High-speed u. Cov kev ceev ntawm high-ceev tsheb ciav hlau

Lub railway tau nyob ib ncig ntawm rau pua pua xyoo. Thaum lub sij hawm lub sij hawm no lub tsheb ciav hlau dhau ib tug loj loj evolutionary txoj kev los ntawm cov loj heev trolleys, raug tsiv los ntawm txhais tes ntsawj mus superhighways machines ua hauj lwm rau lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm magnetic levitation. Niaj hnub no Railway Express yog nyob rau hauv yuav luag txhua txhua lub teb chaws. Cia peb kawm saib, yog dab tsi yog tus ceev tshaj lub tsheb ciav hlau nyob rau hauv Russia thiab thoob ntiaj teb. Ntawm no yog cov kev ntsuam xyuas qhia uas yuav ncav cuag speeds ntawm dua 300 kilometers ib teev!

Belgium

Nyob rau hauv kaum ib qhov chaw - Belgian TGV sib txuas series (tsheb ciav hlau à Grande Vitesse). Cov tsheb ciav hlau twb tsim nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov 1987 thiab yuav tsum tau mus los ntawm Amsterdam rau Paris, dua Cologne thiab Brussels. Express u tau muab tso rau hauv lub lag luam nyob rau hauv 1997.

Niaj hnub nimno HSL 1 sau rau ib tug high-ceev kab, uas txuas lub capital ntawm Belgium, lub Fabkis railway. Txoj kev los ntawm Paris rau Brussels (300 km) tsheb ciav hlau sau nyob rau hauv cia li 82 feeb. Nws nruab nrab ceev ze rau 300 kilometers moos. Incidentally, qhov no txoj kev yog tsis pheej yig tsheb thauj mus los. High-speed tsheb ciav hlau pib nqi 88 euros (ob zaug cheaper dua cov pa mus ncig teb chaws). Txawm li cas los, ua los ntawm ib tug txaus nyiam discount system.

Taiwan

Kaum ceev tshaj plaws u ntawm lub ntiaj teb no yuav qhib lub Taiwan tshem ciav hlau THSR 700T. Long, dynamic thiab kom. "Shinkansen" prototypes thiab cov piv txwv los tsim nws yog ib tug Japanese tsheb ciav hlau. Maximum kev khiav hauj lwm ceev yog Taiwan Express 300 kilometers moos. Txawm li cas los, nyob rau hauv 2005, mus txog lub cim ntawm 315 kis lus mev. Uas tso cai rau THSR 700T rau nkag mus rau lub sab saum toj kaum ceev tshaj plaws.

Tshem ciav hlau sau los ntawm sab qaum teb mus rau sab qab teb ntawm Taipei, Kaohsiung. Kaum Ob tug xis lub tsheb rau ib qho chaw twg yuav caij mus txog 989 neeg caij tsheb. Lub tsheb ciav hlau yog nto moo tsis tsuas rau nws ceev, tab sis kuj muaj kev ruaj ntseg thiab raug.

Lub teb chaws Yelemees

Cuaj qhov chaw nyob rau hauv qhov qeb duas yog nyob los ntawm tus German high-ceev cob Intercity Express (ICE). Cov kev ceev ntawm xws li ib tug qauv kev tsheb ciav hlau Strasbourg Paris nce mus txog 320 kilometers moos. Niaj hnub no nthuav qhia ICE - cov no yog cov ntsiab German tsheb ciav hlau ntev mus. Lawv kuj tuaj nyob rau hauv lub tom ntej no European Union, thiab Russia (piv txwv li, high-ceev tsheb nqaj hlau Moscow - St. Petersburg).

Nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws Yelemees, peb pib los tsim high-ceev qauv nyob rau hauv 1985, thaum lub teb chaws twb muab faib ua ob qhov chaw. Thiab nyob rau hauv thawj lub tsheb ciav hlau ntsia sawv nyob rau hauv 1991, tom qab lub merger. Mock ICE-V tsim nyob rau hauv lub xeem hom, ceev 407 kilometers moos. Txawm li cas los, nyob rau hauv lub lag luam, nws twb tsis tso tawm.

Nyob rau hauv 1984 lub tuam txhab pib txoj kev loj hlob ntawm Transrapid xeem ntawm lub railway kab ntawm lub zos ntawm Laten thiab Derpy ua hauj lwm rau ib tug system ntawm "maglev". Nyob rau qhov no ceg tsheb ciav hlau yuav tos ceev mus txog 420 km. Tab sis vim hais tias ntawm kev puas tsuaj uas tshwm sim nyob rau hauv uas tua 23 tus neeg nyob rau hauv kab Cuaj hlis 2006, lub community launch txog lub "Maglev" twb muab ncua indefinitely. Niaj hnub no, qhov no railway locomotives mus xwb raws li sightseeing tours thiab attractions.

hais

Nyob rau hauv lub yim qhov chaw nyob rau hauv qhov qeb duas - lub UK high-ceev tsheb nqaj hlau. Sab saum toj cov neeg sawv cev - ib tug British Rail Hoob 373 thiab lub Eurostar. Lawv ceev yog hom twg los ntawm 300 mus 335 kis lus mev. Cov hluav taws xob series TGV (lub Fabkis qauv) tau muab tso rau hauv lub lag luam nyob rau hauv 1994 thiab khiav ntawm peb lub teb chaws: lub UK, Fabkis thiab Belgium. Lawv txoj kev yog los ntawm tus naas ej railway qhov av nyob rau hauv cov lus Askiv Channel. Incidentally, lub qhov - lub thib ob coos nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no.

Yog hais tias koj rov qab mus rau tus nqi, ces koj yuav tsum mus hais txog cov ntaub ntawv teev los ntawm Eurostar tshem ciav hlau nyob rau hauv 2003 - 334,7 kilometers moos. Tag nrho txoj kev los ntawm Paris rau London nyob rau hauv no lub tsheb ciav hlau yuav siv sij hawm 136 feeb.

London qhia feem ntau capacious nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no. Lawv muaj peev xwm nce mus 900 neeg caij tsheb. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, high-ceev cov neeg nrog caij tsheb ciav hlau Eurostar yog suav tias yog ib tug ntawm cov coos locomotives - nws nce mus txog 394 meters nyob rau hauv ntev thiab muaj 20 lub tsheb nyob rau hauv lub tsheb ciav hlau.

South Kauslim

Xya qhov chaw nyob rau hauv qhov qeb duas Korean lub tsheb ciav hlau KTX Sancheon. Nws ceev - los ntawm 305 mus 352 kis lus mev. Lokomotiv pib nws cov thawj txoj kev nyob rau hauv 2009. Cov tsim tawm - ib lub ntiaj teb nto moo lub tuam txhab Hyundai Rotem, uas yog lub hauv paus rau lub creation ntawm lub tshem ciav hlau coj lub Fabkis TGV technology.

Electric tswv lub teb chaws railway ntawm South Kauslim. Thiab txawm cov ntaub ntawv teev nyob rau hauv 2004 (352 km / h), express ceev yog yuav luag yeej tsis tshaj lub cim ntawm 305 kis lus mev. Tag nrho cov no yog muaj kev ruaj ntseg yog vim li cas, ntawm chav kawm. KTX Sancheon - capacious (mus txog 363 neeg caij tsheb), nyiam thiab niaj hnub qauv sau rau lub Seoul - Pusan thiab Yongsan - Mokpo (nyob rau hauv Kwangju).

Ltalis

Nyob rau hauv rau qhov chaw - lub Italian express ETR-500. Nws lub npe tag nrho - Elettro Treno Rapido 500. Lub tsheb ciav hlau twb tso tawm nyob rau hauv lub nroog Loos nyob rau hauv 1993. Qhov nruab nrab kev khiav hauj lwm ceev Express yog 300 tawm km / h. Tab sis nws cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv lub 362 kilometer tshem ciav hlau tauj nyob rau hauv 2009, thaum tsav tsheb los ntawm ib tug qhov uas txuas Bologna rau Florence.

Lub sij hawm thaum lub sij hawm uas tus ETR-500 overcomes koj txoj kev (Bologna - Milano), yog tsawg tshaj li ib teev. Incidentally, qhov no xyoo teem rau tso tawm nyob rau hauv ltalis cia li rau tiam tshiab ntawm ETR-100 locomotives. Cov cav tov yuav tsum tau tos ceev ntawm 350 thiab 400 km / h.

Spain

Tsib ntawm tus ceev tshaj qhib lub Mev high-ceev tsheb nqaj hlau manufactured los ntawm ib tug trading lub tuam txhab Alta Velocidad Española, los yog abbreviated po. Qhov no tsiaj ntawv tsis yog lo lus. Nyob rau hauv lus Mev, "lub po" txhais tau tias "noog." Lub nto moo tshaj plaws qauv ntawm lub tuam txhab - yog ib tug nplua nuj express tsheb ciav hlau po Talgo-350. Nws yeej yoov zoo li ib tug noog, xeeb speeds ntawm 330 km / h.

Po Talgo-350 - ib tug high-ceev tsheb ciav hlau thiab xis mus txog rau 318 cov neeg. Nws sau ntawm Madrid, Valladolid thiab Barcelona. Nyob rau hauv 2004, thaum lub sij hawm cov kev ntsuam xyuas thiab kev txom nyem, lub tshem ciav hlau twb tau mus overclock mus txog rau lub siab tshaj plaws ceev - 365 km / h. Los ntawm txoj kev, nws yog hu ua "os". Qhov no tsheb ciav hlau yog nicknamed vim hais tias ntawm nws kav ntev npaum ua ntej, thaj ntseeg tau tsa ib tug os tus kaus ncauj.

Tuam Tshoj

Thiab plaub, thiab peb qhov chaw yog npaum li cas los ntawm Suav high-ceev locomotives.

Nyob rau hauv plaub - "dawb huv Suav» CRH380A. Nws Chaw tsim tshuaj paus - qhov loj tshaj plaws lub teb chaws lub tuam txhab rau zus tau tej cov railway tsheb - CSR Qingdao Sifang Tshem ciav hlau thiab Rolling Tshuag lag. Tshem ciav hlau speeds rau 380 kilometers moos. Thiab nyob rau hauv lub xeem nws teem nws cov ntaub ntawv - 486 kis lus mev. CRH380A - nyiam thiab roomy high-ceev tsheb ciav hlau Beijing - Shanghai, Shanghai - Hangzhou thiab Guangzhou - Wuhan. Lawv txhua txhua hnub flights, nws pib ua nrog lub Cuaj Hli Ntuj 2010.

Peb qhov chaw - rau Suav Shanghai Maglev tsheb ciav hlau. Nws yog tau los tsim ib tug ceev ntawm 431 rau 501 kilometers moos. Lub tsheb ciav hlau ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm magnetic ncua kev kawm ntawv "maglev", uas tsis teev nws tus kheej lub Germans. Incidentally, Shanghai Maglev tsim tsis suav, tiam sis tib Germans. Nws tsab yog tus German tshem ciav hlau Transrapid SMT. Suav high-ceev tsheb ciav hlau twb commissioned nyob rau hauv 2004 nyob rau hauv lub nroog ntawm Shanghai. Qhov siab tshaj plaws ceev uas nws sau txhua txhua hnub raws nws txoj Shanghai - tshav dav hlau tsis pub tshaj 431 km / h. Txawm li cas los, nws tau thiab tshaj. Thaum tej kev txom nyem tshem ciav hlau dispersed rau 501 kilometers ib teev!

Fabkis

Qhov thib ob nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no rau ceev - yog lub Fabkis TGV tsheb ciav hlau series. Lawv mus rau kev ntawm Fabkis rau Switzerland thiab lub teb chaws Yelemees. Qhov nruab nrab ceev qauv - cov 320 km / h. Cov ntaub ntawv tau teev nyob rau hauv 2007 thiab li cas 574,8 km / h.

Fabkis high-ceev tsheb ciav hlau system thiab lub tsheb ciav hlau Grande Vitesse - ib qho ntawm feem nto moo thiab ceev tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no. Lawv pheej tuav lub ntiaj teb no ceev cov ntaub ntawv. Cov kev loj hlob ntawm tej qauv pib nyob rau hauv Fabkis nyob rau hauv lub mus txog 1960. Nws yog ib lo lus teb mus rau lub creation ntawm nws Japanese "Sinkansenov". Niaj hnub no, Fabkis boasts ib tug lossis loj high-ceev kab (tshaj 1,700 kilometers) thiab 4,000 locomotives xya hom.

Thaj av ntawm lub tshav microscopic

Yog li ntawd, peb tuaj mus rau tus ceev tshaj lub tsheb ciav hlau nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no. Thiab qhov no Japanese series "Shinkansen» (Shinkansen). Cov kev ceev ntawm high-ceev tsheb nqaj hlau - 581 km / h. Nws lov tag nrho lub ntiaj teb no cov ntaub ntawv rau hnub tim. Nyiv los ua tus thawj lub teb chaws tawm ntawm nws rail system faib ib kab rau high-ceev kev. Thawj feem ntawm no tsav ua nws ya davhlau nyob rau hauv 1964. Nws twb raws xuab moos mus rau coincide nrog lub Olympic ua si nyob rau hauv Tokyo. Lawv: Tokyo - Osaka.

Tus thawj tshem ciav hlau, "Shinkansen" tau ua nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov mos txwv, li no cov npe kom tsim nyog. Txawm niaj hnub no, lub Japanese tsheb ciav hlau nyob rau hauv lub qub-fashioned txoj kev no yog hu ua "cov mos txwv". Nws tseem yog ib lub cim ntawm lawv cov qib high-speed feature. Qhia tiag tiag ya nrog cov kev ceev ntawm ib lub mos txwv. Tsis ceev "Shinkansen" - 443 km / h. Thiab lub meej ntiaj teb no cov ntaub ntawv, uas yog tsim nyob rau hauv 2003, mus txog lub cim ntawm 581 km.

Niaj hnub nimno "Shinkansen" - ib tug nyiam high-ceev express tsheb ciav hlau, uas muaj nyob rau hauv nws cov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm kaum muaj zog thiab sustainable tsheb. Japanese engine tsis yog tsuas yog tus ceev tshaj nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no, tab sis kuj tus tov. Plaub caug-tsib xyoo ntawm lub lag luam ntawm lub tsheb ciav hlau ntawm no hom yeej tsis tau txais mus rau hauv ib tug loj kev huam yuaj! Tsis casualties, tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj - tag kev ruaj ntseg.

Incidentally, lub Tokyo rail network yog lub busiest nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no. Thaum lub sij hawm nws lub neej, "Shinkansen" u nqa ntau tshaj rau billion coob uas xam nrog! Tsis muaj lwm yam kab yuav tsis khav ntawm xws nuj nqis.

Qhov ceev tshaj plaws, feem ntau cov kev ruaj ntseg, tab sis kuj tshaj plaws yog nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no. Yog li, qhov kev ncua deb ntawm Osaka rau Tokyo tshem ciav hlau yoov rau 145 feeb. Thiab nyob rau hauv 2003, ua kom tiav 160 ntawm cov flights, "Shinkansen" deviated los ntawm lub sij hawm xwb rau vib nas this ...

Zog ntawm Guj kuj

Peb lub teb chaws yog, ntawm chav kawm, muaj peev xwm tsis khav xws impressive nuj nqis, thiab 300 km / h Lavxias teb sab locomotives tsis nkag mus rau hauv. Txawm li cas los, peb muaj peev xwm kuj khav high-ceev kev.

Ua ntej yuav 2009, nyob rau hauv txoj kev Moscow - St. Petersburg ua raws li lub tsheb ciav hlau ER200. Nws ceev raws li nws yog twb tau mus to taub los ntawm lub npe, yog 200 km / h. Thiab thaum lub sij hawm lub xeem tshem ciav hlau twb tau mus overclock mus txog 210 kis lus mev. Nyob rau hauv 2009, nws yog ib tug txuj ci tseem ceeb ntawm technology sau tawm, thiab nws twb hloov los ntawm high-ceev tsheb ciav hlau "Sapsan". Qhov no lub npe tshem ciav hlau twb muaj npe tom qab lub Peregrine ua liaj, uas yog suav hais tias yog ceev tshaj plaws noog nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no. Lub tsheb ciav hlau yog tsim thiab ua ke nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws Yelemees. Lub ncov nws muaj peev xwm tsim ib tug ceev ntawm 300 km / h. Cov chaw tsim tshuaj paus (Siemens) tsim ib tug tshaj plaws tsim ceev ntawm 350 kilometers moos. Thaum lub sij hawm xeem sau ntawv hauv peb lub railway tshem ciav hlau dispersed rau 290 km / h. Tsheb ciav hlau "Sapsan" tsiv rau qhov lawv Moscow - St. Petersburg. Qhov no deb nws mus plaub teev, qhov nruab nrab ceev yog 166 km / h. Nws tsis muaj ntau scatter rau kev ruaj ntseg. Los ntawm txoj kev, lub express los ntawm Moscow rau Nizhny Novgorod, feem ntau txav ntawm ib tug ceev ntawm 160 kilometers ib teev ...

Nyob rau hauv Russia, nyob rau hauv ob qhov chaw tom qab lub "Peregrine ua liaj" sawv ceev ceev lub tsheb ciav hlau "Nqos". Nws kuj tau tsim los ntawm lub tuam txhab German Siemens. Nws twb yeej raug xa mus rau Russia nyob rau hauv thaum pib ntawm lub caij ntuj no Olympics nyob rau hauv Sochi. Nws muaj tsib lub tsheb thiab ib tug ntev txog li 130 meters. Nws tej zaum kuj yuav ua nyob rau hauv dual hom (nrog qhov sib ntxiv ntawm tsib lub tsheb). "Swallows" tus nqi qis - mus txog rau 160 km / h. Nws yog tsim los rau suburban kev thiab yog txawm peem rau nrog siab platforms. Niaj hnub no, cov tsheb ciav hlau khiav los ntawm Moscow, St. Petersburg thiab Krasnodar. Raws li zoo raws li u thiab nyob Sochi Tuapse.

Nyob rau hauv Russia, tsis zoo li lwm lub teb chaws, nyias muaj nyias siab high-ceev kab ua tsis tau. Thiab high-ceev tsheb ciav hlau "Nqos", thiab tsis tsawg sai "Sapsan" taug kev lub twb pre-uas twb muaj lawm, albeit modernized, txoj kev. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, yuav ua kom paub cov qhia, peb yuav tsum tau tshem tawm ib co qeeb qeeb txoj kev. Qhov no, nyob rau hauv lem, tau tshwm sim los ib tug ntau ntawm discontent ntawm cov neeg nyob hauv zos. Thiab tus nqi ntawm daim pib rau cov tsheb ciav hlau yog heev siab heev, txawm los ntawm cov qauv ntawm cov teb chaws Europe thiab Asia. Thaum lub sij hawm ib qho chaw twg mus rau lub tshem ciav hlau los ntawm Moscow rau St. Petersburg koj yuav tau them ntau li ntau raws li yuav muab yog ces muab pov tseg muaj los ntawm lub dav hlau.