Mauj tshuaj tua kab: nws yog dab tsi, lub mechanism ntawm qhov kev txiav txim, qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawv thiab piav qhia

Ua ntej gardener yuav coj ntev-awaited sau, nws yuav tau mus fim ntau pests uas thuam cov zoo thiab txo tus naj npawb ntawm fetuses. Tu siab, lub xyoo tawm tsam raug tsis tsuas mus rau txiv hmab txiv ntoo cov qoob loo, tab sis kuj zoo nkauj. Kab noj nplooj, kua ntoo, uas yog considerably spoils cov tsos ntawm cov nroj tsuag. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, thaum ntau raug tsob ntoo tej zaum yuav tuag zoo rau nws.

Kom txuag tau tus qoob loo, thiab lub txaus nyiam tsos ntawm ornamental nroj tsuag siv mauj tshuaj tua kab, uas zoo heev txo cov pej xeem ntawm lub vaj kab tsuag. Yog li, nyob ntawm seb lub active ingredient, tej zaum lawv yuav muaj ib cov nyhuv rau ib los yog ob peb hom kab.

Ib tug zoo lawm yog tias mauj insecticide tej yam yuav pab tau kom tshem tau ntawm cov nroj tsuag. Herbicides txeem cov nroj tsuag thiab hlawv nws nrog cov hauv paus hniav. Yog hais tias koj siv nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom tsis txhob muaj kev sib cuag nrog horticultural qoob loo.

Ntau hom tshuaj tua kab los ntawm tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg

Tua kab system yog tsim nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj lub chaw soj nstuam raws li nyob rau hauv cov organic tshuaj. Lawv toxicity ua rau nws tau mus rau tshuaj lom cov kab los ntawm sawv nyob rau hauv digestive system thiab kev nkag siab kabmob. Feem ntau hom ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab ntawm muaj quag txiav txim:

1. Organochlorine tshuaj tua kab yog muab los ntawm chlorination ntawm cov kua hydrocarbons. Nws yuav ua nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov hmoov thiab roj emulsions. Guaranteed kab tuag tshwm sim nyob rau hauv 7 hnub tom qab qhov kev kho mob nroj tsuag los ntawm sawv nyob rau hauv nws lub paj hlwb. Txawm tias zoo, nws muaj ib tug lossis loj drawback - siab toxicity rau tib neeg thiab ib puag ncig. Tam sim no, yuav luag tsis siv.
2. Organophosphorus agents yog orthophosphoric acid ester alcohols. Qhov zoo xws li ib tug broad spectrum ntawm kev txiav txim - lub tshuaj tua feem ntau cov kab. Ntawm cov shortcomings cai toxicity rau tib neeg, yog li ntawd koj yuav tsum tau hnav tiv thaiv cov hnab looj tes thiab ib tug daim npog qhov ncauj thaum txau.
3. Pyrethroids yog aimed ntawm kev puas tsuaj rau lub paj hlwb ntawm kab, yog li ntawd txoj kev tuag tshwm sim. Lawv yog cov zoo kiag li rau tib neeg thiab tsiaj. Lawv disadvantage yog hais tias tom qab heev siv lawv yuav ua tau hom kab, uas cim txos miv nyuas siv zug.

Mauj tshuaj tua kab yog nrov vim qhov yooj yim ntawm kev siv thiab muaj kev kawm siab, tab sis yuav tsum tau tej yam kev ruaj ntseg ntsuas los ntawm tus neeg.

Classification raws li cov qauv ntawm cov allergic rau hauv tus kab mob

Mauj insecticide muaj peev xwm sawv ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab rau hauv lub cev nyob rau hauv ntau txoj kev. Ib txhia tshuaj yuav muab ob peb txoj kev. Variations rau cov qauv ntawm cov allergic raws li nram no:

1. Tiv tauj thiab mauj insecticide hauv cov tshuaj tua kab nkag los ntawm kev sib cuag nrog lub cev nto. Tej npaj khaws miv nyuas siv zug mus rau tus thawj nag. Ntawm cov shortcomings tswv taw tes rau cov tsis muaj kev txiav txim ntawm rau kab kab.
2. Plab hnyuv muaj sai txiav txim: tau txais mus rau hauv cov hnyuv, lawv yog yuav luag zoo li xob laim ua tuag los ntawm kev qaug tshuaj lom. Feem ntau muaj cov ua ke npaj nrog hu-plab hnyuv txiav txim, uas txeem tsis tsuas yog los ntawm lub qhov ncauj, tab sis kuj los ntawm kev sib cuag nrog lub cev nto.
3. Mauj insecticide muaj peev xwm sawv ntawm sai allergic rau hauv cov hlab ntsha ntawm cov nroj tsuag. Yog li ntawd, cov tshuaj yog cov ywj siab ntawm cov huab cua puag. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm lawv yuav tau mus cuam tshuam tsis tsuas cov kab uas pub rau nplooj, txiv hmab txiv ntoo, los yog buds, tab sis kuj cov neeg pests uas kis ib tsob nroj hauv.

Kev siv ntawm muaj quag tshuaj tua kab yuav pab tau txuag tau li 95% ntawm cov qoob loo ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo nroj tsuag.

Classification spectrum ntawm kev txiav txim

Raws li qhov kev txiav txim spectrum ntawm lub nram qab no:

1. Daim Ntawv Xaiv Tsa - muaj feem xyuam rau nrog cov kev hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov kab. Saib kuj muaj xws li kev npaj tiv thaiv zuam thiab cov helminths uas mob nroj tsuag.
2. Nruam txiav txim - aimed ntawm kev puas tsuaj ntawm ib pab pawg neeg ntawm txawv tsiaj ntawm cov kab.

Qhov kev xaiv ntawm cov tshuaj nyob nkaus rau cov kev xav tau ntawm cov grower. Ib txhia tshuaj yog harmless mus muv, uas yog xam tau tias yog pab kab vim hais tias lawv pab pollinate horticultural qoob loo.

Hom tshuaj npaj rau zus tau tej

Rau yooj yim ntawm kev siv tshuaj tua kab mauj rau lub vaj no kuj muab qhia rau lawm lub hom phiaj. Lawv muaj sib txawv nyob rau hauv tej yam rau cov tshuaj tua kab thiab nws cov tshuaj nyob tus yeees. Cov nram qab no pawg ntawm cov nyiaj:

1. Pheromones - tshuaj uas nyiam kab, raws li tsim los pab rau lub hauv paus ntawm tshuaj tawm txim liab nyiam opposite pw ua niam txiv kab. Tej cuab yeej muaj massively puas muaj tej hom kab.
2. Insectoacaricide muaj tes taw nyhuv on zuam thiab lwm yam kab. Lub disadvantage yog cov dejnum ntxim rau cov tib neeg lub paj hlwb. Qhov no hom ntawm daim ntawv thov yuav tsum tau ib tug tiv thaiv ce rau tsob nroj ua.
3. Ovicide ua xwb nyob rau kab, qe, thiab yog harmless mus rau lwm cov lub neej voj voog theem.
4. Afitsidy siv los ua kom puas tag nrho txhua hom ntawm aphids.
5. Larvicides no yog tsim los tua kab nyob rau hauv lub larval theem.
6. Tshuaj - tshuaj uas tsis tua kab, tab sis lawv cov ntxhiab ua rau nws paub tseeb hais tias cov inedible nroj tsuag. Yog siv los ntawm gardeners raws li ib tug tiv thaiv kev ntsuas.

Feem ntau cov tshuaj yog heev tshuaj lom, li ntawd, kws txawj tsis pom zoo kom lawv siv tsis muaj kev xav tau raws li prophylaxis.

Sab saum toj mauj tshuaj tua kab

Daim ntawv teev cov mauj tshuaj tua kab rau lub vaj yog zoo - rau txhua tsob nroj siv ib qho kev tshuaj uas muaj feem xyuam rau cov tshuaj tua kab cab rau no hom ntawm kab lis kev cai. Tshwj xeeb xim tswv tsim nyog hauv qab no tshuaj:

• "Decis Suite", "Akhtar", "B-58", "Zolon", "Lyufoks" - siv rau txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntoo, feem ntau nyob rau hauv apples, pears thiab txiv ntoo qab zib;
• "Aktellik", "Apollo", "B-58 Tshiab," "Varant", "Nissoran", "Omayt", "Ortus" - npaj rau txau lub vineyards;
• "Vertimek", "Karate" - rau dib, taub thiab carrots;
• "Voliam Flexi", "Danadim Mix", "Enzhio", "konfidor Maxi" - rau cov txiv lws suav;
• "Reldan", "Helikoveks" - mus kua txob;
• "Ratibor," "Karate Zeon" - rau aubergines;
• "Antizhuk", "Calypso", "Matador", "Mospilan", "Fastak", "Fury" - siv los tswj kab nyob rau hauv qos yaj ywm, nyob rau hauv particular, tus Colorado qos kab;
• "Grinfort", "Douglas", "Lub peb hlis ntuj", "Nurel D", "Pirineks Hmo", "Sumition" - thov kom cereal cov qoob loo, nrog rau kev loj teb;
• "Arriva" "Fufanon" - rau tag (dib pag, dib liab);
• "Vertimeks", "Force", "Omayt" - rau cov txiv pos nphuab.

Qhov no daim ntawv teev cov mauj tshuaj tua kab siv nyob rau hauv ob lub private sector thiab nyob rau hauv kev lag luam. Koj yuav tsum tau siv cov tshuaj uas yog tsim rau ib tug kab lis kev cai, raws li lawv yog aimed ntawm kev puas tsuaj ntawm ib tug hom cab.

Nyhuv on nroj tsuag thiab qhov ib puag ncig

Nyob rau hauv cov zauv nroj tsuag nyob rau hauv dej siab tej yam kev mob (haum kub, tus tsis muaj dej nag, me kev nyab xeeb, vaum) tag nrho daim ntawv teev cov mauj tshuaj tua kab yog tsis muaj teeb meem rau cov nroj tsuag. Nyob rau hauv cov kev phem ntawm no, tej kev sim ntawm kev kho mob nroj tsuag tshuaj npaj - kev nyuaj siab rau nws. Yog hais tias ntau npaum yuav muab xam kom raug, cov tshuaj nkoos metabolism ntawm cov nroj tsuag, nyob rau hauv tej rooj plaub muaj kev tiv thaiv rau tej yam kab tsuag.

Av tshuaj tua kab muaj nyhuv dejnum, uas neutralized tsuas yog tom qab 10 lub lim piam. Lub tej yam tsis zoo lawv muaj nyob rau hauv cov ntses zoo, pab kab (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog muv), cov tsiaj. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb los mus tsim ib cov tshuaj tsuag kom deb ntawm lub apiaries, pas dej thiab pastures.

Thaum qhov kev cog

Tag nrho cov tshuaj muaj cov lus qhia rau kev siv. uas paub meej cov noj tshuaj npaum cas, zoo li dej siab tej yam kev mob rau txau. Cov kev cai rau cov zauv horticultural qoob loo yog raws li nram no:

• Nws yuav tsum coj mus rau hauv tus account lub sij hawm ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab lub neej voj voog thaum xaiv ib tug insecticide - rau cov neeg laus tom qab siv ovitsity uas ua tau tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub qe;
• nyob rau hauv lub ua ob peb tshuaj yuav tsum coj mus rau hauv tus account lawv compatibility, vim hais tias yog hais tias tus tsis ncaj ncees lawm mus kom ze tshuaj yuav ua rau kom muaj teeb kev puas tsuaj rau cov nroj tsuag;
• ua yog ua raws li ib tug tiv thaiv kev ntsuas - tsuas yog thaum nws detects cov thawj cov cim qhia ntawm yeej;
• thaum lub sij hawm flowering nroj tsuag yuav tsum tsis txhob txau - nws yuav ua rau qhov zoo thiab muaj nuj nqis ntawm cov qoob loo yog tsis zoo tshaj plaws;
• txau kawg yuav siv sij hawm qhov chaw 40-45 hnub ua ntej sau, raws li cov tshuaj tua kab yuav ua tau teeb meem rau tib neeg lub cev.

Rau siab tshaj plaws ua hauj lwm, kev kho mob yuav tsum tau nqa tawm nyob rau hauv qhuav huab cua twj ywm nyob rau hauv lub yav tsaus ntuj. Kuj tsis txhob nrog ntawm cov tshuaj los ntawm cov nplooj thiab coj raws nruj me ntsis rau cov lus qhia los ntawm cov chaw tsim tshuaj paus.

Txoj kev insecticide kev kho mob

Muaj ntau ntau zoo txoj kev kho mob tshuaj uas yog lug siv nyob rau hauv horticulture. Cov no muaj xws li nram qab no:

1. Sprinkle tag nrho saum npoo ntawm cov nroj tsuag nrog ib tug aqueous tov ntawm cov tshuaj. Nws yuav siv tshwj xeeb khoom - ib cov tshuaj tsuag raj mis nrog ib tug ntev hose mus cuag cov sab sauv ceg. Nws yog feem ntau thiab siv tau txoj kev los tua kab. mauj tshuaj tua kab rau txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntoo yog siv feem ntau los ntawm txau cov tshuaj.
2. Pollination tshuaj nyob rau hauv cov hmoov daim ntawv no, nyob rau hauv no txoj kev, cov tshuaj concentration yog tau saum toj no uas guarantees nws cov hauj lwm zoo.
3. Nws tabtom faus dabtsi hauv lub granules nyob rau hauv cov av tso cai rau kom nrog lub kab ntawm cab uas tsim nyob rau hauv cov av.
4. Fumigation - txau tshuaj rau horticultural qoob loo nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov chav.
5. Tsau lub noob nyob rau hauv ib tug aqueous tov ntawm insecticide yuav tau tshem ntawm me me qe ntawm kab.

Cov qauv no yog xaiv ib lub zuj zus, nyob ntawm seb lub xav li cas thiab possibilities ntawm lub gardener.

Mauj tshuaj tua kab rau sab hauv tsev cov nroj tsuag

Txawm tias muaj tseeb hais tias nyob hauv tsev cov nroj tsuag muaj tsawg raug mus tua los ntawm kab, es vaj, nws tshwm sim. Qe los yog kab ntawm cab yuav tau ua ke nrog rau cov av los yog dej rau irrigation. Ua puas rau lawv, cov hauv qab no tshuaj:

• "Akhtar" - tshuaj kev npaj ntawm thiamethoxam muaj tus nquag yeeb tshuaj, uas txav xws kab li thrips, mealybugs, scale kab, aphids. Ices tiv thaiv zuam.
• "Akarin" - ib yam khoom uas tua kab xws li sawflies, nplooj, npauj, thrips, aphids. Cov tshuaj tsis tsim plua plav paug av thiab sai sai puas yog dej.
• "Bazudin" zoo tiv thaiv kab txhua ntu ntawm lub neej voj voog. Incorporated rau hauv cov av thaum hloov cov nroj tsuag, raws li zoo raws li nyob rau saum npoo av ntawm hauv av thaum nws detects cov cab.
• Ntsuab xab npum muaj feem xyuam rau nrog bedbugs, slyunyavkami-spittlebugs, thrips, scale kab. Vim nyob tus yeees ntawm cov tshuaj no yog hais tias yuav environmentally phooj ywg.
• "Intal Vir" yog ua nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov ntsiav tshuaj, uas yog sib tov nrog dej nyob rau tus nqi ntawm ib ntsiav tshuaj ib 10 liv ntawm cov dej. Cov uas ua cov tshuaj tsuag nplooj ntawm cov nroj tsuag. Tejzaum nws mus txog 3 kev kho mob ntawm cov tshuaj mus rau lub tiav kev puas tsuaj ntawm ib tug kab pejxeem.
• "Txim taws" yog zoo tiv thaiv scale kab, weevil, lozhnoschitovok, mealybug. Cov tshuaj no yog xam tias yog conditionally txaus ntshai rau tib neeg thiab tej tsiaj, yog li tom qab ua yuav tsum tsis txhob lees rau cov nroj tsuag rau cov tsiaj thiab cov me nyuam.

Cov mauj tshuaj tua kab rau sab hauv tsev cov nroj tsuag muaj kuj pab tau horticultural qoob loo, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb mus soj ntsuam cov tshuaj teev rau ntawm daim ntawv lo ntawm cov tshuaj. Yog hais tias tau, koj yuav tsum xaiv cov txhais tau tias uas yog harmless mus rau tib neeg thiab tej tsiaj.

Npaj rau conifers

Kab cuam tshuam conifers tsis muaj tsawg lub vaj. Vim li no, mauj tshuaj tua kab yog siv rau softwood tswv uas saib txoj kev zoo nkauj ntawm qhov chaw. Lub cuam tshuam qhov chaw ntawm lub tsob ntoo pib tig daj, lub koob poob tawm, lawv tshwm dawb thaj ua rau thaj? Qhov no qhia lub xub ntiag ntawm lub kab. Feem ntau siv raws li nram no tshuaj:

• "Konfidor", "Mospilan", "Calypso" - Juniper tiv thaiv aphids.
• "Akhtar", "Enzhio" - zoo lwv nrog European Juniper scale kab. Rau ntau dua cov nyhuv, kev kho mob yog nqa tawm rau 14 hnub nrog ib zaus ntawm 1 txhua txhua 2-3 hnub nrog tshuaj hloov.
• "Caesar," "Nurel-D", "Aktelik" - siv los tua dev mub cucujidae Oregon, uas yog ib tug kab mob nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov hom ntawm conifers. Cov tshuaj siv yog tsis tsawg tshaj 3 lub sij hawm nrog ib tug caij nyoog ntawm 10-11 hnub.
• "Bazudin", "nroo", "Medvetoks", "antikhrusch" zoo ua kom puas rau pejxeem Polyphylla ntawm tag nrho cov theem ntawm kev loj hlob (ntawm kab rau cov neeg laus). Raws li ib tug lwm txoj txoj kev tej zaum yuav siv ntoo thuv tawv ntoo mulch, uas tiv thaiv lub shelving cockchafer maum qe nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus cheeb tsam ntawm coniferous nroj tsuag.

Thaum ua tshuaj yog ib qho tseem ceeb yuav tau xav txog lub tswv yim pom zoo ntawm lub chaw tsim tshuaj paus, qhia rau hauv lub ntim. Puas tu yog xam ntau npaum puas cab kab tsis xyuas cov nroj tsuag.

Nws yuav tsum tau nco ntsoov tias twb qhov chaw me me thiab cov pwm muaj stimulants ntawm kab kab nyob rau hauv lub vaj. Nyob rau hauv kev txiav txim kom tsis txhob muaj lawv tawm tsam, nws yog tsim nyog ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov mus muab tej yam kev mob rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm horticultural qoob loo.

Kom siv cov tshuaj tua kab, noj mus rau hauv tus account kev nyab xeeb thiab cov tswv yim hais txog cov tshuaj los ntawm lub chaw tsim tshuaj paus yuav cawm kev zoo nkauj ntawm qhov chaw, cog noj qab haus huv thiab sau.