Khoom noj cov ntaub ntawv: ntau lawm technology thiab cov yam ntxwv

Ntau npaum daim ntawv siv nyob rau hauv lub hu lub xeev rau kho lub hom phiaj tshuaj uas yog qib siab rau nws siv thiab cia. Muaj ib tug xov tooj ntawm classifications, raws li nyob rau hauv uas cov tshuaj yog muab faib ua tej pawg neeg. Nyob rau hauv lub taub hau, distinguishes ntawm cov hauv qab no ntau npaum cov ntaub ntawv: khoom, kua, muag muag.

Cov feem ntau siv yog pom tias yuav tsum muaj ib tug khoom daim ntawv. Lub peculiarity ntawm nws raug lies nyob rau hauv lub fact tias los ntawm kev siv tej yam yees yuav muab cov kev tsim nyog lub sij hawm poob thiab ib theem zuj zus ntawm kev nyias mus nyias thiab haum ntawm Cheebtsam nyob rau hauv lub hnyuv ib ntsuj av. Xav txog txhua tus neeg sawv cev nyob rau hauv pab pawg neeg no.

ntsiav tshuaj

Ntsiav tshuaj hu ua khoom noj cov ntaub ntawv, uas yog tau ua los ntawm compressing hmoov los yog granules. Lawv muaj tej yam tshuaj thiab tej zaum yuav muaj xws li ib los yog ntau yam tshuaj. Cov ntsiav tshuaj muaj ntau daim: puag ncig, kheej li lub qw, square, voos, sib npaug npoo, convex rau ib qho yooj yim nqos thiab lwm tus neeg.

Khoom noj ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov tshuaj muaj ntau txoj kev ua ntaub ntawv thov:

• qhov ncauj (sab hauv), qhov no muaj xws li sparkling;
• txheej - yog yaj nrog ib tug saib kom siv raws li ib tug yaug yog siv los ntxuav los yog muab tshuaj pleev;
• sublingual (muab tso rau hauv tus nplaig), buccal (sab plhu muab kev npaj);
• paum - siv heev dua lwm yam cov poj niam uas muab mus rau hauv qhov chaw mos los;
• implanting nyob rau hauv daim tawv nqaij - txhais tau tias nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug aseptic sutured nyob rau hauv daim tawv nqaij nyob rau hauv lub anterior mob plab phab ntsa los yog nyob rau hauv lub duav.

Cov theem ntawm haum ntsiav tshuaj Cheebtsam nyob rau hauv lub mob huam yuav tsum tau ib tug tsis kam nws zom (tshwj tsis yog tias tsis teev nyob rau hauv cov lus qhia). Ib co tshuaj yog them los ntawm lub plhaub, yog li ntawd lub ntsim saj ntawm tsis sawv khaus rau hauv txheej membrane ntawm lub qhov ncauj.

Cov khoom noj ntaub ntawv (ntsiav tshuaj) yuav tsum tau muab cia rau hauv ib lub pob nyob rau hauv uas lawv tso tawm los ntawm cov nroj tsuag. Nws tiv thaiv cov khoom los ntawm dej nkag, tshav ntuj, muab sterility. Lub ntim yuav tsum tau muab cia rau hauv ib tug qhuav qhov chaw, kev tiv thaiv los ntawm lub teeb. Yog hais tias tsim nyog, nws yog nyob rau hauv lub tub yees.

dragee

Khoom noj cov ntaub ntawv uas yog npaj los ntawm layering lub active tshuaj mus rau lub inert cov cab kuj hais siv qab zib syrups. Dragees muaj cov nram qab zoo:

• lub peev xwm tsim ib tug khoom daim ntawv nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj uas yuav tsis tau nias;
• sib cais ntawm txawv active tshuaj nyob rau hauv ib koob tshuaj;
• tshem tawm ntawm tsw thiab saj ntawm cov tshuaj;
• txhob khaus ntxim rau lub cev;
• tiv thaiv zoo ntawm lub active tshuaj los ntawm lub teeb, cov pa thiab txhua yam teebmeem.

Tsis zoo muaj raws li nram no:

• qhov yuav tsum tau siv me me ntawm lub active tshuaj;
• qeeb tso tawm thiab disintegration ntawm lub formulation;
• nyuaj nqos;
• tau expanding thaum raug los ua cua sov thiab haus dej.

Daim ntawv taum siv ncaw. Mas rau cov neeg npaj uas yuav siv tau nyob rau hauv me me noj tshuaj npaum cas.

hmoov

Qhov no cov khoom noj ntaub ntawv yog siv rau cov sab hauv thiab sab nraud siv thiab muaj flowability. Lub hmoov muaj pes tsawg leeg yuav muaj xws li ib los yog ntau yam tshuaj. Qhov zoo ntawm cov yooj yim ntawm kev siv thiab ua yog suav tias yog, siab bioavailability, thiab yooj yim ntawm kev siv. Hmoov conveniently muab, thauj, xaiv lub caij nyoog npaum li cas.

Txawm li cas los, cov ntaub ntawv yog sai heev oxidized yuav nqus dej. Yuav muaj ib tug unpleasant saj los yog tsw. Hmoov nyob rau hauv ntau npaum thiab undosed (hmoov) daim ntawv. Nyob ntawm seb lub hom ntawm kev siv, distinguished npaj rau sab hauv thiab sab nraud daim ntawv thov.

Siv thiab ua cov khoom ntau npaum ntaub ntawv yuav tsum tau mus los ntawm hauv qab no cov kauj ruam:

1. Uas, sib tsoo thiab sieving lub active tshuaj tshuaj.
2. Rau txoj kev npaj - nws qhov tsim nyog Cheebtsam.
3. Sib cais ntawm cov tshuaj thiab lub ntim ntawm txhua tus ntawm lawv.
4. Xyuas raws kev cai nrog tus uas yuav tsum tau thiab cov qauv.
5. Ua hmoov rau so.

qhuav cia

Cov khoom ntau npaum ntawv no npaj los ntawm tshem cov kuab siv rau ua cov tshuaj no. Tom qab so qhuav lub loj decreases. Kuaj pom ntawm cov kua feem nyob rau hauv qhuav extract tsis ntau tshaj 5% ntawm tag nrho cov luj ntawm lub formulation. Qhov no hom yog pom tias yuav ua tau lub feem ntau muaj kuab ntawm tag nrho cov extracts.

Cov neeg sawv cev ntawm cov pab pawg neeg yog muab faib mus rau hauv lub nram qab no pab pawg:

• cia muaj txwv sab sauv txwv ntawm active tshuaj;
• cia muaj ib tug uas tsis yog-limiting ib lub txwv ntawm active tshuaj.

Nyob rau hauv thawj cov ntaub ntawv, cov kev npaj los muaj ib tug leej koob ntawm cov tshuaj yeeb dej caw. Yuav kom ua tau li no, siv tshwj xeeb fillers (qabzib, qab zib, qos yaj ywm dextrin) cia los yog tov nyob rau hauv tej yam ratios. Qhov thib ob embodiment tsis muaj fillers npaj. Lawv yog ua los ntawm cov neeg active tshuaj uas yog tsis muaj zog.

granules

Khoom noj ntaub ntawv rau cov zaub mov txawv uas sau tsuas yog ib tug abbreviated yam ua nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov nplej ntawm cov lus zoo li tus loj tsis ntau tshaj 0.05, lub pellets tej zaum yuav uncoated, coated-effervescent, rau qhov siv thiab ua cov kua noj.

Cov ntaub ntawv yog lug siv nyob rau hauv homeopathy. Lawv npaj nrog qhov sib ntxiv ntawm lactose, lactose sib tov nrog sucrose. Cov uas tau muaj siv nyob rau hauv cov pa xyaum, tsim lub qab zib, sodium bicarbonate, starch, nrog rau qhov sib ntxiv ntawm dyes.

Lub granules yuav tau ua cov active cov khoom xyaw uas muaj ib tug unpleasant saj los yog tsis hnov tsw, khaus ntxim rau cov mucosa ntawm lub qhov ncauj thiab lub plab. Dosing diav (teaspoons, dia).

lam nqi

Cov kev npaj yuav qhuav herbal lam tshuaj uas yog siv nyob rau hauv ib yam los yog raws li ib tug ua ke ntawm ob peb tshuaj ntsuab nrog roj yam tseem ceeb, los yog ntau yam ntsev. Tus nqi yog siv rau cov kev npaj ntawm infusions, decoctions, kev kho mob van. Number of tshuaj taub txua dia. Cov nram qab no hom ntawm cov nqi:

• pa (raw khoom ntim rau hauv cov duab los qhia thawv);
• nias (nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov briquettes los yog ntsiav tshuaj);
• soluble teas (hmoov los yog ntim rau hauv hnab lim).

Drug tshuaj yuav tsum tau muab cia rau hauv ib tug qhuav qhov chaw (tsis hauv qab no 15 ° ^C).

ntsiav tshuaj

Cov khoom noj daim ntawv muaj lub caij nyoog ntau npaum thiab yog siv rau kev noj. Ntsiav tshuaj nyob rau hauv Feem ntau, muaj ib tug kheej kheej zoo. Raws li ib tug puag siv koom haum pab uas yog ntxiv lub active cov khoom xyaw, thiab rau sab saum toj yog ua los ntawm yas.

Tus luj ntawm ib ntsiav tshuaj yog tsawg tshaj li 0.5 g, thiab txoj kab uas hla - 8 hli. khoom ntau npaum ntaub ntawv technology tso cai rau kom muab qhov no sawv cev ntawm cov neeg Cheebtsam uas tsis tau ua ke mus rau lwm cov khoom ntaub ntawv. Tsis ntev los no, nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov tshuaj, tsim lom active additives.

Yas nto uas yuav nplua los ntawm raug cov qaub ncaug, thiab cov kheej kheej zoo - yam tseem ceeb los pab txhawb haus ntawm cov tshuaj. Ntsiav tshuaj yuav tsum tau muab cia rau hauv ib qhov chaw txias, kev tiv thaiv los ntawm noo noo.

caramel

Cov neeg sawv cev ntawm cov khoom noj cov ntaub ntawv uas zoo li lozenge. Tus txheej txheem ntawm lawv siv yog zoo li tus khoom qab zib raug technology. Tshuaj npaj rau cov kev kho mob ntawm qhov ncauj kab mob, lawv yeej tsis chewed thiab muaj nyob rau hauv lub qhov ncauj kom txog thaum tiav nyias mus nyias.

Tshuaj yog tov nrog piam thaj thiab zib suab thaj rau muab ib tug zoo saj txhais tau tias. Yuav kom caramel mas yuav kis tau tus yam xim thiab tsw, yog muab mus rau ib tug sib tov coloring thiab flavors.

Pastilles

Cov khoom noj daim ntawv manufactured nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov tiaj tus tuab masses. Lub active tshuaj nyob rau hauv cov kev npaj, yog tov nrog piam thaj thiab muaj hnoos qeev. Pastilles yog cov nram qab no:

• txiv kab ntxwv;
• anise, liquorice;
• pum hub qhuav-eucalyptus;
• zib ntab-txiv qaub, thiab lwm tus neeg.

Lawv yog siv los ntawm kev zom khoom los yog ib co kab, mas nyob rau hauv txoj kev kho ntawm cov kab mob ntawm lub qhov ncauj kab noj hniav thiab Upper pa ib ntsuj av.

Glossety

Yog me me ntsiav tshuaj muaj ib tug glossy chaw uas yog siv rau cov sublingual thawj coj. Npaj li no yuav yaj sai sai. Glossety yuav thov thiab buccal (sab plhu). Active muaj absorbed los ntawm lub qhov ncauj mucosa. Zaub mov txawv yog sau nyob rau hauv tib txoj kev raws li zoo tib yam cov ntsiav tshuaj.

cwj mem qhuav

Lawv hu ua cov tshuaj los yog kev kho mob cwj mem qhuav. Qhov no cov khoom noj daim ntawv uas muaj hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug kheej kheej nrog ib puag ncig los yog ntse kawg. Nws yuav siv heev dua lwm yam rau lwm siv. Nyob rau cov qauv ntawm cov ntau lawm thiab hom bases, lub nram qab no ntawm tus cwj mem qhuav:

• ua;
• vitriol (raws li nyob rau hauv lub ceeb thawj ntawm lub hydrophilic);
• pum hub qhuav (raws li nyob rau hauv cov roj loj);
• tshuaj pleev (xws li lipsticks) - tej zaum yuav muaj li ntawm salicylic acid, procaine, dermatol, sulfur xeroform.

Raws li txoj kev ntawm daim ntawv thov paub qhov txawv cov nram qab no hom ntawm medicinal cwj mem qhuav:

• hemostatics - siv los mus tshem tawm los ntshav los ntawm cov hlab ntsha;
• reppelentny - tiv thaiv kab tom;
• kom hniav zoo nkauj antibacterial - mus tshem tawm cov o ntawm lub ntsej muag, rau tshwj kom txhob pob txuv thiab pob txuv;
• Kab mob khaub thuas - siv rau nyem ntawm cov tsos mob ntawm mob khaub thuas;
• Kev Kho Hniav - muaj tshwm sim nrog rau kev pab los ntawm daim ntawv thov ntawm medicaments mus rau lub qhov ncauj mucosa.

polymer films

Qhov no cov khoom noj ntaub ntawv uas muaj rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm oval los yog rectangular daim hlau, muaj tus nquag tshuaj substance. Tus zaj duab xis generated los ntawm bio-soluble polymer uas muab ceev ceev txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov tshuaj nyhuv thiab ntev nws manifestation. Cov films yog siv rau cov Symptoms mus rau lub qhov ncauj los yog ob lub qhov muag.

Lub films muaj nyob rau hauv ob lub qhov muag nrog menyuam tsis taus thiab khaws lawv lub xeev, thaum nyob rau hauv cov kua muag dej thiab ib tug kaw lam fwj. Lub films siv rau mounting rau cov pos hniav, ua sai sai, tab sis ntau check tshaj lub sublingual formulations.

Mos, khoom, kua ntau npaum ntaub ntawv muaj lawv tus kheej cov yam ntxwv uas yog raug rau tej pab pawg neeg. Qhov no yog qhov kom zoo dua ntawm lawv cov kev siv nyob rau hauv tej yam kev soj ntsuam lub sijhawm. Hard thiab mos ntau npaum cov ntaub ntawv, xws li cov kua, yog xaiv nyob ntawm seb qhov yuav tsum tau ntev ntawm kev txiav txim, txoj kev ntawm daim ntawv thov, lub caij ntawm cov nyhuv ntawm lub active tshuaj substance.