Kev cai tshuaj ntsuab: npe. Medicinal Tshuaj thiab tshuaj ntsuab

Ib tug txiv neej los ntawm ancient sij hawm siv nyob rau hauv lub neej txhua hnub qus thiab cultivated tshuaj ntsuab, cov npe ntawm cov uas paub tias tag nrho - dandelion, burdock, nettle, celandine, clover, qus rosemary, sage, Adonis, thiab ob peb pua pua txhiab ntawm tsiaj. Lawv tau cog qoob loo rau hauv khoom noj, npaj cov tshuaj, rau tsiaj noj, siv rau hauv kev lag luam.

Dab tsi yog nyom?

Nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no muaj xws li tej pawg neeg ntawm cov nroj tsuag:

• Tus ntoo - lawv muaj lub siab lub cev them nrog daim tawv, heev heev ceg diverging los ntawm lub pob tw.
• Lov tas vau - es tsis txhob ntawm lub ntsiab pob tw tau tsim ib tug ob peb hloov maj mam ntxhov stalks.
• Tshuaj - tsis muaj ib lub cev, tab sis muaj mos stems uas tuag txhua xyoo. Lawv yog txhua xyoo, biennial thiab perennial.

Tsiaj qus thiab cultivated tshuaj ntsuab

Nroj tsuag uas tsis muaj kev pabcuam tib neeg yog hu ua wild-growing. Lawv muab faib rau qhov chaw uas muaj kev haum xeeb thiab cov huab cua puag rau lawv. Herbaceous nroj tsuag uas ib tug neeg cog los yog sowed, raws li tau los ntawm groomed (watered, kho, fertilized) yog cov tshuaj ntsuab. Piv txwv ntawm cultivation yog paub txij thaum ancient sij hawm. Nyob rau hauv lub chav ntawm yug me nyuam, cov kws tshawb fawb tau zoo dua qhov zoo ntawm kev cai tshuaj ntsuab, nce lawv Frost thiab drought tsis kam, tawm los, tsis kam mus rau cov kab mob.

Tib cov nroj tsuag tau ob qho tib si qus thiab kab lig kev cai. Piv txwv li, yog hais tias ib nyom clover hlob rau ntawm ntuj meadows, nws yog qus. Yog hais tias ib tug neeg cog qoob loo ntawm pastures thiab saib xyuas nws, nws ua ib tsob nroj.

Dib yog ib hom tshuaj ntsuab?

Cov ua liaj ua teb siv cov tshuaj ntsuab dav heev. Cov npe yog ntau yam - lettuce, sorrel, timothy nyom, melissa, caraway noob, dill, zaub txhwb qaib, mustard, horseradish, motherwort, ginseng thiab lwm tus. Cov no yog cov yam ntxwv zoo. Tab sis koj puas paub hais tias qos yaj ywm, dib thiab lws suav yog, nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, kuj cultivated tshuaj ntsuab? Lawv cov npe paub peb, tab sis peb xav tias lawv yog zaub. Nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, zaub yog hu ua nyob rau hauv lub neej txhua hnub txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm cov nroj tsuag, thaum lawv lub neej daim ntawv nyob rau hauv botany yog hu ua nyom. Los ntawm analogy, txiv tsawb, pineapple thiab Jerusalem artichoke kuj yog cov herbaceous nroj tsuag, ntawm no koj muaj xws li cov nplej, rye, peas, taum thiab lwm cov qoob loo uas tsis muaj ntoo los yog lignified stems.

Kev faib tawm

Kev tshawb, tshuaj ntsuab raug muab faib ua:

• Txhua xyoo - lawv tag nrho tuag tawm tom qab lub caij loj hlob thiab fruiting (piv txwv li, dill, peas). Lawv tsuas yog rov ua dua nrog kev pab los ntawm cov noob.
• Biennial - cov nroj tsuag tag nrho cov lub neej voj voog uas kav mus txog rau 24 lub hlis thiab muaj xws li ob loj hlob lub caij. Qhov no, piv txwv, cabbage, carrots, daisies.
• Perennials yog cov nroj tsuag uas nws lub neej khwv tau ntev tshaj ob xyoos. John John lub wort, tsoo, txiv tsawb yog cov piv txwv ntawm cov ntoo phij cuam thaus liv.

Lwm hom kev xaiv

Los ntawm kev lag luam:

• Grasses (thaj av cropping);
• Herbaceous nroj tsuag, uas nws txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog cov zaub (zaub hlob);
• Paj (floriculture).

Rau lub hom phiaj nyiaj txiag:

• Khoom noj khoom haus tshuaj ntsuab - dill, parsley, cumin, mustard, eggplant thiab ntau pua pua.
• Fodder nroj tsuag - alfalfa, sainfoin, Timautes , thiab lwm tus neeg.
• Spinning grasses - flax, hemp, thiab lwm yam.
• Medonosy - buckwheat, qab zib clover, snakehead, lwm yam zoo li
• Medicinal cog nroj tsuag yog tshuaj ntsuab siv nyob rau hauv phytotherapy. Cov no yog chamomile, niam tsev, ntses, ginseng, mint, cais, St. John lub wort, hlua, plantain, oregano. Lawv sown nyob rau hauv teb los mus sau cov khoom siv raw cov nplooj: nplooj, paj, rhizomes.
• Dyeing nroj tsuag yog calendula, uas kuj siv rau medicinal nroj tsuag.
• Kev tshuaj ntsuab - txhom tsoob.

Ib hom qis dua

Cultivated nroj tsuag (grasses zoo li) yog qee zaum cais tawm raws li lawv cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg, noj rau hauv cov xwm txheej cov khoom ntawm lub yeeb tshuaj:

• Protein-muaj,
• Tshaj noom,
• Qab zib-muaj,
• Cov roj zaub,
• Ethereal,
• Ntsim,
• Alkaloid,
• Fibrous.

Lub npe txawv

Txhua tsob nroj muaj ntau lub npe. Nyob rau hauv cov neeg, cov npe ntawm cov tshuaj ntsuab (txawv tau txawv ntawm lawv tus kheej) aptly xaiv lawv cov khoom tshwj xeeb. Nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb scientific, xws li cov nroj tsuag raug hu ua Latin lo lus.

Cultivated tshuaj ntsuab ntawm Russia

Lub npe ntawm herbaceous nroj tsuag uas loj hlob nyob rau hauv ntau expanses ntawm peb lub teb chaws yog heev ntau. Cultures yog cog hauv cov teb agricultural, fertile daim av uas tso cai rau koj mus sau cov khoom siv nyiaj txiag. Tus tswv cog thiab cog ntau tshuaj ntawm lawv cov khoom siv hauv tsev.

Cov kab ntau tsob nroj herbaceous cog rau hauv Russia yog hom qoob mog. Ntawm lwm cov cereals uas yog ubiquitously zus hauv lub teb chaws, koj tuaj yeem hu rau rye, oats, barley, pob kws, kua thiab millet.

Nres legumes - peas, taum, lentils.

Qos yaj ywm yog tib hom ntawm starchy herbaceous nroj tsuag uas yog ntse zus nyob rau hauv Russia. Peb kuj tau cultivated ib tug tshwj xeeb qab zib cov qoob loo - qab zib beets.

Ntawm hom roj-kev coj, paj noob hlis, txhom, flax, mustard yog dav faib.

Nyob rau hauv teb thiab nyob rau hauv tej yam zaub vaj teb loj hlob zaub nroj tsuag - cucumbers, zucchini, squash, eggplants, txiv lws suav, dill, radishes, beets, dos, carrots thiab cabbage. Tag nrho cov saum toj no kuj yog ib hom tshuaj ntsuab ntawm Russia. Lawv cov npe yog muaj nyob rau hauv cov phau ntawv qhia botanical raws li cov nroj tsuag herbaceous. Txawm hais tias qhov no txawv txawv, koj yuav tsum pom zoo!

Medicinal Tshuaj

Lub npe ntawm medicinal nroj tsuag uas yog cultivated nyob rau hauv Russia yog heev heev. Ib feem ntawm ob peb lab hectares hauv lub teb chaws yog faib rau sowing medicinal tshuaj ntsuab. Feem ntau feem ntau mint, chamomile, valerian, plantain, burdock, nettle, celandine. Tsawg feem ntau, lavender, St. John lub wort, celery, qhiav, niam txiv, sage, wormwood, marjoram, basil yog zus.

Tsis ntev los no, txoj hauv kev kho mob hauv cov tshuaj ntsuab tau raug qis qis dua. Lub ntsiab tseem ceeb yog kev lag luam ua lag luam. Herbaceous nroj tsuag yog xav tau nyob rau hauv kev saib xyuas, lub processing ntawm cov qoob loo yog tsuas yog nqa tawm manually, tus nqi rau cov ntaub ntawv raw yog tsawg. Tsis tas li ntawd, ntau cov tshuaj ntsuab nyob rau hauv cov nram qab no xyoo clog lub qoob loo ntawm lwm cov qoob loo raws li weeds, rov qab thiab loj dua nyob rau hauv kab.

Xav tias qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov nroj tsuag zoo li no hauv lub caij nyoog Soviet, lawv tas li nyob rau hauv cov qoob loo ntawm kev cog qoob loo. Txawm li cas los, hnub no tus neeg ua teb sows nplej thiab sunflower - cov qoob loo uas muab nyiaj ntau kawg. Thiab leej twg xav cog cov sage? Tej zaum qhov no yog ib tug rhetorical lo lus nug.