahideddin, uas nws biography yog suav tias yog nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm, yog ib tug xeeb leej xeeb ntxwv ntawm cov hiob dynasty nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no. Lub Ottoman dynasty twb nrhiav tau nyob rau thaum pib ntawm lub kaum plaub caug xyoo. Raws li ib co Turkish keeb kwm thiab legends, lub poj koob yawm txwv no zoo nyob lawm txawm tias.

Cov neeg uas tau pib lub conquest, tsim lub Ottoman Empire, nws yog suav tias yog Osman Gazi thawj. Nws kav nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ntawm 1281 mus 1324, kom txog thaum nws tuag thiab raug faus tsis nyob rau hauv ib lub qhov ntxa nyob rau hauv Bursa. Qhov no qhov chaw tau los ua ib tug qhov chaw ntawm pilgrimage ntawm cov Muslims. Tag nrho cov tom ntej sultans ntawm lub Ottoman Empire articulated ib tug thov Vajtswv hauv lub qhov ntxa Osman nyob rau accession rau lub zwm txwv. Nws hu ua los txhawb kev ncaj ncees thiab muaj tib lub virtues raws li cov thawj tswv xeev.

Qhov teeb meem no nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws Ottoman ua ntej lub advent ntawm lub Sixth Mehmed

By 1909, qhov kev txiav txim ntawm Sultan Abdul-Hamid II twb puastsuaj lauj. Yog li ntawd nws mus nyob qhovtwg li nyob rau hauv lub meej monarchy ntawm lub teb chaws Ottoman. Lub hwj chim muaj yav tas los deprived ntawm civil rights rau nws tus kwv deposed kav Mehmed Fifth. Nyob rau hauv nws txoj cai, qhov teeb meem no nyob rau hauv lub xeev pib deteriorate ntau sai heev. Yog li, los ntawm 1918 qhov teeb meem no nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws yog ib yam nyuaj heev.

Ua ntej Mehmed VI los ua tus kav lub faj tim teb chaws rau kaum tsib lub xyoos nyob rau hauv kev ntxhov, thiab tau muab kev koom tes nyob rau hauv ob peb ua tsov ua rog.

Ua tsov ua rog nrog rau lub Ottoman Empire:

1. Italo-Turkish nyob rau ntawm 1911 mus 1912.
2. Lub Baltic ua tsov ua rog ntawd kub ntev li ntawm 1911 mus 1913.
3. Ntiaj teb (nyob rau hauv pab pawg nrog lub teb chaws Yelemees) los ntawm xyoo 1914 rau 1918.

Tag nrho cov no yog tiag tsis muaj zog txaus lub xeev.

Board Mehmed Sixth

Qhov kawg Ottoman Sultan Mehmed VI los ua Vahideddin, uas coj lub zwm txwv nyob rau hauv 1918. By lub sij hawm no nws yog tsib caug xya xyoo, thiab hauv lub xeev yog nyob rau hauv lub theem kawg ntawm lub ntiaj teb ua ntej, uas yog tiag tsis muaj zog txaus nws.

Lub Turkish tub rog twb yuam kom sib ntaus sib tua nyob rau hauv ob peb lub fronts nyob rau tib lub sij hawm thiab twb sab sab. Sultan yog ntshai ntawm kiv puag ncig, yog li ntawd nrhiav mus cuag ib tug ntawv sib yeem lus nrog lub Entente Powers. Cov kev thaj yeeb ntawm Mudros yog tsis tshua disadvantageous rau lub teb chaws Ottoman:

• demobilized pab tub rog;
• warships surrendered mus rau lub phoojywg;
• Istanbul thiab Anatolia nyob British pab tub rog, Fabkis, Tim Nkij teb chaws;
• tswj ntawm lub straits, telecommunications, railways tau txais Britain thiab Fabkis.

Turkish cov neeg twb nyob los ntawm txawv teb chaws pab tub rog. Nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, qhov no yog qhov kawg ntawm lub Ottoman Empire.

Nyob rau hauv lub Kaum Ob Hlis 1918, cov Sixth Mehmed yaj parliament. Nws tshiab tsoom fwv yog ib tug puppet ntawm lub txoj hauj lwm tub ceev xwm. Txij thaum ntawd los, nws cov hauj lwm pib, Mustafa Kemal Pasha, leej twg ua thaum ntxov raws li 1919 tau teem nws lub hwj chim yuav luag tag nrho lub teb chaws.

Nyob rau hauv lub peb hlis ntuj 1920, qhov kev txiav txim Sultan pom zoo rau cov tsaws ntawm British pab tub rog nyob rau hauv Constantinople. Lub nroog tau tshaj tawm hais tias cov nyob ib thiab tsoom fwv yaj. Tab sis Mustafa Kemal Pasha tsim nws tsoom fwv. Kemalist troops yuav tsis kov yeej tej Greek cov tub rog, los yog cov Khilafat.

lub abolition ntawm lub Sultanate

10/01/1922 Majlis dhau ib tug kev cai lij choj nyob rau hauv txoj kev uas cov sultanate thiab caliphate. Lub Sultanate twb abolished. Qhov no sau zaj dab neeg ntawm lub Ottoman Empire, uas ntawd kub ntev li ntau tshaj rau puas xyoo.

Mehmed VI thawm xyoo tseem caliph kom txog rau thaum 16/10/1922 kom txog thaum nug British tub ceev xwm coj nws los ntawm Constantinople. Nws raug coj mus rau Malta nyob rau battleship teb chaws Aas Kiv "Malaya", thiab ib hnub twg tom qab lub Majlis deprived tus khiav nkaum title ntawm Caliph.

Txij li thaum lub kaum hli ntuj 1923 Qaib Cov Txwv hais tias ib tug koom pheej thiab ua nws cov kav, Mustafa Kemal Pasha, lub npe hu mus rau tag nrho raws li Atatürk.

Tom qab ib tug pilgrimage rau Mecca nyob rau hauv 1923, lub yav tas sultan tsiv mus rau Ltalis. Nws tuag tau peb xyoos tom qab nyob rau hauv San Remo. Faus nws nyob rau hauv lub nroog Damaxaka.

Tsev neeg thiab cov me nyuam

Mehmed VI rau nws lub neej muaj tsib tsim nyog poj niam. Los ntawm Emine Nazikedy nws tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub teeb ntawm ob tug ntxhais: Fatma Ulvie, Rukie Sabiha. Los ntawm Shadii Myuveddet Sultan Mehmet Ertuğrul ib tug tub. Nyob rau lub thib tsib tus poj niam Nimed Nevzad cov me nyuam nyob rau hauv cov Sultan yog tsis.

Nrog Seniey Inchiri kav sib nrauj nyob rau hauv 1909, thiab nrog Aysha Leilan Nevvare mus xaus lub kev sib raug zoo nyob rau hauv 1924.

Yuav ua li cas tshwm sim rau lub tsev neeg thiab cov phoojywg dim lub Caliph?

Dynasty tom qab 1922

Nyob rau hauv lub peb hlis ntuj xyoo 1924 ib tug kev cai lij choj twb dhau nyob rau hauv Qaib Cov Txwv, nyob rau hauv uas cov neeg sawv cev ntawm tsev neeg cov vaj tse twb txeeb Osmanov. Qhov kawg Ottoman Sultan Mehmet VI - tsis yog ib tug uas yuav tsum tau tawm hauv lub teb chaws. Cov mus txawv teb chaws mus txawm ib puas tsib caug tsib tswv cuab ntawm nws tsev neeg. Cov neeg uas muaj tus thawj txoj cai rau succession, rau nqi muab nees nkaum-plaub mus rau xya caum-ob teev. Tus so ntawm lub tsev neeg muab tso rau ib tug mob mus rau tawm Qaib ntxhw li ntawm xya mus rau kaum hnub. Poj niam thiab nyob deb cov kwv tij tau muab txoj cai nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws. Thaum lub tsheb ciav hlau qhov chaw nres tsheb nyob rau hauv Istanbul ntawm Lub peb hlis ntuj 5 thiab 15 nyob rau hauv txhua tus ntawm cov neeg sawv cev ntawm lub Ottoman dynasty twb muab phau passport thiab lub sum ntawm ob txhiab British phaus. Tom qab ntawd, lawv tau muab tso rau lub tsheb ciav hlau thiab lawv deprived ntawm Turkish pej xeem.

Txoj hmoo ntawm txhua tus mej zeej ntawm lub tsev neeg Osmanov tau tsim nws tus kheej txoj kev. Ib txhia tuag ntawm kev tshaib kev nqhis thiab kev txom nyem, lwm tus tau yoog mus rau lub neej zoo tib yam tib neeg nyob rau hauv lawv lub party lub teb chaws. Muaj cov neeg uas twb tau tuaj ua ke nrog cov neeg sawv cev ntawm muaj koob muaj npe tsev neeg los ntawm lwm lub teb chaws, xws li India thiab tim lyiv teb chaws.

Turkish tsoom fwv tau tso cai rov qab mus rau cov neeg sawv cev ntawm tus poj niam dynasty tsev nyob rau hauv lub fifties ntawm lub thib nees nkaum caug xyoo. Thiab cov txiv neej raug tso cai rau nkag mus rau lub teb chaws tsuas yog tom qab 1974. By lub sij hawm muaj ntau yam ntawm cov zoo ntawm cov Ottomans twb tuag.

Qhov kawg direct xeeb leej xeeb ntxwv ntawm Osman xam tau tias yog Ertogrud Osman, uas tuag nyob rau hauv 2009. Nyob rau hauv 2012, tuag Nazlishah Sultan, uas nws yawg yog Mehmed VI Vahideddin (Sultan Osman). Nws tau tau paub hais tias tau yug los ua ntej lub Ottoman Empire tau poob.

Txawm li cas los, nws tseem nyob ua ib ke Imperial lub tsev ntawm Osman. Rau hnub tim, nws lub taub hau yog lub Bayezid Osman Efendi.