Ebony tsob ntoo: yees duab xim. Txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm ebony. Cov khoom ua los ntawm ebony ntoo

Ebony muaj ib tug dawb huv dub los yog dawb lias kab txaij ntoo. Nws twb tsis muaj cov txhua xyoo ib ncig. Heev hnyav thiab khoom, nws yog tej zaum cov feem ntau nqi ntawm tag nrho cov hom ntawm cov ntoo. Tej zog yog xam qhovkev rau ib co neeg sawv cev ntawm lub genus ntawm tsev neeg Persimmon ebony.

Hauj lwm thiab cov yam ntxwv

Ebony (yees duab tso rau hauv tsab xov xwm) - scatteredly vascular suab hardwood muaj ib tug nqaim dawb sapwood (timber txheej tam sim ntawd uas nyob ib sab mus rau lub Cortex). Nws muaj ib tug tseem ceeb nrog imperceptible txoj kev loj hlob rings ntawm dub xim nrog ib tug glossy nto. Nws lub plawv-zoo li tus rays yog nqaim heev, ces lawv yuav tsis pom nyob rau ntawm tej kem. Me hlab ntsha, sau nyob rau hauv lub radial pab pawg neeg, feem ntau uas muaj cov suab ntaub ntawv, xim nyob rau hauv dub.

Cov kev ceev ntawm lub qhuav ebony ntoo yuav txawv los ntawm 1000 mus 1300 kg / m³. Lub sapwood nqaim thiab sharply contrasting nrog qhov tsaus ntuj nti xim ntawm lub nucleus. Txawm li cas los, hnub-txiv moj mab, raws li zoo raws li ob peb lwm hom ntawm cov ntoo muaj ib tug loj sib txawv. Nws cov lus dag nyob rau hauv lub fact tias lawv sapwood thiab paub tab ntoo yog raws nraim xwm yeem nyob rau hauv cov xim.

txiv hmab txiv ntoo

Kuv yuav tsum hais tias los ntawm qhov ntxov tshaj plaws lub sij hawm ebony twb ncig los ntawm mysterious legends thiab superstitions. Piv txwv li, lub ancient Greek kawm Pausanias sau hais tias nws yog tawg paj txi txiv thiab tsis txawm muaj nplooj, thiab muaj xwb ntawm cov keeb kwm, uas yog siv rau cov kev kho neeg mob ntawm lub Ethiopians.

Feem ntau cov Eben, haiv neeg tauj thiab subtropical, evergreen, tab sis muaj kuj deciduous hom, ntau nyob rau hauv temperate climates. Caucasian persimmon kuj belongs rau tsev neeg no. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ebony loj heev thiab qab nyob rau hauv tsos tsa ib tug soob. Nyob rau hauv ancient Suav phau txog nws sau lwm 3 txhiab. Years ago. Persimmons yuav noj nyoos, thiab ua noj los ntawm nws preserves, khoom qab zib, candied txiv hmab txiv ntoo, thiab txawm wines thiab liqueurs. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, nws yog suav tias yog ib tug zoo noj haus khoom.

African ntau ntau yam

Xws li ib tug tshaj plaws li ebony ebony, combines ib tug xov tooj ntawm breeds uas yog haiv neeg rau cov teb chaws Asia (Sri Lanka, Is Nrias teb) thiab teb chaws Africa (Cameroon, Nigeria, Zaire, Ghana). Nws lub ntsiab feature - ib tug heev tsaus xim ntawm lub ntsiab tseem ceeb.

Cameroonian ebony - lub feem ntau ntau yam ntawm cov ntoo, uas yog mas los ntawm lub teb chaws. Nws muaj ib tug sib sib zog nqus dub xim, tej zaum streaked nrog grey. Lub ntsiab feature ntawm no ntoo cov lus hais qhib pores, vim hais tias ntawm cov uas nws yog muaj nuj nqis npaum li cas tsawg tshaj li lwm yam ntau ntau yam ntawm me me pore.

Madagascar ebony - ib tug maub xim av ntoo ceev rau 1000 kg / m³, uas twb yuav luag pom pores, tsis tshua muaj resistant rau dej, nws tsis yog ntshai ntawm kab-rwg.

Neeg Esxias ntau ntau yam

Macassar ebony - "xim" ntoo, sapwood uas muaj ib tug yellowish-dawb xim, loj hlob nyob rau hauv Indonesia. Cov ntsiav nws tus kheej yog dub nrog rau xim av los yog lub teeb daj kab txaij muaj ib tug heev ntom qauv uas extends rau 1300 kg / m³. Cov hmoov av ntawm tsob ntoo, raws li, tseeb, thiab tus so ntawm ebony, heev tshuaj lom. Nws muaj peev xwm ua tau ntau yam ntawm kev tsis haum tshuaj nyob rau hauv tib neeg, rau Piv txwv li, voos ntawm cov tawv nqaij los yog qog ua kua week.

Muna ebony - ntoo, zoo heev rau Macassar, tab sis nws los nrog lub teb chaws ntawm teb chaws Nyab Laj thiab Nplog.

Ceylon ebony muaj qhov zoo tshaj plaws yam ntxwv: khoom, nrog pom pores txig polished, tsis tshua muaj resistant rau dej thiab teeb meem kab. Cov khoom ua los ntawm nws yog heev yooj yim mus nrhiav tau vim hais tias lawv no kuj tsis tshua muaj thiab yog suav hais tias yog zoo tshaj plaws thiab kim heev. Nws yog los ntawm tej ntoo nyob rau hauv lub 16-19 th centuries, qhov zoo tshaj plaws craftsmen ua lawv rooj tog.

kom ntau ntau yam

Lunar ebony - ib tug tsis tshua muaj heev zoo ntawm hom mabolo. Nws hlob nyob rau hauv lub Philippines thiab yog pom xwb nyob rau hauv lub impenetrable tauj forests ntawm Myanmar. Qhov no ebony tsob ntoo, cov xim uas muaj qhov txawv teeb ntxoov, zoo nkaus li zoo nkauj heev. Yog li ntawd, sai li sai tau tom qab lub sawing ntoo nrog predominant dawb neyarkimi, greenish tsuas, tab sis tom qab so qhuav cov xim hloov mus rau golden daj Hawj txawm nrog dub qauv, kab txaij thiab streaks. Tej zaum, es tsis txhob ntawm qhov tsaus ntuj nti yuav pom, thiab lwm yam xim, xws li xiav los yog qhob noom xim kasfes.

Los ntawm txoj kev, rau hauv lunar ebony nyob rau hauv Myanmar txiav thiab tshem tawm los ntawm lub teb chaws yog txwv tsis pub. Phiaj rau nws billet muag heev tsis tshua muaj, thiab ces tsuas nyob rau hauv me me qhov ntau. Tej rigor vim lub fact tias rau tej no tsuas yog cov ntoo, uas nws muaj hnub nyoog yog hom twg los ntawm 400 mus rau 1000 xyoo. Interestingly, lub hli ebony nyob rau hauv tsos yog tsis sib txawv los ntawm lwm tus. Nws xim yuav pom tsuas yog tom qab sawing.

kom qhuav nta

ebony tsob ntoo loj hlob haum maj mam: muaj peev xwm dhau ib xyoo pua, mus txog rau thaum nws nce mus txog tus coj mus muag loj. Nws yog vim hais tias ntawm no ntoo yuav li tuab (mus txog 1300 kg / m³) thiab yooj yim tog rau hauv dej. Nws txhua yam khoom yog heev: kev txwv dabtsi yog khoov zog ntawm ib co Indian thiab African hom nce mus txog rau 190 MPa thiab ib tug hardness ntawm 2 lub sij hawm lub dag lub zog ntawm cov ntoo qhib. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, zoo ebony mas siab tej yam loads.

Ziab ib tug ntoo - tsis yog ib tug yooj yim teeb meem. Yog hais tias koj ua txhaum lub tshuab, nws yog ntseeg tau txo nyob rau hauv volume. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws uas nws koom nyob rau hauv lub workpiece, raws li nyob rau hauv ancient lub sij hawm, ua ib tug tshwj xeeb pre-slicing cia 2 xyoo ua ntej logging. Nws yuav ua nyob rau hauv no txoj kev: nyob rau hauv ib lub voj voog nyob rau hauv paus ntawm lub qia rau yog txiav sapwood khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg, nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav nres txoj kev loj hlob ntawm tsob ntoo.

Tom qab ntxawm thiab sawing lub cev lawm, tiav lawm boards, uas lawm ua tib zoo kho nrog txiv qaub los yog lwm yam ntaub ntawv, stacked nyob rau hauv lub teeb. Qhov chaw rau ntxiv cia yuav tsum tau sheltered los ntawm lub hnub thiab tsis muaj drafts. Cia li ua kom tag nrho cov saum toj no tej yam kev mob, nws yog ua tau kom tsis txhob dhau sai kom qhuav ntawm tus ntoo. Qhov no txoj kev feem ntau yuav siv sij hawm tsawg kawg rau lub hlis. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm kev ua txhaum cai ntawm tsawg kawg yog ib tug ntawm cov kev cai ntawm lub Rooj Tswjhwm Saib tej zaum yuav warp thiab ua them nrog heev heev tej kab nrib pleb.

ntau lawm nta

Tam sim ntawd nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg hais tias ebony yooj yim mus ua hauj lwm zoo nkauj zog, li ntawd, cov neeg muab kev koom tes yog feem ntau cov txiv neej. Qhov no painstaking ua hauj lwm yuav tsum tau ib tug ntau ntawm kev siv zog, thiab txawm zus tau tej cov me me figurines yuav coj ib tug ntev heev lub sij hawm. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, ua ntej pib ua hauj lwm nrog cov ntoo ntawm ebony, koj yuav tau saib xyuas kev ruaj ntseg. Raws li twb hais saum toj no, cov hmoov av thiab shavings yuav ua kom ua xua, yog li tus tswv feem ntau yog coj tsom iav thiab ib tug gauze ntaub qhwv.

Tseeb, ebony ntoo yog heev yooj yim mus txiav vim nws kev kub ceev, thiab ntau yam mineral inclusions uas tam sim no nyob rau ntawd. Cov zog muaj ib tug tsis zoo feem on lub cuab tam txiav npoo uas sai sai heev ua npub. Qhov tseem intractable yog ib tug workpiece, lub fibers ntawm uas muaj ib tug laim ntoom qauv. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, tej yam ntoo yog cov nquag mus chipping, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog Indonesian Makassar. Txawm li cas los, lathes daws zoo. Thaum cov khoom no yog npaj txhij, nws yog av thiab li muab nws ib tug zoo nkauj matt ci.

Cov kev siv nyob rau hauv qhov siv thiab ua cov suab paj nruas seev

Cov neeg pib siv ebony rau lawv xav tau kev pab txawm nyob rau hauv ancient sij hawm. Nws yog ib nqi sau cia hais tias nws yeej ib txwm tau nyob rau hauv tus nqi, li ntawd, nws twb siv mas rau qhov siv thiab ua ntau yam kev cai dab qhuas khoom, sculptures, thiab, ntawm chav kawm, kim rooj tog. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, nws yog ntseeg hais tias cov ntoo ebony tau neutralize cov tshuaj lom tuag, rau qhov no yog vim li cas nws yog feem ntau siv rau zus tau tej cov tais diav ntim chaws.

Eben yog dav siv nyob rau hauv qhov siv thiab ua cov suab paj nruas seev xws li raj nplaim, oboe thiab Clarinet. Tsis tas li ntawd, ebony yog zoo rau piano lub lag luam thiab guitar qhov chaw, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog zoo li thiab vultures. Kev cob qha cov musicians txaus siab rau xws cuab yeej. Yog li ntawd, polished plhaub guitar, ua los ntawm ebony, tsis emit ruaj extraneous suab txawm yog hais tias tus neeg tuaj daws kho ntawd "tuaj tawm" nrog hlua.

Cov kev siv nyob rau hauv lub rooj tog kev lag luam

Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua XVII ebony siv tsis tau tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub inlay tab sis nyob rau hauv veneering. Tab sis qhov loj tshaj kev txaus siab nyob rau hauv nws pib qhia xwb 200 xyoo tom qab ntawd, thaum kuv pib coj zoo lawm zam, raws li nyob rau hauv lub imitation ntawm lwm haiv neeg, rau Piv txwv li, Roman, Greek, Iyiv, Indian thiab thiaj li nyob. D. Ib qho kev thov yog curule quav nrog X-zoo li tus ob txhais ceg. Nyob rau hauv ancient Rome, lawv tau ua los ntawm kaus ntxhw los yog bronze, thiab nyob rau hauv lub puas tawm xyoo - ebony. Nws zoo nkaus li zoo lub teeb thiab elegant, tab sis nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb nws yog ib tug robust thiab txhim khu kev qha tsim.

Nyob rau hauv peb hnub los ua ib tug zoo siab tswv ntawm cov rooj tog uas ua los ntawm ebony, - ib tug unheard-khoom kim heev uas yuav them taus tsis muaj ntau. Vim nws cov khoom ebony, cov khoom uas cov menyuam tag nrho cov thoob lub ntiaj teb no, yog ib tug kim heev cov ntaub ntawv uas. Vases thiab figurines, tswm ciab sticks thiab artfully carved los ntawm feemxyuam craftsmen, los ua ib tug tiag tiag zoo thiab tsis tshua muaj acquisitions uas yuav kho tej tsev.