Megacities Russia

Megacities yog qhov kev koom nrog cov xov tooj ntawm cov neeg nyob ntau tshaj ib lab cov neeg nyob ib ncig ntawm lub ntiaj teb no ntawm 326 (50 uas yog nyob rau hauv Tuam Tshoj). Lavxias teb sab Federation yog 1100 lub zos, 15 ntawm lawv yog cov tsev rau ntau tshaj ib lab inhabitants. Qhov no daim ntawv teev yog qhov kawg ntawm 2012 ntxiv Voronezh. Thiab tus thawj heev megacities Russia - ib tug St. Petersburg thiab Moscow. Tej raws li lawv muaj nyob rau hauv lub lig puv 19 xyoo pua, uas yog lub txiaj ntsim ntawm tus urbanization ntawm lub teb chaws tom qab lub abolition ntawm serfdom, txoj kev loj hlob ntawm kev lag luam, cov lag luam tawm thiab thauj.

Megacities nyob rau hauv Russia yog lub ntsiab qhov chaw ntawm concentration thiab attraction ntawm zog, tib neeg, kev cai, muaj, nyiaj txiag kev pab thiab cov chaw ntawm nyiaj txiag thiab kev loj hlob rau lub cheeb tsam los yog neighboring cheeb tsam. Ib txhia ntawm lawv (thiab Moscow yog nyob ze rau qhov lub xeev ciam teb rau lwm) muab ib tug zoo lub sij hawm ua hauj lwm thiab qhov chaw nyob rau cov teb chaws Asia thiab cov qub Soviet Union. Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov zej zog nyob tsis tau tsuas yog nyob rau hauv cov pejxeem tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv lwm yam: cov nyiaj tau los theem ntawm cov neeg nyob, keeb kwm kev cai thiab economic specifics ntawm lub nyob sib ze cheeb tsam, uas tus megacities yog cov chaw zov me nyuam kawm ntawv qib siab, kab lis kev cai, thauj, luam, logistics thiab thiaj li nyob. n.

Nyob rau hauv lub USSR, lub loj heev lub nroog muaj lub cib fim: txoj cai kom lawv muaj lub subway, txoj cai kom muaj lwm yam kev pab thiab pej xeem cov khoom. Tab sis lub tseem thiab kev txiav txim ntawm lawv cov kev npaj depended tsis tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub xeev Planning Commission cai, tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv kev sib raug zoo nrog lub hau ntawm lub hauv paus tub ceev xwm nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam. Tom qab lub cev qhuav dej ntawm lub Union ntawm megacities kuj faib ib tug tshwj xeeb cwj pwm ntawm cov tsoom fwv - lub Xeev qhov kev pab cuam ntawm subway siv, txhawb txoj kev loj hlob ntawm txoj kev infrastructure thiab lwm yam tsoom fwv teb chaws tej yaam num. Lawv yog cov coob ciaj uas muag rau neighboring chaw conducive rau peev feem xyuam rau zus tau tej cov neeg cov khoom, cov kev pab thiab cov lag luam tawm. Yog li ntawd, lub, neeg teb xov tooj, cov kev pab zov me nyuam, chaw ua hauj lwm thiab cov tsev txhab nyiaj, khw muag khoom chains muag khoom nyob feem ntau nyob rau hauv loj lub zos.

Niaj hnub no, tsuas yog Moscow (12 lab. Inhabitants) thiab St. Petersburg (txog 5 lab. Inhabitants) yog ib lub nroog-multimillionaires. Qhov seem tsug kaum peb lub zos muaj ib cov pejxeem uas tsawg tshaj li ob lab cov neeg. Qhov loj tshaj concentration ntawm ib lab nyob rau hauv lub Volga cheeb tsam thiab Siberia. Daim ntawv teev cov megacities los ntawm tsoom fwv teb chaws tsev kawm ntawv yog raws li nram no:

• Volga Federal District - Samara, Nizhny Novgorod, Kazan, Volgograd, Ufa, Perm ;
• Siberian Federal District - Omsk, Novosibirsk, Krasnoyarsk;
• RPO - Chelyabinsk, Ekaterinburg, Russia;
• Yav qab teb Federal District - Volgograd, Rostov-on-Don;
• CFA - Voronezh, Moscow;
• SZFO- St. Petersburg;
• North Caucasus Federal District - 0;
• DFO - 0.

Tsis tas li ntawd paim submillionery-lub nroog uas muaj ib tug neeg nyob ntawm 700 txhiab. Cov neeg. mus txog 1 million. pers. - Saratov, Krasnodar thiab Tolyatti. Nyob rau hauv Russia muaj 22 agglomerations (pawg koom), uas yog lub tsev mus rau ntau tshaj ib tug lab cov neeg. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd mus rau cov loj 15 moos no muaj xws li cov nram qab no hwv units: Krasnodar, Saratov, Novokuznetsk, Tula, Novomoskovsk, Vladivostok, Naberezhnye Chelny, Irkutsk. Ib cov kws txawj xa mus rau lub loj heev agglomeration ntawm Bryansk, Yaroslavl, Izhevsk.