Golgi complex: cov qauv thiab cov kev ua ntawm organelles

Golgi apparatus - ib tug tseem ceeb organelle uas yog tam sim no nyob rau hauv yuav luag txhua txhua eukaryotic cell. Tej zaum qhov tsuas hlwb uas tsis muaj no complex yog cov ntshav liab ntawm vertebrates. Qhov no qauv zog yog heev ntau haiv neeg. Nws yog nyob rau hauv lub tsheb tank thiab noog nrog tag nrho cov tebchaw ua los ntawm lub cell, thiab ces yauv mus ntxiv sorting, kev hloov kho, redistribution thiab thauj.

Txawm tias muaj tseeb hais tias cov Golgi apparatus twb pom nyob rau hauv 1897, thiab ib co ntawm nws functions nquag kawm rau hnub tim. Xav txog qhov ntau ncauj lus kom ntxaws nta ntawm nws cov qauv thiab tau hauj lwm.

Golgi apparatus: qauv

Qhov no organelle membrane yog ib tug txheej ntawm tso tsheb hlau luam uas yog zoo nyob ib sab mus rau ib lwm, li ib pawg. Ntxwv thiab haumxeeb chav tsev yog suav tias yog dictyosome.

Dictyosome yog ib tug cais, ywj siab yog ib feem ntawm lub Golgi apparatus, uas muaj 3 - 8 yog zoo nyob ib sab mus rau txhua lwm yam tso tsheb hlau luam. Ib tug pawg ntawm cov daim nyias nyias tank yog surrounded los ntawm ib tug system ntawm me me vacuoles thiab hlwv - nyob rau hauv no txoj kev yog nqa tawm cov thauj ntawm tshuaj, raws li zoo raws li kev sib txuas lus dictyosomes ntawm lawv tus kheej thiab lwm yam cellular lug. Feem ntau, cov tsiaj hlwb tsuas muaj ib tug dictyosomes, thaum nyob rau hauv cog lug, tej zaum yuav muaj ntau yam.

Nyob rau hauv dictyosome muab faib ob xaus - lub cis thiab trans sab. Cis-sab txojkev mus rau cov tub ntxhais thiab granular endoplasmic network. Ntawm no nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm daim nyias nyias hlwv thauj tsim cov nqaijrog thiab lwm yam sib txuas. Thaum no kawg dictyosomes lossi tshiab tso tsheb hlau luam yog ua.

Trans-sab txojkev cell daim nyias nyias. Feem ntau, nws yog ib tug me ntsis dav. Ntawm no tuaj rau kev twb kev txuas uas twb dhau tag nrho cov ua sawv ntawm kev hloov kho. Los ntawm cov hauv qab ntawm lub tank yog lossi nraus me me vacuoles thiab hlwv, uas thauj cov khoom rau cov kev kawm cell organelles.

Golgi apparatus: muaj nuj nqi

Raws li twb tau hais, organelles zog yog heev ntau haiv neeg.

• Ntawm no yog lub qhov kev hloov kho yog ua tshiab khiv tsim protein molecules. Nyob rau hauv Feem ntau, lub protein molecule yog txuas mus rau ib tug carbohydrate, sulphate los yog ib tug phosphorus radical. Yog li, Golgi apparatus lub luag hauj lwm rau cov tsim ntawm cov nqaijrog ntawm cov ntshav membrane, enzymes thiab lysosomal proteins.
• Golgi apparatus yog lub luag hauj lwm rau thauj ntawm hloov cov nqaijrog nyob rau hauv tej yam cell chaw. Los ntawm trans-tes tas mus li cais me me npuas, uas muaj tag nrho cov proteins.
• Ntawm no, cov tsim thiab thauj ntawm lysosomal enzymes.
• Cov kab noj hniav ntawm lub tank muaj yog ib qho txuam nrog ntawm lipids, thiab nws thiaj li tsim ntawm lipoproteins - complex ntawm cov protein ntau thiab lipid molecules.
• Golgi apparatus ntawm ib tug cog ntawm tes lub luag hauj lwm rau lub synthesis ntawm polysaccharides, uas yog ua raws li los ntawm cov tsim ntawm lub cell phab ntsa ntawm cov nroj tsuag, raws li zoo raws li hnoos qeev, pectins, hemicellulose thiab waxes.
• Tom qab faib cog hlwb Golgi complex yuav siv sij hawm yog ib feem nyob rau hauv lub tsim ntawm lub cell phaj.
• Nyob rau hauv no kab organelle yuav siv sij hawm yog ib feem nyob rau hauv lub tsim ntawm lub acrosome enzymes, uas yog txoj kev puas tsuaj ntawm lub qe week ntawm fertilization.
• Lub hlwb cov neeg sawv cev protozoa ntawm lub Golgi ua yog lub luag hauj lwm rau cov tsim ntawm contractile vacuoles uas tswj osmotic siab.

Ntawm cov hoob kawm, qhov no yog tsis yog ib tug ua tiav daim ntawv teev tag nrho ntawm cov kev khiav dej num. Niaj hnub nimno zaum tseem ua ib tug ntau yam ntawm kev tshawb fawb, uas siv lub tshuab tseeb. Nws yog yuav hais tias nyob rau hauv lub tom ntej no ob peb xyoos, ib daim ntawv teev cov Golgi complex zog yuav ua rau kom ho. Tab sis peb muaj peev xwm twb hais tseeb tias qhov no organelle txhawb lub qub hauj lwm ntawm lub hlwb thiab tag nrho cov kab mob.