Ib tug sau ntawv nyob rau hauv "cov duab ntawm cov neeg soj ntsuam nyob rau hauv lub comedy N. V. Gogolya" Tsoom fwv cov kws soj ntsuam "

Qhov kawg ntawm 1835, Nikolai Gogol kawm tiav los ntawm ib tug ntawm nws nto moo tshaj plaws tej hauj lwm. Lub complex thiab painstaking ua hauj lwm rau lub comedy "soj ntsuam" demanded ntau tshaj yim xyoo. Ib tug txawj sau ntawv cov ntse heev tau ua lub hauv paus duab. Nws tau txais kev pab raws li ib tug cim ntawm tag nrho cov uas muaj teeb meem, uas nws tau pom tus sau nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab lub neej thiab rau thiaj li ntev nrhiav kom qhia. Ib tug sau ntawv nyob rau hauv "cov duab ntawm cov neeg soj ntsuam" - tsis yog ib qho yooj yim txoj hauj lwm. Yuav ua li cas ua tau nws, pib qhov twg thiab dab tsi yog qhov niam tswv yim ntawm Gogol lub comedy, qhov no tsab xov xwm no yuav qhia tau.

txoj kev uas nws

Yuav ua li cas mus pib sau ntawv? Nyob rau "cov duab ntawm cov neeg soj ntsuam" sau ntau ib qho tseem ceeb cov khoom. Lub innovation ntawm tus sau uas tsim no cim, yog qhov tseeb hais tias ib tug cwj pwm, nws sau tag nrho cov kev phem uas yuav tsum tau pom nyob rau hauv lub bureaucratic thiab secular zej zog. Thaum lub sij hawm ntawm kev sau ntawv comedy yog kiag li cim daim duab ntawm lub soj ntsuam. Lub tsev kawm ntawv muaj pes tsawg leeg, cov ntsiab lus ntawm uas yog cov yam ntxwv ntawm no dab tuag cim yuav tsum tau raws li feem nyob rau hauv cov burning lus nug ntawm uas tsa lub Lavxias teb sab txawj sau ntawv. Txawm tias, nws yuav tsum tau hais tias tus neeg soj ntsuam yog tseem tsis tu noob.

unlucky official

Yuav ua li cas tswv yim twb seized thaum tsim nws tsis txawj tuag comedy Gogol N. V.? Ib tug sau ntawv nyob rau hauv "cov duab ntawm cov neeg soj ntsuam," raws li ib tug txoj cai, pib nrog ib tug nyuag Phau ntawv sau txog cov hero. Tom qab cais nws, koj muaj peev xwm to taub thiab tus neeg sau txoj kev npaj. Lub hauv paus protagonist ntawm "Lub soj ntsuam General" zoo nkaus li nyob rau hauv lub qhov muag ntawm tus nyeem ntawv ib tug neeg sawv cev official. Nws muab nws tshaj rau ib tug thaum nyob rau hauv lub tuam thiab ministries, ntse nqe lus khaws nyob rau hauv cafes thiab khw. Qhov chaw ib yam dab tsi pom los yog ib yam dab tsi hnov. Saum toj no tag nrho cov nws nrhiav nyiaj, ibyam thiab ua hauj lwm. Tab sis lub siab muaj ib tug heev coj tus, thiab yog li ntawd tsis tau paub lawv cov kev npau suav ntawm ib tug zoo kawg social lub neej thiab mus rau lub zos.

Khlestakovism

Ib tug sau ntawv nyob rau hauv "cov duab ntawm cov neeg soj ntsuam" yog tsis yooj yim sau, vim hais tias feem ntau cov hero yog pom kom meej meej heev. Thiab qhov no yog lub ntsiab yuam kev. Qhov no duab yog inextricably txuas nrog rau lwm cov cim thiab, tseem ceeb tshaj, nrog lub tswv yim yooj yim ntawm Gogol. Nyob rau hauv txhua tus ntawm lawv, txawm hais tias nyob rau hauv cov zaubmov, yog tam sim no Khlestakovism. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav sau ib tug zoo qib sau ntawv rau "cov duab ntawm cov neeg soj ntsuam," nws yog tsim nyog los muab cov tswv yim tseem ceeb ntawm tus sau.

Yuav ua li cas xav tias Khlestakov?

Ntawm lub taub hau ntawm nws cov lightness reigns thiab pathological complacency. Khlestakov npaj rau taug txuj kev nyuaj. Nws nyiam los qhia tawm, ua si ua si ntawm lub caij nyoog thiaj li zoo siab. Thiab mam li nco dheev podvorachivaetsja lub sij hawm. Nyob rau hauv lub zos nyob qhov twg nws los Auditor cia siab tias. Cov neeg soj ntsuam yuav tsum tau tshaj ib tug txiav txim official. Ntawm no koj yuav txhais tau lub thawj ntawm nws cov yam ntxwv feature - namely, kev hlub ntawm taug txuj kev nyuaj, uas, tej zaum, yuav tsis yog li ntawd yus yog hais tias tsis tsis kawg stupidity. Ib tug sau ntawv nyob rau hauv "cov duab ntawm cov neeg soj ntsuam," koj muaj peev xwm tsim nyob rau hauv cov nram qab no lub sij hawm:

1. Tsos thiab yam ntawm cov ua cim.
2. Impostor-Auditor.
3. Tsis xav dag.

Tab sis thaum sau ntawv tsab ntawv rau xws li ib tug lub tswv yim yuav tsum txhais tau lub tswvyim ntawm "Khlestakovism". Thiab nws txhais tau tias ib tug ua ke ntawm qhov tsis zoo sijhawm ntawm tus hero.

falsehood

Khlestakov lus dag tas li. Thiab yuav ua li cas lwm lam perceive nws tsis muaj tseeb, nws yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog comedy. Thaum Khlestakov qhia qhov tseeb, tsis ntseeg tias nws. Dev paus kuj ua tib zoo mloog, tsis muaj muab kev tsis ntseeg. Ua ntej koj yuav pib sau ib tsab ntawv nyob rau hauv cov khoom, cov duab ntawm lub soj ntsuam yuav tsum tau muab piv nrog rau lwm cov cim. Piv feature tso cai mam li nco dheev pom tias tag nrho lawv muaj ib yam dab tsi nyob rau hauv ntau. Tsis muaj lub zem Gogol hais tias txhua txhua ib ntawm peb tej zaum yuav ua li cas Khlestakov. Feem ntau yeej tsis tsis tshwm sim rau lawv tsawg kawg ib zaug nyob rau hauv lub neej. Rau tus kav nroog, postmaster Shpekin, Osip - tag nrho cov ntawm lawv muaj kuj yog ib tug me ntsis Khlestakovism.

tswv yim thaum pib ntawm lub comedy, lub protagonist nws yog tsis tshua muaj naive. Nws simplicity perceives qhov kev tshwm sim nyob rau hauv uas mam li nco dheev ntog. Khlestakov to taub hais tias nws yog muab rau lwm tus neeg, tab sis tsis tsuas yog tsis xyeej nws, tab sis kaj siab lug nkag mus rau hauv ib tug tshiab lub luag hauj lwm.

Tsos thiab tus cwj pwm zoo

Khlestakov - ib tug tub hluas ntawm nees nkaum-khib xyoo. Nws yog nyias, ntshiv thiab muaj ib tug dog dig ruam qhia. Raws li rau nws siab luv, nws yog heev placid thiab pathologically inconsistent. Hais lus thiab ua kiag li irrationally, vim hais tias nws kiag li tsis muaj lub peev xwm los xav hais tias rationally.

feature

Nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav sau ib tsab ntawv, "cov duab ntawm cov neeg soj ntsuam nyob rau hauv lub comedy N. V. Gogolya", yuav tsum tau nyeem cov khoom. Lub fact tias cov characterization ntawm tus hero muab tus sau maj. Nrog txhua scene, cov duab no qhia brighter. Nws yog lub npe hu hais tias nws tuaj ntawm lub Saratov xeev. Kuv mus txog ob lub hlis dhau los nyob rau hauv lub capital, tab sis cov kev pab cuam tsis tau. Khlestakov tau nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm lub nom tswv cajceg thiab yog li ntawd paub yuav ua li cas saib thiab yuav ua li cas mus hais lus. Tab sis nws xav yog li ntawd tsawg hais tias nws kiag li yuav tsis to taub, dab tsi yog qhov chaw ua hauj lwm ntawm cov neeg tseem ceeb gentlemen, dab tsi nws pom nyob rau hauv lub hauj lwm qhuab qhia. Khlestakov nws tus kheej, ntawm chav kawm, unaware ntawm nws ignorance.

Tag nrho nws cov thwj cwj pwm ntawm cov protagonist nws los ua pov thawj, tsis tsuas mus rau lwm leej lwm tus, tiam sis txawm mus rau nws tus kheej hais tias nws belongs rau high zej zog. Thiab yog li ntawd nws loses tag nrho cov nyiaj, sab laug yam tsis txhais tau tias, thiab txaus ntshai ua nyob rau hauv tsev lojcuj.

lucre

Khlestakov dag enthusiastically. Nws pib kom ntseeg tau tias nyob rau hauv nws cov lus. Qhov no tus cwj pwm yog tsis raws li frivolous raws li nws tej zaum yuav zoo li thaum xub thawj. Tom qab paub tias nws twb muab rau ib tug "tseem ceeb heev noog", los yog es - rau tus neeg occupying ib lub luag hauj lwm rau pej xeem chaw ua hauj lwm, nws nrhiav kev mus extract tshaj plaws kev pab los ntawm no.

Meanness thiab ris txiaj

Khlestakov pib extort nyiaj, coj bribes. Dhau li dragging tus ntxhais thiab tus poj niam ntawm tus cob moos. Thaum lub impostor thaum kawg realizes hais tias qhov kev ua si pib ib yam nkaus thiab txaus ntshai, nws yog hais txog nws St. Petersburg phooj ywg ib tug email nrog ib tug tsis zoo cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub nroog ua hauj lwm. Thiab muaj txawm tias ib tug feature ntawm nws tus cwj pwm - ris txiaj. Khlestakov tsis nco qab txog nyiaj txiag, thiab hais txog noj hmo tog thiab receptions.

Comedy "Lub soj ntsuam General" yog tsim los pab nyob rau hauv lub thib ob ib nrab ntawm cov XIX caug xyoo. Tab sis qhov no ua hauj lwm tsis tau poob nws cov nuj nqis niaj hnub no. Cov peb muaj postmasters, cov thawj ntawm cov tub ceev xwm. Txhua yam ntawm peb tsawg kawg ib zaug raws li cov neeg soj ntsuam. Thiab qhov teeb meem yog hais tias, ib co nyob rau hauv lawv txoj kev mus ntsib lub neej txoj kev niaj hnub version ntawm Gogol tus hero, tiam sis muaj ib tug ntse lub siab thiab ib tug txias siab, uas yog kiag li devoid ntawm Auditor impostor.