Karel Čapek: biography, creativity

Thaum nws los txog rau Czech ntaub ntawv, nws los txog rau lub siab, ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, lub npe ntawm tus sau, raws li Karel Capek. Txawj nyeem ntawv nyob ib ncig ntawm lub ntiaj teb no paub txog nws cov dab neeg zoo, philosophical thiab puas siab puas ntsws ua hauj lwm. Luv luv biography ntawm lub Czech txawj sau ntawv - qhov raug ntawm tsab xov xwm.

Lub neej thiab hauj lwm

Karel Capek yug nyob rau hauv ib tug kws kho mob lub tsev neeg nyob rau hauv 1890. lub txawj sau ntawv thaum yau tsis yog ib tug bohemian ib puag ncig, thiab nyob rau hauv lub zoo tib yam. Čapek tsev neeg ib puag ncig los ntawm artisans thiab teb. Cov me nyuam novelist thiab playwright nkawd reflected nyob rau hauv nws cov hauj lwm, uas mas depicts lub neej zoo tib yam tib neeg. Txawm li cas los, cov ua hauj lwm ntawm no cov sau yog heev multifaceted. Karel Capek sau dab neeg thiab novels, thiab mus ncig teb chaws sau ntawv, thiab zoo heev khoom. Thiab nws yog nrog nws lub teeb tes-ntawv tseeb writers pib siv nyob rau hauv cov zajlus tej hauj lwm ntawm lo lus "neeg hlau", qhia ib tug mechanism tsim los ntawm tib neeg ntsis.

Tom qab kawm tiav rau xyoo los ntawm high school Karel Capek nkag mus hauv lub Metropolitan University. Thiab nyob rau hauv 1915 nws tau txais ib tug doctorate nyob rau hauv philosophy. Nws ua hauj lwm rau ntau xyoo raws li ib tug journalist, thiab nyob rau hauv lub xyoo 1921-1923. - playwright nyob rau hauv lub Prague ua yeeb yam.

Capek sau ntawv pib nyob rau hauv thaum tiav hluas. Tab sis thaum ntxov tsim yaam tshab tau luam tawm npaum li cas tom qab ntawd. Paub txawj sau ntawv coj ua txoj hauj lwm. Lub nto moo tshaj plaws ntawm lawv - lub comedy "Los ntawm lub neej ntawm Kab".

Philosopher thiab txawj sau ntawv

Tsim kom muaj outlook Capek twb los ntawm tseem ceeb keeb kwm cov txheej xwm. Thaum nws kawm tiav los ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv, cov thawj lub ntiaj teb ua tsov ua rog. Cov tub hluas ntxhais txawj sau ntawv xav txog qhov ua rau ntawm tsausmuag kev tsis sib haum. Nws yog tsis muaj ab tsi thiab cov kev loj hlob ntawm tib neeg kev vam meej.

Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog sai tsim muaj tswv yim Capek nyob rau hauv lub thirties ntawm lub xeem caug xyoo. Cov nyiaj txiag ntsoog thiab cov kev hem thawj ntawm ntxiv bloodshed yog cov teeb meem uas feem ntau nyob rau hauv lub kev xav ntawm lub txawj sau ntawv. Capek los ua ib tug mej zeej ntawm lub anti-fascist zog. Ib tug tshwj xeeb qhov chaw nyob rau hauv nws tej hauj lwm yog lub ntsiab ntawm kev tsov kev rog.

Ua ntej lub liberation ntawm Czechoslovakia los ntawm Nazi txawj sau ntawv tsis nyob. Nws tuag nyob rau hauv 1938. Nyob rau hauv cov xyoo, raws li ua timkhawv pom, ob peb cov neeg ntseeg nyob rau hauv lub overthrow ntawm lub fascist dictatorship. Ib tug ntawm cov neeg sau ntawv thiab cov pej xeem detyaeley uas ua xyem xyav lub yeej ntawm txoj cai ntawm kev ua phem, yog Karel Capek.

cov phau ntawv

Nto moo tej hauj lwm ntawm Czech txawj sau ntawv - "Krakatit", "Niam", "Hoobkas ntawm lub meej." Sab saum toj tswv yim Capek tau hais tias yuav tshiab, "ua tsov ua rog nrog rau lub Newts". Qhov no ua hauj lwm yog xav tau tus tshaj plaws hwj chim anti-fascist phau ntawv ua ntej kev tsov rog. Capek sau "ua tsov ua rog nrog rau lub Newts" rau ob lub xyoos ua ntej nws tuag. Raws li critics, tus tshiab combines tag nrho cov zoo tshaj plaws uas yog nyob rau hauv tej hauj lwm ntawm Czech sau phau ntawv. Nyob rau hauv lub tam sim no ua hauj lwm tus thawj lub tswv yim, ib tug satirical grotesque, sib sib zog nqus philosophical subtext.

Heev heev dab neeg luv luv, humorous zajlus, tsab ntawv sau Karel Chapek. Tales uas yuav mus rau nws cwj mem, - "Pochtarskaya fairy taleas", "Hais txog qhov kev hma liab", "Noog taleas" thiab ntau lwm tus neeg. Raws li cov recollections ntawm cov phooj ywg thiab tsev neeg, Capek hais tias ntau tshaj ib zaug tias nws yuav tuag thaum lub hnub nyoog ntawm rau caum xyoo. Twv ua ntej tsis tau los muaj tseeb. Tus kws sau ntawv tuag nyob rau hauv plaub caug yim xyoo. Tab sis rau nws raug luv luv lub neej nws tsim ib qho zoo kawg tooj ntawm tej hauj lwm txhais tom qab ntawd mus tag nrho cov European lus. Feem ntau ntawm nws phau ntawv tau cia.