Karelian hav zoov: ib tug piav qhia, xwm, cov ntoo thiab nthuav tseeb

Karelia feeb hu ua lub hav zoov thiab pas dej ntug. Niaj hnub nimno struts twb tsim nyob rau hauv tus ntawm ib tug glacier melting uas pib tsug kaum peb txhiab xyoo dhau los. Mis nyuj los xij maj poob, thiab cov yaj dej lawm ua tus sau hollows nyob rau hauv lub pob zeb. Yog li twb tsim ib tug ntau ntawm cov pas dej thiab cov niam dej nyob rau hauv Karelia.

hav zoov nkauj xwb

Karelian hav zoov - ib tug tiag tiag wealth ntawm thaj av ntawd. Rau ob peb lub yog vim li cas, feem ntau cov forestry kev ua ub no txuj ci tseem ceeb bypassed lawv los ntawm. Qhov no siv rau arrays raws Finnish ciam teb. Vim hais tias ntawm no fwm kob ntawm pristine xwm. Karelian forests khav ntoo thuv ntoo, uas nws muaj hnub nyoog nce mus txog tsib puas xyoo.

Nyob rau hauv Karelia, hais txog peb puas txhiab hectares ntawm forests yog nyob rau hauv tus txheej xwm ntawm lub teb chaws chaw ua si thiab reserves. Nkauj xwb ntoo lub hauv paus ntawm "Pasvik" reserves, "Kostomukshsky", "Paanayarvsky" National Park.

Ntsuab Wealth: Nthuav lus tseeb

Kev loj hlob ntawm Karelia forests pib thaum lub sij hawm yug me nyuam ntawm qhov kev lag luam. Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua lub ntov ntawm cov ntoo coj qhws xim. Cia li nyob ib ncig ntawm lub ironworks yog tseeb tej. Nyob rau hauv lub thib kaum cuaj caug xyoo, lub volume ntawm ntoo teb soared. Lub richness ntawm lub Karelian forests maj melted. Nws yog tsuas nyob rau hauv lub nineties ntawm lub xyoo pua xeem, deforestation tau poob ho. Tam sim no, ib zaug dua muaj ib tug gradual nce nyob rau hauv tus nqi ntawm ntxawm hauv cav ntoo, vim hais tias nws yog ib tug tseem ceeb export khoom, uas yog ib txwm nyob rau hauv coob.

Karelian hav zoov: ntoo uas tus thawj

Tej chaw no yog incredibly zoo nkauj thiab cov nplua nuj tej nroj tsuag.

Lub hauv paus ntawm lub Karelian forests - yog spruce thiab ntoo thuv. Nyob rau hauv sab qaum teb cheeb tsam ua tau raws li Finnish spruce, thiab nyob rau hauv lub sab hnub tuaj - Siberian. Tab sis tej nroj tsuag yog sawv cev tsis tau tsuas yog conifers. Yuav ua li cas yog nws Karelian hav zoov? Yuav ua li cas ntoo loj hlob txawm nyob rau hauv cov qhov chaw? Tseem muaj ntau hardwoods. Nto moo Karelian birch hav zoov ntoo, nws ob hom - ntxuav thiab warty. Tsis tas li ntawd hardwood hlob Alder nplaum thiab Aspen.

hav zoov hom

Nyob rau hauv South Karelia muaj cov loj loj tracts ntawm broad-leaved ntoo - elm, linden, Alder thiab maple. Karelian ntoo thuv forests loj hlob, feem ntau yog nyob rau hauv cov pluag xau thiab ua ob peb hom uas txawv nyob rau hauv qhov xwm ntawm cov av thiab lub hom nroj tsuag ntawm lub sab theem.

Nyob rau hauv lub lowlands, nras thiab swamps suab qhov txhia chaw loj hlob sphagnum ntoo thuv forests nrog stunted thiab tonkostvolnym hav zoov. Ntawm no cov av yog yus muaj los ntawm ib tug tuab cover ntawm ntxhuab, kuj tuav ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm lov tas vau - rosemary, blueberry, thiab los Myrtle.

Thaum ib tug ntau fertile av tswm ntoo thuv-zelenomoshniki uas yog sawv cev los ntawm ntoo siab siab. Nyob rau hauv no tom hav zoov undergrowth heev tsis tshua muaj thiab muaj Juniper thiab Rowan. Bush npog cranberries thiab blueberries, tab sis cov av yog them nrog ntxhuab. Raws li rau herbaceous nroj tsuag, nyob ntawm no lawv yog ob peb heev.

Nyob rau depleted xau, qhov chaw siab tshaj thiab cliffs saum loj hlob Lichen ntoo thuv forests. Tsob ntoo nyob rau hauv cov chaw no yog heev tsawg, thiab muaj yog suab tsis muaj underbrush. Av cover sawv cev los ntawm Lichen, ntxhuab, ntsuab mosses, bearberry, cranberries.

Rau ib tug ntau nplua nuj av yus muaj los ntawm spruce. Cov feem ntau yog zelenomoshniki, muaj raws yuav luag heev dua lwm yam ntawm fir ntoo, tej zaum yuav tej zaum kuj tshwm sim Aspen thiab birch. Nyob rau outskirts ntawm lub swamps rau peat-podzolic xau nyob sphagnum spruce thiab dolgomoshniki. Tab sis rau cov kwj hav yam ntxwv bolotnotravnye spruce hav zoov nrog Moss thiab tiv Alders thiab meadowsweet.

mixed forests

Nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm lub ntov thiab hav zoov hluav taws kub ib zaug radical yog hloov los ntawm theem nrab mixed hav zoov chaw uas loj hlob Aspen, birch, Alder, kuj muaj ib tug nplua nuj undergrowth thiab hav txheej. Tab sis ntawm cov hardwoods yog haum ntau, thiab conifers. Raws li ib tug txoj cai, nws yog spruce. Nws yog nyob rau hauv mixed forests nyob rau hauv sab qab teb ntawm Karelia tsis tshua muaj no elm, linden, Maple.

marshes

Hais txog peb caug feem pua ntawm cov koom pheej lub chaw uas zoo heev yog nyob los ntawm cov marshes thiab nraum, uas tsim tus yam ntxwv ntawm toj roob hauv pes. Lawv alternate nrog forests. Marshes raug muab faib mus rau hauv lub nram qab no:

1. Lowland nroj tsuag uas yog sawv cev los ntawm shrubs, ntiv thiab sedge.
2. Upland, uas yog pub los ntawm atmospheric nag lossis daus. Ntawm no loj hlob blueberries, cranberries, cloudberries, qus rosemary.
3. Nraum marshes sawv cev rau ib qho kev nthuav ua ke ntawm thawj ob lub hom.

Tag nrho cov hav iav zoo heev ntau haiv neeg. Nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, nws pas dej, npog lub intricacies ntawm mosses. Ntawm no muaj ntoo thuv thiab marshy cheeb tsam uas muaj me me birch ntoo, nruab nrab ntawm uas gleam tsaus dej nrog duckweed.

Kev zoo nkauj Karelia

Karelia - extraordinarily zoo nkauj av. Ntawm no cov hav iav overgrown nrog ntxhuab, lwm nrog nkauj xwb forests, lub roob muab txoj kev mus nras thiab toj nrog amazing scenery, twj ywm nto ntawm lub pas dej puv rau hauv raging dej ntws thiab ntws ntawm tus mob rocky hiav txwv ntug dej.

Yuav luag 85% ntawm lub chaw uas zoo heev - ib tug Karelian hav zoov. Yeej los ntawm conifers, tab sis tseem muaj me me-leaved. Tus thawj coj yog heev zog Karelian ntoo thuv. Nws occupies 2/3 ntawm tag nrho cov hav zoov. Loj hlob nyob rau hauv xws hnyav tej yam kev mob, nws yog ib lub tswv yim ntawm cov neeg nyob hauv zos, muaj cim zoo zog, fueling lwm tus lub zog, qaug zog thiab txob taus.

Local forests yog nto moo Karelian birch. Nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, nws yog heev me me thiab nondescript tsob ntoo. Txawm li cas los, nws tau tau lub ntiaj teb no koob meej ua tsaug rau nws cov muaj zog heev thiab khoom ntoo, uas tsa marble vim hais tias ntawm lub bizarre daim duab.

Karelian forests kuj nplua nuj nyob rau hauv lam thiab siav herbaceous nroj tsuag thiab lov tas vau. Muaj blackberries, blueberries, raspberries, txiv pos nphuab, cloudberries, cranberries thiab lingonberries. Nws yuav tsis ncaj ncees tsis nco qab lub nceb, uas nyob rau hauv Karelia nyob rau hauv abundance. Lub earliest ntawm lawv tshwm sim nyob rau hauv Lub rau hli ntuj, thiab nyob rau hauv lub Cuaj Hli Ntuj, ib lub sij hawm ntawm sau nceb rau pickling - mus volnushki, sinyushki, nceb.

tsob ntoo hom

Nyob rau Karelian expanses ntawm cov ntoo thuv ntoo, uas nws muaj hnub nyoog yog tsis tsawg tshaj li 300-350 xyoo. Txawm li cas los, muaj cov laus nrws. Lawv qhov siab yog 20-25 los yog txawm 35 meters. Ntoo thuv koob ua volatile, uas yuav tua tau cov kab mob. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, nws yog zoo heev yug menyuam, nws ntoo yog zoo rau lub shipbuilding thiab yooj yim siv tej hauj lwm. Ib tug ntoo los ntawm cov kua txiv rho rosin thiab Turpentine.

Nyob rau hauv Marcial dej hlob zoo heev ib tug tshwj xeeb ntoo thuv-survivor, uas nws muaj hnub nyoog - txog li plaub puas xyoo. Nws nkag mus rau hauv lub npe ntawm tsawg ntoo. Muaj txawm tias ib tug dab neeg uas cov ntoo thuv tsob ntoo cog ze ntawm Peter kuv, tab sis, yog hais tias koj coj mus rau hauv tus account nws muaj hnub nyoog, nws yuav, nws loj hlob mus ntev ua ntej ntawd lub sij hawm.

Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, nyob rau hauv Karelia hlob Siberian spruce thiab zoo tib yam. Nyob rau hauv lub zos cov ntsiab lus uas nws nyob ob los yog peb puas xyoo, thiab ib co lub nrws nyob txog li ib nrab ib xyoo pua ntawm lub hnub nyoog, thaum tau raws li 35 meters nyob rau hauv qhov siab. Cov kab uas hla ntawm tsob ntoo - txog ib 'meter'. spruce ntoo yog heev lub teeb, yuav luag dawb, nws yog heev mos mos thiab lub teeb. Nws yog siv rau cov uas ua qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawv. Spruce kuj paub raws li ib tug music nroj tsuag. Xws li ib tug lub npe uas nws tau txais tsis yog ib tug coincidence. Du thiab yuav luag zoo meej nws yeej siv tau rau zus tau tej cov seev suab paj nruas.

Nyob rau hauv lub Karelian forests pom nab spruce, uas yog ib tug natural monument. Nws yog ib yam uas zoo txaus siab rau loj hlob nyob rau hauv chaw ua si.

Larch, ntau nyob rau hauv Karelia, xa mus rau raws li coniferous ntoo, tab sis txhua txhua xyoo lawv los lawv cov koob. Qhov no tsob ntoo yog pom tias yuav ua tau ntev-lived, vim hais tias lub neej mus txog 400-500 xyoo (qhov siab txog li 40 meters). Larch hlob sai sai heev thiab yog menyuam tsis tau tsuas yog vim hais tias ntawm nws cov khoom ntoo, tab sis kuj raws li ib tug kab lis kev cai ua si.

Nyob rau hauv qhuav spruce thiab ntoo thuv forests ib tug ntau ntawm Juniper, uas yog ib tug coniferous evergreen tsob nroj. Nws yog nthuav tsis tau tsuas yog raws li ib tug ornamental nroj, tab sis kuj raws li ib tug lam hom, vim hais tias nws berries muaj tshuaj siv nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj tshuaj.

Lub Karelian birch yog ntau. Muaj ib tsob ntoo tej zaum hu ua ib tug tho kev, raws li nws yog tus thawj mus nyob tej qhov chaw dawb. Birch nyob ib tus luv luv lub sij hawm - los ntawm 80 mus 100 xyoo. Nyob rau hauv lub hav zoov nws los txog rau lub qhov siab ntawm nees nkaum-tsib meters.