Igor Grabar, lub painting "Hoarfrost" - ib qho ntawm qhov zoo tshaj plaws Lavxias teb sab toj roob hauv pes painting

Nyob rau hauv lub Soviet Union, txhua leej txhua tus paub hais tias leej twg lub Igor Grabar. Painting «Lub peb hlis ntuj Daus" yog paub los ntawm cov phau ntawv. Koj Lavxias teb sab artist, nto moo restorer thiab feemxyuam kos duab puav pheej rau ob-volume monograph txog Ile Repine Stalin nqi zog, Igor Emmanuilovich twb hlub los ntawm ntau rau nws thiab heev zoo nkauj ua hauj lwm ntawm Lavxias teb sab xwm.

Lavxias teb sab artist, yug txawv teb chaws

Nws txiv yog ib tug tswv cuab ntawm lub Austrian Parliament, li ntawd, yav tom ntej ci ntsa iab singer ntawm Lavxias teb sab xwm Grabar (daim duab "Lub ob hlis ntuj azure" - lub clearest pov thawj) yug nyob rau hauv Budapest. Nws twb ua kevcai raus dej nyob rau hauv lub Orthodox lub tsev teev ntuj, thiab nws godfather yog tus txiv ntxawm ntawm tus naas ej Lavxias teb sab artist Kustodiev, uas yuav tom qab sau lub npe nrov portrait Igorya Emmanuilovicha. Nyob rau hauv 1880 Olga Grabar coj nws tus tub nyob rau hauv Russia. High tsev kawm ntawv, nws tau mus kawm Yegorievsk Ryazan xeev. Tom ntej no yog ib tug kub puav pheej rau kev cob qhia nyob rau hauv lub Moscow Lyceum Tsesarevicha Nikolaya (1889), kws qhia ntawv ntawm txoj cai lij choj ntawm St. Petersburg University, tas nws nyob rau hauv 1893, thiab cov kev xaiv ntawm lub ntsiab lag luam ntawm nws lub neej. I. E. Grabar, uas nws daim duab "Balustrade" (1901) hais txog nws raws li ib tug txawj ntse thiab thawj masters, ua ib tug artist. Nyob rau hauv lub hnub ntawm lub neej ntawm St. Petersburg, nws tau mus kawm lub studio ntawm los sis Repina, los ua nws lub neej mlom, nrog rau Andrei Rublev. Nrog nws nyob rau tib lub sij hawm nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab Imperial Academy of Arts kawm Malyavin, Bilibin, Somov.

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Nyob rau hauv 1895, cov artist mus rau ltalis thiab ces nyob rau hauv teb chaws Europe. Nyob rau hauv Russia Grabar rov qab nyob rau hauv 1901, thiab kev zoo nkauj ntawm Lavxias teb sab qhov yog qhib nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm nws nyob rau hauv ib lub teeb tshiab. Vim nws poob siab artist sim qhia ib tug ob peb paintings - "Dawb Lub caij ntuj no", "" Lub peb hlis ntuj Daus ".

"Lub ob hlis ntuj azure"

Kev tshwm sim yog tus canvas uas nyob rau hauv 1904 sau Igor Grabar - "Lub ob hlis ntuj lazuli." Cov duab no yog tag nrho ntawm ib tug tshwj xeeb cov paj huam, ib tug uas suab nyob rau hauv lub verses los ntawm Boris Pasternak "nyob rau hauv Lub ob hlis ntuj. Tau number case thiab quaj! Sau ntawm nws, ncia. " Thiab Grabar sau nws painting heev ua nruj ua tsiv. Qhov no yog ib yam ntawm nws feem ntau coj paintings, nws yog - ib tug ntawm cov paintings uas tsim tus neeg sau ntawm nws tus kheej lub npe. Cov artist yog heev fond ntawm no ua hauj lwm, uas depicts ib hnub ci, lub caij ntuj no hnub, txawm nyob rau hauv lub suburbs. Txoj kev kaj siab uas nyob hauv daim duab, twb muaj ib tug me ntsis ua tsis taus pa ntawm caij nplooj ntoos hlav.

Nws pleev xim rau nws masterpiece nyob rau hauv lub artist Dugino. Yuav kom hloov thiab deb ntoo nyob rau hauv lub qab ntug, thiab cov loj loj loj ntawm huab cua tiv thaiv cov azure ntuj, Grabar xaiv lub kaum sab xis raws li yog ib tug me ntsis hauv qab no, rau cov uas nws khawb ib trench nyob rau hauv cov daus sib sib zog nqus, thiab nws muaj nws muab tso rau lub easel. Cov artist xav tias yog hais tias nws tej zaum yuav kis tsawg kawg yog ib feem ntawm txoj kev zoo nkauj uas nws pom, tau muaj ib tug yawm canvas.

Lub povhaum ntawm lub painting yog nws. Tus ntoo ciali mus las voos nyob rau hauv ib lub voj voog ib ncig ntawm ib tug central birch ntoo nyiam artist. daim duab loj - 104 cm nyob rau hauv qhov siab thiab 80 cm nyob rau hauv dav. Nws yog zoo li ntawd, hais tias nws tam sim ntawd tau lub Council ntawm lub Tretyakov Gallery. Qhov no ua hauj lwm, thiab rau hnub no yog ib qho ntawm nws lub ntsiab masterpieces. Nws kuj yuav raug ntxiv hais tias lub web yog cov puas zoo tshaj plaws cov duab ntawm lub ntiaj teb no.

Lub caij ntuj no, lub hnub, birch, te ...

Lwm masterpiece uas tsim Grabar - "Rime", hauv daim duab nyob rau hauv 1905. Yog hais tias nws tau sau nws nyob ib leeg, nws yuav tseem yuav nyob rau hauv lub cim xeeb ntawm yav tom ntej tiam, thiab nyob rau hauv cov phau ntawv on painting. Qhov no yog ib yam uas tsis tshua paintings, uas tsis tawm leej twg indifferent. Nws ua koomtxoos nco txog txoj kev zoo nkauj thiab uniqueness ntawm lub cim xwm ntawm Russia thiab nyob rau hauv nws tus kheej qhia tau hais tias cas ib tug zoo Lavxias teb sab painting.

Feem ntau cov hlub nqus Grabar lub caij ntuj no, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog daus. Nws ntseeg tias muaj ncaim ntawm lub caij ntuj no toj roob hauv pes ntau yuav poob. Ntawm qhov pom ntawm cov ntoo them nrog te, yuav luag ib txwm, thiab nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov muaj yog ib tug sib piv nrog cov taleas: "Tag nrho cov ntoo nyob rau hauv te, zoo li nyiaj, zoo li ib tug zoo kawg nkaus taleas tam sim no nyob rau hauv lub vaj ..." Thiab txhua leej txhua tus paub kwv huam Esenin nyiaj birch. Tag nrho cov kev zoo nkauj ntawm no ntuj phenomenon, lom los ntawm dozens ntawm zoo heev paj huam, yog reflected nyob rau hauv no tshwj xeeb cov khoom. Grabar, daim duab uas yog siab rau lub caij ntuj no te pleev xim rau hais tias "Zoo kawg nkaus lub neej ntsa." Nws ntseeg hais tias nyob rau hauv cov xwm muaj ntau heev ob peb moments ntawm polyphonic li te rau ib hnub ci hnub, thiab lawv yog cov tsis tshua nraum. Teeb pom kev zoo hloov tag nrho cov sij hawm, tsim ib tug tshiab cim xim schemes.

nws hu ua ceg them nrog te, pob zeb diamond lace, ci ntsa iab nrog tag nrho cov xim nyob rau hauv lub "ntuj turquoise enamel." Nyob rau canvas qhov luaj li cas ntawm 122,4 x 160,3 foregoing dhau nrog zoo kawg li quab yuam. Kuv yuav tsum hais tias, hais tias lub caij ntuj no ua hauj lwm I. Grabar - qhov zoo tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab kos duab, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov "Rime". Lub caij ntuj no, tshav ntuj hnub, zoo nkauj birch, ib lub cim ntawm Russia thiab lub Lavxias teb sab xwm, siab, lush nplooj, silvered thiab zoo li ringing. Lawv ceg pov rau hauv cov daus xiav, xim xiav thiab liab doog ntxoov ntxoo. Belle kev zoo siab thiab yuav muaj nuj nqis nyob rau hauv lawv cov kev zoo nkauj. Nyob rau hauv no ua hauj lwm txhua yam txawv, nws surprises thiab amazes tus tuav. Roj paintings, me me fractional cwj nrag (divisionism) daim duab yuam los tham txog qhov kev sau raws li qhov tus tsim ntawm Lavxias teb sab impressionism. Lub canvas yog muab cia rau hauv lub Yaroslavl Art Museum.

Nyob rau hauv Grabar ob peb txawv cov duab nrog no lub npe, thiab lawv yog cov tag nrho zoo heev, tab sis cov ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv 1905 yog zoo dua lwm tus. Sai li sai tau raws li tej birch hu ua Grabar, dab tsi cia li tsis sib piv. Feem ntau cov obviously, nws fits lub ntsiab txhais ntawm "supernatural tsob ntoo."

"... Yesenin zajlus, yuav luag biblical ..."

Lwm daim duab ntawm lub artist tsim muaj tag nrho cov canons ntawm Impressionism. Qhov no aforementioned "Lub peb hlis ntuj Daus" ntawm 1904. No, raws li nyob rau hauv lub ob yav dhau los paintings, qhuas mus ib txhis kov yeej tus ntsuj plig ntawm ib tug artist daus nyob rau hauv lub hnub. Nws thaws rov los lub ntxoov ntxoo ntawm cov uas lwm tus xwm, uas yuav kis tau los ntawm tag nrho cov ntxoov xiav, liab doog, lilac. Nws txawj dag ntxias peb hlis ntuj Russia dhau kuj ceeb tias muaj tseeb: nws yog caij nplooj ntoos hlav, tab sis daus tsis txawm xav kom yaj. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm lub cev rau kuv muaj kev hloov ntawm lub caij, txawm tus mob khaub thuas.

Nyob rau canvas depicts ib tug ntxhais hluas nqa dej thoob rau ib tug quab. Seemingly zoo tib yam nyob deb nroog toj roob hauv pes - cov vaj tse, twb snowless ntoo, nyob rau hauv uas buds yuav sai sai no zuj zus ua teb uas ciali te. Tab sis lub protagonist ntawm lub canvas - daus. Nws twb tsis ci ntsa iab, nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj no, yog tsis ntshiab dawb, tab sis nws yog tseem muaj ib tug ntau. Nws yog nyob rau hauv lub foreground daim duab uas tawg khiav ri niab ib tug ntau ntawm kaj me ntsis. Lub web yog tag nrho ntawm lub nplhaib. Painting tsawg piav saum toj no -. Tsuas yog 80 x 62 cm nws muab cia rau hauv lub Tretyakov gallery.

Txhua cov neeg ntawm lub teb chaws lub npe hu rau zoo nkauj ua hauj lwm ntawm Lavxias teb sab xwm txhuam xws geniuses li Savrasov, Vasiliev, Shishkin, Levitan. Igor Emmanuilovich Grabar, neeg 's Artist ntawm Russia, uas yog tus thawj Soviet ntxias muab tsub lub saib xyuas title "honored Artist", tsim nyog ntawm txuas ntxiv no prestigious series. Heev zoo nws pre-revolutionary scenery, tab sis paintings, sau nyob rau hauv lub Soviet lub sij hawm, tsis tuaj. Singer hnub ci frosty lub caij ntuj no thiab caij nplooj ntoos hlav thaum ntxov, Grabar thiab cov tshiab polity tseem ib tug zoo kawg cov neeg pleev kob.