Invective - ib tug derogatory hais lus nyob rau ib tus neeg

Invectives - yog, nyob rau hauv niaj hnub parlance, dub PR. Thiab lub sij hawm, tuaj los ntawm ancient sij hawm thiab kawm qhia sawv cev rau ib tug txiav txim tswj ntsuas cov duab ntawm ib lub twj paj nruas.

txhais

Ancient Roman qhia invectiva chaw nyob thiab translates los ntawm Latin raws li ib tug "Branagh nws." Denounced neeg ntawm txhua lwm yam txij li thaum pib ntawm lus sib txuas lus. Yog li ntawd, lub sij hawm muaj ib tug ntau ntawm cov lus ua. Invective - ib tug phau ntawv, lampoon, philippic, diatribe thiab Menippean satire. Cov lus ua ib yam nkaus thiab, tuaj los ntawm cov ancient lub sij hawm thaum nws twb tau mus ua txhaum ib tug txiv neej cov hauj lwm thiab txawm lub neej, laj mej pej xeem hu nws ib tug tsaub. Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo, cov neeg tsim nyog npau taws hais lus, raws li lawv hais tias, cov tawv nqaij yuav thicker. Mus khob nws accusers hais lus los ua ntau picturesque thiab ntau openly. Thiab nyob rau hauv peb lub sij hawm, ib co cam hais tias lub invectives - yog areal, kev ua txhaum cai los yog foul lus. Nyob rau hauv luv luv, cov lus ntawm invective los yog lus sib liam ua laj mej pej xeem. Yuav ua li cas lus muaj peev xwm tseem yuav hu ua qhov kev txiav txim? Ce thiab nres thiab nres, thiab "tawm tsam". Muaj yog ib tug qab lub npe ntawm kiab khw tsim txom - hais lus (hais lus) tawm tsam. Qhov ntawd yog homogeneous tswv yim abound.

Nws ntseg ntuj thiab tsim nyog raws li cov lus nws tus kheej

Ib txhia cov ntaub ntawv qhia tias tus injective muaj nuj nqi ntawm cov lus yog ib yam, thiab hais tias tus neeg uas yog tswv rau qhov kev hais lus, yog nws tib txoj cai raws li rau kev sib txuas lus, kom tau txais thiab xa tawm tej ntaub ntawv. Hais tias yog, ib tug neeg tau mastered rau lub peev xwm mus hais lus, sib txuas lus, kawm thiab qhia thiab nyob rau tib lub sij hawm kawm mus qhuas los yog insult leej twg. Tab sis nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias nyob rau hauv cov zajlus version Ameslikas meant tias lub invective - nws yog tseem tsis hom lus qias neeg, thiab ib tug ntau yam ntawm pamphlets. Lawv yuav tsum yog tsawg kawg yog yuav witty. Satire, ua tis - ib tug txaus ntshai ua tsov rog, zoo tshaj dua li pej xeem poob ntsej muag. Ib tug phau ntawv - ib tug txawj ib hom ntawv nyeem, thiab invective raws li nws hom kuj yog xws li. Qhov txawv nruab nrab ntawm lawv cov lus dag nyob rau hauv lub fact tias cov artistic thiab journalistic ua hauj lwm, ib tug phau ntawv hu ua, yog ib tug nom tswv ib tug, raws li yuav luag ib txwm qhia tiv thaiv qhov system los yog ib yam ntawm cov nws sab, thiab invective, raws li ib tug txoj cai - lub phenomenon ntawm private kev txiav txim. Yuav ua li cas genus nws belongs, txawm li cas yog cov lwm yam hauv cov ntawv nyeem?

Cov tib hom ib hom ntawv nyeem ntaub ntawv

Los ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv phau ntawv lub npe hu hais tias muaj yog ib dabneeg ruaj khov division ntawm tag nrho cov hom ntawm kev sau ntawv tej hauj lwm, thiab nws yog hu ua los ntawm. Lub peb lub ntsiab hom: epic, lyric, thiab ua yeeb yam - yog muab faib ua lwm yam. Muaj lyric-epic lwm yam, xws li, piv txwv li, ib tug tshiab nyob rau hauv nqe vaj lug kub. Invective tib yam li cov epigram hais txog cov lyrics. Yuav kom nws kuj ranked li cov Ode thiab cov madrigal. Uas yog, qhuas thiab hais lus phem, lawv yog cov sib txawv nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim orientation lwm yam mus rau tib lub genus ntawm cov ntaub ntawv. Thiab, raws li sau tseg saum toj no, lub invective nyob rau hauv nws yog ib leeg xwb. Nyob rau hauv scalds, piv txwv li, twb hulitelnye kwv huam, hu ua Nida. Philippics heev yog npau taws diatribe, uas tau txais nws lub npe los ntawm Demosthenes, uas chim heev dhau lawm denounced cov Makadaunias huab tais Philip II. Lub npe tau ua synonymous. Diatribe, dhau lawm, yog ib tug diatribe, sib txuas loj thiab mockery. Menippean satire, yog ib yam ntawm cov diatribe - yog ib yam ntawm cov kev txiav nyiaj, muaj raws ntawm philosophical sib tham thiab parodies. Lampoon (ze tshaj rau tus dub PR) - nws yog feem ntau ib yam dab tsi phem, tsis txhob disdain caricature distortion, qhia tsis ncaj, hais lus phem thiab siab phem tawm tsam. Ntawm no yog ib co lwm yam nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv, nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd mus invective, nyob ze rau nws nyob rau hauv ntsuj plig thiab daim ntawv. Tab sis cov no lwm yam thiab ntau yam yog rooted nyob rau hauv antiquity. Nws tsis hu li tam sim no, ib co kiag li lawm, tab sis heev qhia nqe lus V. V. Zhirinovskogo philippics thiab diatribe. Cov ntau yam tsis nco qab lawm raws li invective, piv txwv uas, li cas los xij, yuav yooj yim ua.

notable piv txwv

"Nyob rau hauv kev tuag ntawm tus kws sau paj lug," lub feem ntau paub nyob rau lub inhabitants ntawm lub CIS lub teb chaws invective yog ib tug paj huam cov ntse heev M. Yu. Lermontova. Nws Mikhail Yuryevich, xa mus rau lub high zej zog, qhov chaw uas txhua leej txhua tus paub hais tias txhua lwm yam thiab twb ntshiab, kuv hais lus txog, hu ua neeg tua neeg A. S. Pushkina derisive ignoramuses, confidants ntawm kev phem, cowardly xeeb leej xeeb ntxwv "paub meanness nto moo poj koob yawm txwv." Ci ntsa iab ua hauj lwm abounds invective. Nyob rau hauv ib zaj paj huam los ntawm K. Simonov, invective nyob rau nws tus poj niam nyob rau hauv lub tswv yim ntawm tus tuag tus tub ceev xwm. Nws yog tag nrho ntawm xwb, yuav tsum tau txais tus poj niam no tsim txom. Lub tsev kawm ntawv tuav ib zaj paj huam "Mus rau ib ntus neeg ua hauj lwm" KF Ryleeva, ib tug ntawm tsib Decembrists twb hanged, nyob rau lub hwj chim tag nrho rau lub caij Arakche'ev. Literature paub ntau hnyav nqe lus tiv thaiv kev cov tib neeg.

intriguing title

Ib tug tej zaum ntxiv tias lub sij hawm rau ua tsis paub, heev melodious. Tej zaum yog vim li cas lub thiaj li hu ua nws tus kheej ib tug Moscow suab paj nruas pab neeg. "Invective" - ib pab pawg neeg tsim nyob rau hauv 2006. Lub album "Zodiac" muaj nyob rau hauv cov pej xeem sau nyob rau hauv 2008. Tam sim no lawv yog cov thawj coj ntawm lub kev theem thiab nkag mus rau hauv tej chaw. Cov ua tau muaj xws li cov soundtrack rau "Nirvana", vim uas Invektiva ntaus lub Ramp Festival nyob rau hauv 2008. Cov pab pawg neeg muaj 5 cov neeg. Lawv creativity lawv txheeb lwm pob zeb, tiam sis xav txog ua dag tsav lawv tus kheej nyob rau hauv cov style ntas.