Karelian hav zoov: ib tug general txheej txheem cej luam thiab cov duab

Karelian Thaj av yog nyob rau hauv lub deb sab qaum teb ntawm Russia. Los ntawm sab hnub poob nws ciam teb rau lwm nrog Finland, thiab nws cov sab hnub tuaj sab ntug dej yog ntxuav los ntawm lub Dawb Hiav txwv. Qhov no cheeb tsam yog nto moo rau nws amazing fauna thiab muaj, yog lom zem ntau khaws cia tseg lawv thawj tsos. Karelian hav zoov tuas ntau secrets, nws yog dotted nrog dej ntws thiab ib tug lossis loj tus naj npawb ntawm cov pas dej muab zais rau hauv nws cov depths.

Niaj hnub no, cov chaw muaj kev tiv thaiv los ntawm lub xeev. Yos hav zoov thiab deforestation yog nruj me ntsis tiv thaiv tau. Ntoo plays ib qho tseem ceeb luag hauj lwm nyob rau hauv txoj kev loj hlob ntawm neeg mus ncig tebchaws infrastructure, tab sis kuj muaj zoo muaj tseem ceeb.

encyclopedic cov ntaub ntawv

Forests npog ntau tshaj ib nrab ntawm ib ncig ntawm lub koom pheej ntawm Karelia. Lwm 30% yog nyob los ntawm cov marshes. Nyob rau hauv tag nrho, lub hav zoov ntawm Karelia npog 14 lab hectares, 9.5 lab ntawm cov uas yog them nrog ib tug tas mus tom hav zoov. Ib feem peb ntawm cov cheeb tsam no yog kev tiv thaiv ntawm cov seem forests yog siv muag.

thaj nta

Karelia yam txawv ntawm nyem. Nws lub teb chaws zoo li patchwork ntaub pua plag, nyob rau hauv uas koj yuav saib tau lub iav pas dej, ntoo thuv forests, bogs, heaths, birch nyuaj thiab toj. Nyob rau hauv prehistoric lub sij hawm, lub toj roob hauv pes twb los ntawm lub zog ntawm glaciers. Niaj hnub no, raws li lub cim xeeb ntawm cov txheej xwm ntawm bygone eras, towering tshaj lub cheeb tsam "mutton hauv pliaj" - ib yam ntawm cov dawb tus pob zeb, muab ntov giant dej khov.

Cov yav qab teb cov cheeb tsam yog kiag li them nrog ib tug tuab thiab siab ntoo thuv hav zoov. North Karelia ntoo nyob txawv heights thiab ceev.

Coniferous thiab deciduous ntoo Karelia

Sandy av tso nyiaj rau lub fact tias nyob rau hauv lub Karelian ntoo thuv reigns. Nws yus tus kheej li ze li ntawm 70% ntawm cov forests. Spruce loj hlob nyob rau hauv av nplaum thiab av nplaum xau, mas nyob rau hauv lub yav qab teb cheeb tsam ntawm lub nruab nrab-band.

Ib txhia raug rho tawm qhov chaw ntawm lub ntug dej hiav txwv ntawm lub Onega pas dej them nrog spruce, ua ke nrog txiv qaub thiab maple. Coniferous hav zoov ntawm Karelia nyob rau hauv sab qab teb-sab hnub tuaj ntawm lub teb chaws tov nrog Siberian larch.

Ntawm deciduous ntoo nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam hlob dawb birch, Alder, Aspen. Lub npe nrov Karelian birch, muaj variegated coloration, kev kub ceev thiab txawv tshaj plaw ntoo khaub lig-grained ntoo, pom xwb nyob rau hauv lub yav qab teb cov npoo ntawm cov cheeb tsam.

Nplua nuj nyob hauv cov chaw, thiab lam nroj tsuag. Ntawm no loj hlob qus nroj tsuag: bearberry, Lily ntawm cov hav, orchids, saib.

kev nyab xeeb

Ntoo ntawm Karelia twb tsim nyob rau hauv tus ntawm lub hnyav sab qaum teb nyab xeeb. Northern cheeb tsam uas nyob ib sab mus rau lub ciam ntawm lub Arctic vajvoog, thiab ib tug heev me me ib feem yog txawm nyob rau hauv nws cov kev txwv.

Hav zoov yog yus muaj los ntawm raug taiga ecosystem, tab sis Levozera zej zog, nyob nyob rau sab qaum teb ntawm Karelia, - ib tug tundra.

Dawb nights thiab raws caij nyoog nta ntawm lub cheeb tsam

Lub caij ntuj no nyob rau hauv cov qhov chaw no ntev. Nyob rau hauv sab qaum teb cheeb tsam ntawm hnub nrog sub-zero kub, muaj 190 nyob rau hauv lub xyoo nyob rau hauv lub yav qab teb - nyob ib ncig ntawm 150 lub caij nplooj zeeg pib nyob rau hauv Lub yim hli ntuj thiab xaus nyob ib ncig ntawm nruab nrab-Lub kaum hli ntuj. Pas dej khov lawm, cov cua intensified, ua cov kev siv thiab ntev ntawm nag lossis daus.

Yog hais tias koj muaj attracted los ntawm lub caij nplooj zeeg zoov ntawm Karelia, hu los ntawm ntau yam nyuab thiab paj huam los, mus rau lub xaus ntawm lub yim hli ntuj los yog thaum pib ntawm lub Cuaj Hli Ntuj, txwv tsis pub koj yuav muaj lub sij hawm los qhuas cov taiga nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj no.

Txawm li cas los, lub caij ntuj no nyob rau hauv cov qhov chaw yog tsis li ntawd phem. Rov qab nyob rau hauv nruab nrab-lub caij nplooj zeeg nyob rau hauv Karelia ntog impressive nyiaj daus, uas ces melts, tus plaub ya ri los dua. Cov snow cover kav yuav luag rau lub hlis nyob rau theem ntawm 60-70 cm (nyob rau hauv tshwj xeeb tshaj yog los daus caij ntuj no - txawm li mus rau ib tug Meter). Rau lub caij ntuj no, heev thaws, thaum lub hnub ci ntsa iab, zoo li ib tug caij nplooj ntoos hlav.

Lwm feature uas koj yuav tsum paub txog cov chaw - cov dawb nights. Lub caij ntuj sov nruab hnub nrig teev ntau tshaj 23 teev. Qhov tsaus ntuj yog yuav luag tsis tshwm sim, thiab lub ncov ntawm cov dawb hmo ntuj ntog nyob rau hauv Lub rau hli ntuj, thaum muaj tsis txawm tsaus ntuj zuag. Tab sis muaj yog, ntawm chav kawm, ib tug downside - lub ncov qaumteb qabteb hmo ntuj yog lowered mus rau hauv av los ntawm yuav luag 3 lub hlis. Txawm li cas los, nyob rau hauv sab qab teb ntawm lub teb chaws no phenomenon yog tsis muaj zog. Thaum lub sij hawm dawb nights yuav tau mus deb rau sab qaum teb - txog 66 degrees rau sab qaum teb latitude.

Karelian pas dej

Forests yog tsis tsuas ntuj wealth ntawm Karelia. Qhov no cheeb tsam yog nto moo rau nws cov pas dej thiab ntau yam ntxiv. Muaj ob ntawm cov teb chaws Europe tus loj tshaj plaws pas dej nyob - Ladoga thiab Onega. Pas dej ua si ib qho tseem ceeb heev luag hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub neej ntawm lub hav zoov ecosystem. Lawv lub tsev txhab nyiaj thaum ub tswm hauv paus txawm inhabitants ntawm lub cheeb tsam - Karelia. Lawv tsis tsuas yos hav zoov, tab sis nuv ntses. Tseem ceeb pas dej yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau cov tsiaj uas nyob hauv lub forests ntawm Karelia. Cov duab rau cov chaw no nyiam tourists. Cov neeg niaj hnub no xav kom khom nyob ze hav zoov pas dej.

Tag nrho cov Karelian pas dej nce mus txog rau 60 txhiab. Muaj ntau nyob rau hauv cov pawg neeg thaj av thiab dej ntws - txog 11 txhiab. Tag nrho cov dej ntug mus rau lub basins dawb thiab Baltic Seas.

Cov tsiaj ntiaj teb no ntawm forests

Fauna ntawm Karelia yog heev ntau haiv neeg. Cov tsiaj yeej lynx, marten, American thiab Lavxias teb sab mink, otters, ferrets, weasels, wolverines, weasels, badgers, xim av bears, hma, mab dev, elk, hma liab, qus reindeer, moles, shrews, squirrels, nas. Hedgehogs yog tsis tshua muaj heev, thiab tsuas yog nyob rau hauv sab qab teb. Muskrats tau tswm nyob rau hauv ntau reservoirs ntawm yav qab teb thiab hauv paus Karelia. Hare muaj ntau coj mus muag tseem ceeb. Ntawm cov tsiaj reptiles ntau ntau nab thiab vipers. Tab sis nab yuav pom xwb nyob rau hauv yav qab teb cov cheeb tsam, nyob rau hauv sab qaum teb muaj yuav luag tsis muaj.

Koom pheej ntawm Karelia hav zoov - yog lub tsev mus rau 200 hom noog, feem ntau ntawm uas yog khiav. Lossi nyob ntawm no capercaillie, dub grouse, grouse, partridges. Ntau yam dej noog: loons, grebes, os, thiab kuab. Muaj forests ntawm shorebirds, niam txiv dav, bitterns, ospreys, buzzards, cranes thiab cov corncrake, ib tug ntau ntawm txawv tsiaj ntawm cov owls. Nquag no raws li woodpeckers thiab thrushes, los ntawm lub caij nplooj zeeg nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam no pab yaj waxwings. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog attentive neeg mus ncig tebchaws ua tau raws li nyob rau hauv lub Karelian forests txawm dav dawb hau. Dub grouse thiab capercaillie tswm qhov txhia chaw.

Islands nyob rau hauv lub dawb Hiav txwv yog nto moo eider coob muaj ib tug high-zoo fluff. Nyob rau nws, raws li nyob rau hauv lwm yam tsawg noog, kev yos hav zoov yog txwv tsis pub.

kab

Yog hais tias koj npaj mus xyuas cov xav tsis thoob Karelian hav zoov thiab nug tswv yim los ntawm seasoned neeg mus tsham, muaj tseeb koj yuav tsum tau txais kev ceeb toom los ntawm lub sij hawm rau lub sij hawm mus mloog dab neeg ntshai heev txog yoov tshaj cum qhov luaj li cas ntawm ib tug sparrow, uas cia li Teem nrog cov tsiaj qus thiab overgrown, thiab txawm loj lub zos ntawm no sab qaum teb xeev.

Qhia txog ntawm tus loj, ntawm chav kawm, exaggerated, tab sis yog tsis muaj pa luam yeeb tsis muaj hluav taws. Yoov tshaj cum abound nyob ntawm no, thiab lawv yog cov heev loj. Dhau li yoov tshaj cum, forests thiab swamps inhabited Karelia muaj tsuas unthinkable xov tooj ntawm txawv cov ntshav-nqus, uas yog tshwj xeeb yog active thaum lub sij hawm flowering ntawm cloudberry berries. Tab sis los ntawm tus kawg ntawm lub yim hli ntuj, cov kev ua yog weakening, thiab nrog rau cov thawj lub Cuaj Hli Ntuj frosts nyob rau tag nrho los txog rau tsis muaj nuj nqis.

Tourism nyob rau hauv Karelia

Ob feem peb ntawm cov koom pheej yuav qhib rau tourists. Yuav kom tau mus rau lub zeem cia yog tsis zoo li, txij li thaum tag nrho cov kev ruaj ntseg aav tsuas tsis kam muab nkag. Yog, thiab muaj yog tsis muaj dab tsi tshwj xeeb ua li cas, nyob rau hauv lub taiga txias thiab pristine roob moj sab qhua.

Nws yog zoo dua mus rau cov cheeb tsam nrog ib tug tsawg tsim neeg mus ncig tebchaws infrastructure. Thiab nws yog muaj nqis mentioning thoob plaws abides tseem nyob rau hauv nws kiag. Tham txog cov theem siab ntawm kev pab cuam yog tsis tsim nyog. Tab sis tom qab no muaj cov yuav mus taiga tourists?

Cov hmoov txhuas nyob rau hauv lub saum toj ntawm Valaam - ib tug ancient monastery complex rau ntawm ib lub Ladoga pas dej. Ntawm no koj yuav mus mus los los koj tus kheej los yog raws li ib feem ntawm ib ncig xyuas pawg. Attendance noteworthy yog lub monastery nyob rau hauv Kizhi. Ob leeg ntawm tej chaw no yog nyob sab nraum lub Karelian hav zoov, tab sis cov neeg uas tuaj mus rau cov cheeb tsam no deb deb, sim mus xyuas tsis tau tsuas yog nyob rau hauv roob moj sab qhua ntawm pristine xwm, tab sis kuj mus xyuas lub chaw dawb huv.

Muaj ntau soj ntsuam ntawm hais tias nyob rau hauv Karelia muaj ntau ntau anomalies geoactive hu ua qhov chaw ntawm lub hwj chim. Los ntawm txoj kev, Valaam thiab Kizhi, dhau lawm, lawv yuav kho thiab suav hais tias raws li ib tug ntawm cov feem ntau haib. Nyob rau hauv lub backwoods hides ntau ancient pagan tuam tsev, yos rov qab mus rau lub Saami thiab Lapps - lub hauv paus txawm inhabitants ntawm cov chaw, uas tau tom qab hloov txoj kev cai los ntawm cov poj koob yawm txwv niaj hnub Karels thiab Slavs. Ib txhia siab tawv ntsuj plig yuav muab xa mus rau lub Karelian forests rau lub hom phiaj ntawm cov mysterious qhov chaw. Xav kom zoo zoo: Yog koj npaj txhij mus fim tus tsis paub?

Yog hais tias koj txiav txim siab mus saib rau lawv tus kheej li cas hauv lub hav zoov nyob rau hauv Karelia, npaj pozdku ntawm txhua lub sij hawm ntawm lub xyoo. Mus ncig teb chaws cov koom haum muaj kev caij ntuj sov qhua thiab ib tug tsiaj qus so, thiab Christmas tours thiab rafting on tus dej ntws obstinate, thiab ntau lwm yam kev pab cuam, feem ntau pom cov kev zoo nkauj ntawm lub pas dej thiab hav zoov. Ntawm cov hoob kawm, nyob rau hauv lub neeg mus ncig tebchaws kev lag luam ntawm Karelia txoj kev npaj tseem muaj chav kom loj hlob, tab sis txawm tam sim no theem yuav los siav lub tswvyim thiab txawj holidaymaker. Nws muaj ib lub tsev xauj ntawm tej waterway, nees caij, safari (nyob rau hauv lub caij, ntawm chav kawm), nuv ntses. Koj muaj peev xwm mus rau lub caij so, txawm tsis khoom thiab iav - txhua yam yuav khiab tsev nyob.

Mus pw hav zoov nyob rau hauv lub hav zoov

Zoo, yog hais tias tus civilized, cov los ntawm ib pab neeg ntawm cov tub txawg tsis tau so koj lub npe nyob rau hauv lub forests ntawm Karelia, koj yuav mus xyuas cov chaw nyob rau hauv lub tuam txhab ntawm avid neeg. Qhov tseeb tiag mas, yog tias muaj tsawg kawg yog ib tug neeg nyob rau hauv cov pab pawg neeg uas muaj kev taug nyob rau hauv Karelia. Tsis txhia chaw uas koj muaj peev xwm ua txhaum lub tsev ntaub thiab bonfires, thiab ib co amazing qhov chaw thiab tsis nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov nyob rau hauv cov ntawv teev lus. Piv txwv li, nws tus kheej-mus txog islands ntsujplig ntawm Okhta yuav luag tsis yooj yim sua - muaj yuav tsum tau ib txog tej phau ntawv.

Mus pw hav zoov nyob rau hauv loj tus xov tooj muaj nyob rau ntawm tus ntug dej ntawm lub hav zoov pas dej thiab cov niam dej tag nrho ntawm rapids. Tej chaw no yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog txaus nyiam rau lovers ntawm kev ua si dej. Kayakers nyob rau hauv Karelia yog tsis yooj yim dua.

Nyob rau hauv thiaj li tsis mus muaj teeb meem nrog rau cov kev cai lij choj thiab lawv lub siab, ua raws li cov kev ruaj ntseg nyob rau hauv lub koom haum ntawm hearths. Tsis txhob cia nyob rau hauv cov qus yog tsis muaj kab ntawm koj nyob twj ywm nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov pob ntawm dej haus thiab zaub mov, thiab tsev neeg thoob khib nyiab. Qhov no yuav ua tau nyob rau hauv ib tug hnyav zoo.

Folk ntoo crafts

Hav zoov Karelia tag nrho lub caij ntuj sov npaj rau generously muab cov wealth. Ntawm no koj yuav sib sau ua ke cranberries, cranberries, cloudberries, blueberries, raspberries, blueberries. Muaj ntau nyob rau hauv cov qhov chaw, thiab fungi. Cov neeg hauv zos yog koom nyob rau hauv ib tug nyob ntsiag to mus yos hav zoov txhua lub caij. Yog hais tias koj nyob nraum tsis muaj hmoo tog twg los nrog nceb los yog berries, nug cov neeg nyob rau hauv txhua txhua roadside settlements. Muaj tseeb muaj ntau ntau yam uas xav kom muaj koj lub zos specialties rau ib tug coj tus nqi.

Nyob rau hauv ancient sij hawm, cov neeg tseem hunted thiab yos hav zoov. Tseem ceeb plaub tsiaj, uas txawm hnub no abound Karelian forests, muaj nuj nqis nyob deb tshaj hauv lub cheeb tsam. Karels pog koob yawg koob twb active nyob rau hauv cov lag luam tawm, muag lawv wares rau tub txawj tub ntse los ntawm tag nrho cov thoob teb chaws Europe.

Muaj tus nqi ntawm forests

Niaj hnub no, lub ntsiab qhov chaw no tsis tsuas ntau lawm ntawm pluab, tos berries, nceb thiab lam nroj tsuag, tab sis kuj sis plawv hniav thiab cov ntawv thiab ntoo kev lag luam. Loggers Extract sawv ntoo nyob rau hauv Karelia thiab xa nws nyob rau hauv ntau thaj tsam ntawm Russia. Ntau ntau lub cav ntoo yog exported. Kom muaj nqi koj tshuav, lub xeev nruj me ntsis ntawm lwm yam uas deforestation thiab cog saplings.