Hypersonic missile "zircon": Nta

Nyob rau hauv xyoo tsis ntev los, lub tebchaws United States yog sib tsim nws lub teb chaws missile kws muaj txuj ci. Lub siab ntawm cov US tsoom fwv mus rau qhov chaw ib co ntsiab ntawm nws cov missile kws muaj txuj ci nyob rau hauv Eastern Europe tau coj mus rau lub caij pib ntawm cov haiv neeg ntawm nuclear missile riam phom ntawm lub tebchaws United States thiab Russia.

Qhov tseeb ntawm tshiab supersonic riam phom

Vim hais tias ntawm lub high school nce ntawm US missile kws muaj txuj ci nyob ze Russia tus ciam teb, lub Ministry ntawm kws muaj txuj ci ua tus xaiv yaam kev txiav txim siab los mus dab no los ntawm kev tsim ib tug tshiab hypersonic missile. Ib tug ntawm lawv yog cov LC-22 - hypersonic missile "zircon". Zog ntawm Guj kuj, raws li nws cov tub rog tshwj xeeb, yuav tsum tau zoo counter tej zaum muaj tus tsim txom yog hais tias urgently modernize nws pab tub rog thiab rog.

Lub essence ntawm lub Modernization ntawm Lavxias teb sab Navy

Txij li thaum 2011, raws li lub hom phiaj ntawm Lavxias teb sab kws muaj txuj ci Ministry ua hauj lwm rau lub creation ntawm xws li ib tug cim riam phom, xws li ib tug foob pob ua ntxaij "zircon". Cov yam ntxwv ntawm supersonic missile distinguishes ib yam nyob rau hauv ntau - lub siab tshaj plaws ceev. Lawv muaj xws li ib tug ceev uas tus yeeb ncuab yuav tsis tau tsuas yog tsis yooj yim nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm intercepting lawv, tab sis thaum ua mus ntes. Raws li cov tub rog kws txawj, ib tug heev zoo deterrent thiab tej aggression txhais tau tias hnub no yog lub cruise missile "zircon". Khoom nta muab cov riam phom advanced hypersonic cua nrog rab ntaj ntawm Lavxias teb sab Navy.

Nqe lus nyob rau hauv lub xov xwm

Rau cov thawj lub sij hawm daim ntawv thov rau hauv thaum ntxov loj hlob ntawm lub complex nrog ib tug hypersonic cruise missile "zircon" hiav txwv rau peb xyaum? Nyob rau hauv lub xov xwm nyob rau hauv Lub ob hlis ntuj 2011. Riam phom los ua qhov tseeb kev loj hlob ntawm Lavxias teb sab designers.

Tej zaum cov los ntawm lub missile complex "zircon" yog ib tug tsiaj ntawv ntawm 3Q-22.

nws twb hais tias cov li tau pib txoj kev loj hlob ntawm lub foob pob ua ntxaij uas yuav ncav cuag ceev txog li Mach 13, siab tshaj cov kev ceev ntawm lub suab nyob rau hauv lub 12-13 lub sij hawm nyob rau hauv lub yim hli ntuj xyoo 2011, cov kev coj ntawm kev txhawj xeeb "Tactical cuaj luaj" Boris Obnosov. (Rau kev sib piv, niaj hnub no tus nqi ntawm nres cuaj luaj Lavxias teb sab Navy - txog li 2.5 Mach).

nws twb hais tias nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm luv luv yuav tsum teem lub thawj kev xeem ntawm lub hypersonic cuaj luaj Nyob rau hauv 2012, lub Deputy Minister of kws muaj txuj ci ntawm Lavxias teb sab Federation.

Qhib qhov chaw tshaj tawm hais tias txoj kev loj hlob ntawm lub nkoj complex hypersonic missile "zircon" entrusted "NPO Tshuab tsev". Nws yog lub npe hu hais tias cov kev yam ntxwv ntawm cov installation ntaub ntawv yog dej num, qhia Muab pov thawj: ntau yam - 300-400 km ceev - Mach 5-6.

Muaj unconfirmed lus ceeb toom raws li uas tus missile yog ib tug supersonic version ntawm "BrahMos" supersonic cruise missile, uas yog tsim los ntawm Lavxias teb sab designers nyob rau hauv kev koom tes nrog Indian cov kws txawj rau lub hauv paus ntawm cuaj luaj "Onyx" P-800. Nyob rau hauv 2016 (Lub ob hlis ntuj) los ntawm BrahMos Aerospace twb tshaj tawm hais tias ib tug hypersonic lub cev muaj zog rau nws cov xeeb ntxwv yuav tau tsim hauv 3-4 lub xyoo.

Nyob rau hauv lub peb hlis ntuj 2016 rau hauv xov xwm twb ceeb toom thaum ntxov ntsuam xyuas hypersonic missile "zircon", uas tau nqa tawm los ntawm hauv av community launch complex.

Nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, nws npaj rau nruab "zircon" nyob rau hauv lub newest Lavxias teb sab submarines "Husky". Thaum lub sij hawm no, cov multi-purpose nuclear submarines tiam sis thib 5 tsim los ntawm tsim Bureau "Malachite".

Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm rau hauv xov xwm ntaub ntawv twb ua rau pej xeem pej xeem yog tias lub davhlau tsim foob pob ua ntxaij kev ntsuam xyuas muaj nyob rau hauv tag nrho viav vias. Tomqab kawm tas yog yuav tsum tau ua qhov kev txiav txim nyob rau hauv qhov txaus sab uas "zircon" nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab Navy. Nyob rau hauv lub Plaub Hlis 2016 nws yog mus rau luam tawm cov ntaub ntawv uas cov missile xeem "zircon" yuav tau ua kom tiav los ntawm 2017, thiab nyob rau hauv 2018 yuav tsum tso rau hauv ntau lawm.

Txoj kev loj hlob thiab kev soj ntsuam

Nyob rau hauv 2011, cov pab pawg neeg "Tactical cuaj luaj" tau pib mus rau tsim hypersonic anti-nkoj cuaj luaj "zircon". Nta ntawm tus tshiab riam phom, cov kws txawj hais tias, muaj npaum li cas nyob rau hauv ntau nrog cov uas twb muaj lawm txheej "fireball".

Nyob rau hauv 2012 thiab nyob rau hauv 2013 nyob rau hauv lub qhov chaw ntawm ib tug tshiab missile xeem twb ua nyob rau hauv Akhtubinsk. Raws li cov cab kuj siv dav hlau "TU-22M3". Cov tshwm sim ntawm kev ntsuam xyuas nqa tawm yog tus xaus vim hais tias ntawm ib tug ua tsis tau tejyam start-up thiab luv luv davhlau warhead. Tom ntej kev ntsuam xyuas tau nqa tawm nyob rau hauv 2015 nrog lub luag hauj lwm ntawm kev tshaj tawm hauv av community launch complex. Tam sim no lub foob pob ua ntxaij "zircon" twb launched los ntawm cov xwm txheej ceev pib. Nta 2016 thaum kuaj tau zoo, prompting developers mus tshaj tawm nyob rau hauv lub xov xwm hais txog ib tug tshiab hypersonic missile.

Qhov uas nws yog npaj rau siv cov tshiab cuaj luaj?

Tom qab qhov kawg ntawm lub ntxiv teem sij hawm lub xeev cov kev ntsuam xyuas hypersonic missiles yuav tsum nruab nrog "Husky" (multi-purpose nuclear submarines), cruisers "Thawj Coj" thiab upgraded nuclear-powered cruiser "Orlan" thiab "Petr Veliky". Nyob rau hauv hnyav nuclear cruiser "Admiral Nakhimov" yog tseem ntsia anti-nkoj cuaj luaj "zircon". Nta ntawm tus tshiab high-ceev riam phom muaj ntau dua cov neeg ntawm nws cov qauv - piv txwv li, xws li ib tug txheej ntawm "Granit". Thaum lub sij hawm, nws yuav tsum tau hloov nrog lub LC-22. Tsis tshua muaj neeg pheej thiab modernized submarines thiab nto khoom siv tes ua foob pob ua ntxaij "zircon" yuav tsum tau siv.

kev yam ntxwv

• Missile ntau ntawm 1,500 kilometers.
• Installation muaj ib tug tshaj tawm uas hais txog Mach 6. (Mach 1 yog sib npaug zos rau 331 meters ib ob).
• Warhead ZK-22 nyhav kawg nkaus yog 200 kg.
• 500 km - voos kheej-kheej ntawm kev puas tsuaj, uas muaj ib tug hypersonic missile "zircon".

Nta cov cuab yeej muab ib lub hauv paus los txiav txim rau superiority ntawm tus tswv ntawm lawv pab tub rog tshaj tus yeeb ncuab, tsis muaj xws riam phom.

Cav thiab roj

Hypersonic los yog ultrafast xam tau tias yog tus kwv uas nws tshaj tawm yog tsis tsawg tshaj li 4500 km / h. Thaum tsim tej riam phom developers fim ntau yam kev thiab kev teeb meem. Co yog ib tug heev cov lus nug txog yuav ua li cas los mus siv cov missile acceleration, siv ib tug pa dav hlau engine thiab ib tug roj siv? Lavxias teb sab kws tshawb fawb thiab developers, nws twb txiav txim siab: mus disperse lub LC-22 mus rau siv ib tug tshwj xeeb foob pob ua ntxaij-ramjet engine, uas yog yus muaj los ntawm ib tug supersonic combustion. Lub lag luam cov ntaub ntawv rau tus tshiab roj xyaw "Detsilin - M", uas yog xam qhovkev rau lub zog hwj chim noj (20%).

Lub chaw muab kev koom tes nyob rau hauv txoj kev loj hlob ntawm science

High kub yog li ib txwm puag ncig, uas yuav siv sij hawm qhov chaw tom qab overclocking koj ya davhlau maneuverable missile "zircon". Nta homing ntawm supersonic ceev thaum lub sij hawm sib ntaus yuav tsum ho distorted. Yog vim li cas rau qhov no yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm ib tug ntshav huab uas yuav kaw los ntawm lub hom phiaj system thiab puas sensor, kav hlau txais xov thiab kev tswj pab kiag li lawm. Yuav kom ya ntawm hypersonic speeds cuaj luaj yuav tsum tau nruab nrog ntau sophisticated avionics. Lub serial ntau lawm ntawm HCC-22 science muab kev koom tes xws li cov ntaub ntawv, engine, electronics, aerodynamics, thiab lwm tus neeg.

Vim li cas missile "zircon" (Russia) yog tsim los pab?

Cov yam ntxwv tau tom qab lub xeev cov kev ntsuam xyuas, hais tias cov supersonic khoom tau yooj yim kov yeej lub anti-tank defenses. Qhov no twb ua tau vim lub ob nta xam qhovkev ZK-22:

• warhead tshaj tawm ntawm ib qhov siab ntawm 100 km ntawm 15 Max, t. e. 7 km / sec.
• Thaum nyob rau hauv tuab atmospheric txheej, twb ua ntej mus rau nws lub hom phiaj warhead ua complex maneuvers, dab tsi complicates lub chaw ua hauj lwm ntawm tus yeeb ncuab missile.

Muaj ntau cov tub rog kws txawj, ob qho tib si Lavxias teb sab thiab txawv teb chaws, ntseeg hais tias qhov kev kawm uas xaiv yaam parity nyob ntawm lub nyob rau ntawm hypersonic cuaj luaj.

Nyob rau lub zeem muag ntawm

Cov xov xwm koom tham lus qhia txog tus US cia nrog Russia nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm txoj kev loj hlob ntawm hypersonic cuaj luaj. Nyob rau hauv lawv cov nqe lus lub neeg sau xov xwm xa mus rau cov ntaub ntawv hauv Teb Chaws Asmeskas tub rog kev tshawb fawb. Lub rov tshwm sim ntawm armed Lavxias teb sab pab tub rog txawm niaj hnub tshaj lub missile "zircon", hypersonic riam phom yuav tsum nyob rau hauv 2020. US missile kws muaj txuj ci, uas yog pom tias yog ib lub siab heev tshaj plaws tshuab nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no, lub rov tshwm sim ntawm cov huab ceev ntawm nuclear riam phom nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab Cua Dag Zog Yuam yuav, nyob rau hauv lub tswv yim ntawm neeg sau xov xwm, ib tug tiag tiag kev sib tw.

undeclared caj npab haiv neeg tseem nyob rau hauv lub high-tech ntiaj teb no. Hypersonic riam phom xa mus rau qhov tseeb technology, uas nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 21st yuav ua si ib decisive luag hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ntawm tsov rog. Tsis yog lub caij nyoog nyob rau hauv 2000, US President George. W. Bush kos npe ib tug qhia uas dhau mus ua kev muaj tiag tau ua ntawv thov cov ceev ceev ntiaj teb no strike siv precision hypersonic cruise cuaj luaj.

Nws yog ib qho yooj yim mus twv rau leej twg nws tau npaj. Tej zaum hais tias yog vim li cas nws twb tau teev nyob rau hauv daim ntawv thov nyob rau hauv Lub kaum hli ntuj 2016 Lavxias teb sab kws muaj txuj ci Minister Sergei Shoigu, ua tsov ua rog nyob rau hauv Syria, X-101 - lub newest cruise missiles, uas nws ntau yam ntawm cov kev txiav txim - txog 4500 km.

Hypersonic missile "zircon", tus yam ntxwv uas muab ib tug enormous kom zoo dua nyob rau hauv weaponry muaj nws pab tub rog yog cov "golden npau suav" ntawm tej kev, minister thiab tus thawj tswj hwm. Lub xub ntiag ntawm xws riam phom yuav ua tau ib tug tseem ceeb deterrent nyob rau hauv tej tub rog muaj teeb meem.