Hom ntawm cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov hau kev ntawm lawv ua

Saib ib ncig ntawm koj: tag nrho cov uas nyob ib ncig peb - yog lub cev lub cev, los yog teb. Peb twb paub hais tias cov thawj yog nyob rau hauv qhov kev hloov, zog. Tag nrho cov dab ua kom muaj zog, uas ib txwm mus los ntawm ib daim ntawv mus rau lwm lub. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim ntawm lub zog ua tau ib lub teeb liab. Raws li cov foregoing, peb yuav hais tseeb tias tej teeb yeej muaj ib cov khoom zoo.

Yog hais tias lub teeb liab ua num ua ke nrog lub cev lub cev, thiab nws yog sau npe, cov txheej txheem nyob rau hauv ib tug txawv txoj kev muaj peev xwm muab txhais raws li nram no: ntau hom ntawm cov ntaub ntawv yog kaw lub cev lub cev. Yuav ua li cas peb muaj nyob rau hauv lub kawg? Txhais cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov lus. Tsis muaj teeb meem dab tsi zoo ntawm cov ntaub ntawv nws yog, lawv yog sau npe tseg.

Operations ntawm cov ntaub ntawv

Peb twb hais qhov tseeb hais tias cov ntaub ntawv yuav tsum hloov mus rau hauv hom sib txawv, qhov no yog hu ua ntaub ntawv, thaum nws yuav siv sij hawm qhov chaw los ntawm ib tug ntau yam ntawm txoj kev. Tab sis ua ntej koj formulate cov theem pib hom ntawm cov ntaub ntawv, koj yuav tsum paub hais tias lawv muaj xws li ib tug ntau yam ntawm kev ua hauj lwm, xws li:

• Collection.
• Formatting.
• Filtering.
• Sorting.
• Archiving.
• Conversion.
• Kev pab tiv thaiv.
• Tsheb thauj mus los.

Tam sim no ib tug khub ntawm kab ntawm txhua lub lag luam. Txhua yam ntawm cov ntaub ntawv keeb sau hais tias tso cai rau noog cov ntaub ntawv tsim nyog mus ua ib tug txiav txim siab. Hais txog kev formatting, koom nrog hloov dua siab tshiab ntawm ntau hom ntawm cov khoom cov ntaub ntawv mus rau ib tug ib lub siab, txoj kev no ua rau nws ntau mus siv cuag. Raws li nws yog ib qho yooj yim mus twv, lub filtering muaj nuj nqi muaj ib tug uas tsis muaj feem kawm poob ntaub ntawv. Los ntawm sorting ordering to taub txog lub hom phiaj ntawm yooj yim. Archiving tso cai rau koj mus cawm ib tug loj npaum li cas ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tsis muaj incurring tseem ceeb nyiaj txiag them tus nqi. Tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv no muaj nyob rau daim ntawv no. Conversion - tus txheej txheem ntawm converting cov ntaub ntawv ntawm ib hom mus rau lwm lub. Kev pab tiv thaiv yuav pab tiv thaiv kom txhob poob, thiab yog ib tug tseem ntau yam kev ntsuas. Tsheb thauj mus los yuav kis tus ntaub ntawv tsim nyog ntawm cov chaw taws teeb qhov chaw.

Cov ntaub ntawv faib ntawm hom thiab hom

Kiag li tag nrho cov hom ntawm cov ntaub ntawv raug muab faib ua ob haum loj pawg:

• Zog.
• Qhov.

Ntawm cov hoob kawm nyob rau hauv kev kawm txog zauv, peb paub tus nqi ntawm cov hom ntawm cov ntaub ntawv. Tus thawj yog tej ntaub ntawv uas nyhav hloov. Lub constants yog tib cov ntaub ntawv uas tsis hloov, lawv yog tas mus li.

Tsis tas li ntawd, cov ntaub ntawv no yuav muab faib rau cov hom:

• Numbers.
• Cov ntawv nyeem.
• Multimedia.

Cov yav tas muaj xws li cov ntaub ntawv muaj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov suab, graphics thiab lwm yam Pib ntsais koj teeb. Tswv yim los ntawm lub fact hais txog txhua yam ntawm cov ntaub ntawv, nws yog muab faib thiab hom:

• Byte.
• Numeric.
• Hnub thiab lub sij hawm.
• Zajlus kom ntaub ntawv.
• Nruas.

Coding. binary code

Yog li ntawd, peb ntsia lub theem pib hom ntawm tej yam yooj yim cov ntaub ntawv hom uas muaj npe, qhia lub ntsiab lag luam, uas tej zaum yuav siv tau. Tam sim no peb saib ib txoj kev cai. Cia peb kawm saib ua li cas ib co hom ntawm cov ntaub ntawv yuav tsum hloov dua siab tshiab rau hauv binary code. Yuav pib nrog peb yuav to taub li cas ib tug binary code. Cia peb mus!

Raws li tej zaum koj yuav twv, qhov no txoj kev yuav pab tau txia cov ntaub ntawv, uas yog, los qhia nws nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug code. Yog vim li cas nws yog hu ua binary? Qhov tseeb hais tias xws li ib tug code yuav muaj tsuas yog ob tug lej tom qab - 0 thiab 1, uas yog nyob rau hauv sib txawv ob peb ua ke.

Peb twb hais tias cov lus qhia yuav ua tau ntau hom, thiab rau automate nkag mus hauv cov ntaub ntawv yuav tsum tau hloov dua siab tshiab rau hauv ib daim ntawv. binary encoding txheej txheem yog siv nyob rau hauv xam. Yog li txhua binary zauv (0 los yog 1) nruab nrab yog ib me ntsis.

Nws yog ib qho yooj yim los ua peb suav: siv 2 me me muaj peev xwm muab sau cia li plaub lub tswv yim, peb tug lej - yim, thiab hais txog. Muaj yog ib tug tshwj xeeb mis uas tso cai rau koj mus tsis sau cov kev xaiv uas nyob rau hauv kuv lub taub hau, raws li nws yog lub sij hawm heev-consuming txoj hauj lwm, thiab tej zaum kuj txawm tsis yooj yim sua. Nws zoo li no: N = 2 ^ m. Nyob rau hauv cov mis no, muaj ob ntau yam: N - yog lub xov tooj uas tau ob peb ua ke, thiab m - tus naj npawb ntawm cov khoom, uas yog, yuav ua li cas muaj ntau yam binary tug lej tom qab peb siv.

qauv ntaub ntawv no

Raws li peb paub los ntawm tej kev, nrog rau tej ntaub ntawv yooj yim dua mus ua hauj lwm nrog yog hais tias lawv yog systematized. Koj muaj peev xwm xaiv ib tug ob peb xaiv rau Workers ntaub ntawv, uas yog, hom lug:

• Tawm.
• Tabular.
• Xaab siab.

Thaum peb ua miv cov ntaub ntawv, peb yuav ntsib nrog ob tug muaj teeb meem loj: yuav ua li cas faib cov ntaub ntawv thiab ces yuav ua li cas nrhiav tau dab tsi peb xav tau.

Tam sim no, ib ob peb kab txog txhua yam ntawm lug. Thawj rau peb daim ntawv teev yog ib tug linear thiab yuav siv sij hawm qhov chaw no rau ib tug yog vim li cas. Nws yog feem ntau, peb yeej paub tias cov daim ntawv teev, qhov twg txhua nkag nws muaj nws tus kheej tej xov tooj.

Tom ntej no yog ib tug tabular daim ntawv. Yuav ua li cas thiaj yuav muaj nrhiav tau cov ntaub ntawv yog? Txhua lub cell muaj ib qho chaw nyob uas muaj ob qho (cov tsiaj ntawv, cov xov tooj, los yog ib tug ua ke ntawd). Nco ntsoov tias lub rooj tej zaum yuav yog ob los sis ntau txoj. Ob tus thawj thiab thib ob hom qauv yog yooj yim mus use: tag nrho cov koj xav tau - yog paub cov kev cai rau cov yam ntaub ntawv. Txawm li cas los, tseem muaj teeb meem muaj nyob rau hauv kev hloov. Yog hais tias koj ntxiv rau daim ntawv teev los yog lub rooj caij, muaj yog ib tug yuav tsum tau hloov cov lis dej num ntawm tag nrho cov hlwb.

Xaab siab qauv yog siv thaum tus thawj ob hom yuav siv tsis tau. Tab sis nrog xws li ib tug qauv yog yooj yim mus ua hauj lwm, nws yuav muab tau yooj yim kho los yog supplemented.

cia units

Yuav kom khaws cov ntaub ntawv siv cov nram qab no ntau: Khoom, bytes (i.e. 8 khoom), kilobytes (1024 bytes), megabytes (1,024 Kbytes) gigabytes (1024 MB) thiab terabytes (1024 GB). Kuv yuav tsis txhob muaj, raws li muaj yog tsis muaj ntau yuav tsum tau.