"Dopamine": phau ntawv qhia, xyuas, piav qhia, analogs

Pharmacological nyhuv "dopamine" tshuaj vim nws teej tug mus rau lub adrenergic tshuaj thiab txo kom tag nrho nce nyob rau hauv suab nrov, noj mob nqaij thiab cov hlab ntsha, ua kom cov cov txheej txheem uas tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub central lub paj hlwb. Ib yam li ntawd, lub cev reacts nyob rau hauv ib tug tej yam tshuaj dopamine, uas yog tsim nyob rau hauv ib txwm tej yam kev mob ntawm lub hlwb hlwb. Siv qhov cuab tam nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj yog dictated los ntawm qhov yuav tsum tau rau zoo tshwj kom txhob cov teebmeem ntawm kev poob siab lub xeev, kab mob plawv (arrhythmia xws li), khoom noj khoom haus lom thiab kev nyuaj siab.

Metabolism hauv thiab Kinetics

Raws li cov lus qhia rau kev siv, "dopamine", nyob ntawm seb ntau npaum, tej zaum yuav ua tau ib tug causative tus neeg saib xyuas ntawm adrenergic beta thiab alpha hom, ib tug zoo ntxim rau mauj hemodynamics thiab qualitatively txhim kho lub ua hauj lwm musculature ntawm cov ntshav hlab ntsha thiab ob lub raum. Lub active tshuaj yog faib uniformly thoob plaws hauv lub cev, nyob rau ib feem ntawm cov reactants overcomes cov ntshav-hlwb barrier.

Tus kho nyhuv tshwm sim tsis pub dhau tsib feeb tom qab cov tshuaj saib xyuas thiab txuas ntxiv rau ib tug tag nrho ntawm txog kaum feeb. Tom qab metabolism, uas tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub siab, ob lub raum thiab tej nyob rau hauv ib tug ntshav tsim tsaug zog tebchaw. Kwv yees li 80% ntawm cov tshuaj tas nyob rau hauv cov zis li metabolites nyob rau hauv thawj hnub.

Thaum nws yog pom zoo kom siv cov tshuaj "dopamine"?

Cov lus qhia rau kev siv qhia txog ib daim ntawv teev tus neeg mob:

• poob siab ntawm ntau yam keeb kwm (.. nyob rau hauv t h ib lub xeev uas ua los ntawm cov lag luam kis los yog tshuaj lom tus kab mob, thiab mob tsis meej);
• plawv insufficiency (mob daim ntawv no);
• kev los yog cov pa zaub mov lom (tshuaj tej diuresis, uas favorably muaj feem xyuam rau cov qhov tso zis nqi ntawm toxins);
• hypotension.

Cov kev siv thiab ntau npaum ntawm "dopamine"

Cov tshuaj hais txog cov pab pawg neeg uas tau txais tso dej txia npaj. koob tshuaj muab xam yog tau noj mus rau hauv tus account lub tiag tiag poob siab ntawm qhov teeb meem no thiab nrog rau cov yuav tsum tau hloov li cas lawm rau cov ntshav siab. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, nws yog noj mus rau hauv tus account tus neeg mob lub tshuaj tiv thaiv rau lub Txoj kev lis ntshav raws li ib tug tag nrho.

Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nkag siab txog hais tias cov tshuaj (mg) - tsis yog tib txog kev paub rau lub qhov. Qhov kawg nyhuv nyob rau hauv lub ceev uas cov tshuaj yuav tsum tau qhia "dopamine". Cov lus qhia rau kev siv distinguishes cov scenarios:

• urinary nce - los ntawm 100 mus 250 g / min;
• kho nrog kev phais conjugate - los ntawm 300 mus 700 g / min;
• mob ntsoog los yog dynamic poob siab lub taub dej khawb cim - los ntawm 750 mus rau 1500 mcg / min.

Yog hais tias cov kev taw qhia ntawm ib tug me nyuam npaum li cas ntawm ib tug mob arrhythmia tau raug pom tias cov tshuaj txhaj koob tshuaj tsis nce. Cov neeg mob KIDS tshuaj dripped nrog ib tug kev siv ntawm 4 mus rau 6 mg / kg / min. Ceev yog tom ib lub zuj zus, raws li nyob rau hauv lub zoo tej yam kev mob ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv.

Qhov siab tshaj plaws koob tshuaj dopamine mus rau tib neeg mob tej zaum yuav txawv - phau ntawv ua hauj lwm pab lub hom phiaj (excitation raum nqaij, cov hlab ntsha, mob plawv, thiab lwm yam ...). Tab sis yuav ua tau kom cov kev siv ntawm cov tshuaj tus me nyuam mus rau theem ntawm 30 mcg / kg / min los yog ntau tshaj nws yog tsis pom zoo, raws li qhov no tej zaum yuav adversely muaj feem xyuam rau tus neeg mob tus mob.

Contraindications mus rau lub "dopamine"

Nyob rau lub sij hawm ntawd thaum lub siv ntawm cov tshuaj yog txhob, qhia tag nrho cov tib cov lus qhia rau kev siv. "Dopamine", nyob rau hauv particular, tsis txhob muab rau cov neeg mob thiaj paub hais tias nrog ib tug complex pathology ntawm lub qog caj pas los yog muaj mob uas cuam tshuam rau adrenal qog. Ntawm cov hoob kawm, kev txwv yuav tsum ua tau thiab idiosyncrasy ntawm cov tshuaj Cheebtsam.

Lub plawv atherosclerosis teeb nyob rau hauv ib tug neeg mob los yog hnyav atherosclerosis - lwm ob heev loj tshaj uas yuav ua lub hauv paus ntawm ib tug piav rau txoj hauj lwm hais txog cov kev uas tsis yog-siv ntawm kev kho mob Txoj kev lis ntshav tov. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, nws yog ib undesirable mus rau chaw uasi rau qhov chaw drippers "dopamine", yog ob qho tib si ntawm cov nram qab no mob:

• hyperthyroidism;
• mob ntshav qab zib;
• pheochromocytoma.

Tsis txhob cia lub simultaneous thawj coj ntawm cov tshuaj noj txhais tau tias rau tshuaj loog, ua rau lub hauv paus ntawm ib tug halogen (los yog nws cov derivatives). Nyob rau lub sij hawm ntawm cov tshuaj rau cov pojniam xeebtub txiav txim siab los ntawm cov kws kho mob.

Sab los: Cov tsos mob thiab cov ua cim ntawm lub

Tshuaj "dopamine" (cov lus qhia rau kev siv ncaj qha raws li qhia los ntawm) yog ib tug multifunctional lub cuab tam rau tib neeg raug tus kab mob. Ntxiv mus, nyob ntawm txoj kab ntawm ib tug nyhuv lig scenario, thaum Txoj kev lis ntshav provokes tus txoj kev loj hlob ntawm sab los, li ntawd, nyias hais tias qhov tseeb hais tias kev siv ntawm cov nyiaj yuav tsum xaiv raws li ib tug prerogative ntawm tej thiab mas tsim nyog tshwj xeeb.

Piv txwv li, hai tau npaj siab mus tsim kho ib tug hlab plawv system tig ib ncig point qeeg los yog complex (cai ntse jumps nyob rau hauv cov ntshav siab, mob mob sib txawv ntawm cov kev siv nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam ntawm lub hauv siab, thiab thiaj li nyob. P.). Cov lwm fab - bronchial chua, xeev siab, mob taub hau, zoo siab lub xeev, alternating causeless ntxhov siab vim, txog siav.

Tej zaum kuj muaj me me daim tawv nqaij necrosis, qhov ntswg thiab pais plab los ntshav. Nrog ib tug muaj zog overdose qhia kom paub txog kev phiv yog tsis yooj yim. Txawm li cas los, qhov tshaj ntawm relying pom tus nqi (mg) nyob rau hauv me me yog tau txhais mus rau hauv muab zais dab uas tsis yooj yim rau kev tshawb nrhiav, ua rau nws tsis yooj yim rau neutralize tau tsis zoo los ntawm tso dej tswv yim "dopamine."

ceev faj

Cov kev tshuaj tiv thaiv mechanism txiav txim ntxiv tej yam kev mob rau cov kev siv ntawm "dopamine" tshuaj. Cov lus qhia rau Siv lub xeev:

• tshuaj ua ntej thawj coj mus rau ib tug neeg mob uas yog nyob rau hauv ib lub xeev ntawm kev poob siab, nws yog tsim nyog los ua kom haum ntawm hypovolemia vim txhaj ntshav kua;
• cov neeg mob uas nyob rau hauv tsis ntev los no lub lis piam tsis tu ncua tau txais monoamine oxidase inhibitors, xeem tsis ntau tshaj 10% ntawm lub cev koob;
• Txoj kev lis ntshav yuav tsum tau nrog los ntawm yuav tsum tau tswj ntawm tus nqi ntawm tso zis thiab periodicals lub plawv dhia; Nws yuav tsum tau ua xyuas ntawm cov ntshav siab (ruaj khov siab nyob rau hauv cov hlab ntsha, nrog ib tug cim txo nyob rau hauv cov zis tso zis - ib lub teeb liab mus rau hais tias koob tshuaj "dopamine" yuav tsum raug txo);
• cov neeg mob nyob rau hauv 18 lub xyoos no yeej muab tso rau ntawm kev pheej hmoo, vim hais tias qhov no muaj hnub nyoog pab pawg neeg tsis tau loj-scale cov kev tshawb fawb nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm tus kabmob thiab tshuab nyob rau hauv lub Cheebtsam ntawm lub tshuaj;
• qhia ib tug tov rau hauv lub cev li sai tau yuav tsum tau nqa tawm los ntawm loj ntshav kab (kom txo kev pheej hmoo ntawm extravasation); Yog hais tias cov ntshav tawm ntawm cov hlab ntsha nyob rau hauv cov ntaub so ntswg tseem muaj ib tug yuav tsum tau siv sij hawm tam sim ntawd kev ntsuas kom infiltration;
• ntawm thawj lub sijhawm twg los ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm peripheral ischemia, siv ntawm cov tshuaj yog nres.

Sis nrog lwm yam tshuaj

Raws li cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov tshuaj qauv ntawm cov tshuaj "dopamine" (piav qhia ntawm cov kev npaj qhia saum toj no), nws tseem tau los xaus hais tias cov kws compatibility. Nyob rau hauv kev, cov tshuaj tsis hnov mob mus rau lub alkaline kua (deactivating Cheebtsam), raws li zoo raws li hlau thiab ntsev, thiamine (vitamin molecule cleaves kawg B1). Lub hypotensive nyhuv ntawm Txoj kev lis ntshav damped yog thaum uas tig mus rau lub "dopamine" nyob rau hauv lub kho cov hoob kawm ntawm kev ua si ntawm mecamylamine (los yog derivatives thereof).

Synchronized nrog rau kev siv cov tshuaj levodopa zoo guarantees qhov tshwm sim ntawm progressive fibrillation. Nyob rau hauv lem, cov active tshuaj xws li ergometrine thiab ergotamine yuav ua tau kom gangrene, thiab nyob rau hauv ib tug "dopamine" tseem ceeb heev overdose - txawm ua intracranial hemorrhage.

Hais tias zoo compatibility nrog glycosides, siv nyob rau hauv Cardiology, thiab diuretics.

Nrov analogues "dopamine"

Trade npe ntawm cov tshuaj, lub active mis uas sau raws nkaus Ii rau cov qauv ntawm "dopamine" tshuaj (analogs uas hais nyob rau hauv kev txiav txim ntawm displaying cov degree ntawm lawv muaj nyob rau hauv lub domestic kev ua lag luam):

• "Dopamine," ua teb chaws - Russia.
• "Dopamine-Admeda", lub teb chaws Yelemees.
• "Dopamine-Solvay 200», lub teb chaws Yelemees.
• "Dopamine-50 Solvay", lub teb chaws Yelemees.
• "Dopamine hydrochloride", teb chaws Poland.
• "Dopmin", Finland.

"Dopamine": kev xav thiab cov lus

Vim qhov xwm ntawm cov tshuaj yuav tau ntsib nrog rau cov views ntawm cov neeg mob txog nws cov hauj lwm zoo yog luag tsis yooj yim sua (neeg mob yauv Txoj kev lis ntshav sai, ua nyob rau hauv ib lub xeev ntawm kev poob siab, yog nyob rau hauv intensive kev saib xyuas los yog ncaj qha rau ntawm kev khiav hauj lwm rooj). Kev cob qha cov tib controversy unfolded rau cov nplooj ntawv ntawm forums ua mas anesthesiologists thiab neeg ua hauj lwm kev pab cuam "Emergency Medical Assistance".

"Dopamine", xyuas uas feem ntau ntawm lawv yuav tsum tau to taub tsis tau rau cov txiv neej tsis muaj kev kawm ntawv - ib tug kho mob uas tsis-conservative mechanism ntawm qhov kev txiav txim: cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog tswj los ntawm cov kev taw qhia ntawm cov thawj koob tshuaj mus cuag tej yam tshwm sim, uas yog, rau tag nrho cov qhov ntev ntawm lub sij hawm luv. Ntxiv mus, tus kws kho mob los kho lub ntim thiab txaus tus nqi ntawm cov tshuaj los ntawm lub flow vector yuav hloov nws kho thaj chaw.

Tej yam tshuaj dopamine thiab antagonists

Kev lub npe suab zoo li dopamine davhlau lawm. Nws yog ib tug complex tshuaj compound yog tsim los ntawm lub paj hlwb hlwb thiab muab ib tug qub (li ib txwm nyob rau hauv kev to taub tib neeg) ua hauj lwm tag nrho cov nqaij pawg thiab tsis yog. Bliss, yooj yim, npaj rau txhua yam kev kuaj - yog yuav ua li cas lub psychophysical neeg portrait, nyob rau hauv uas muaj yog ib tug tso tawm ntawm lub cev ntawm cov hormone. Thaum tsis muaj peev xwm ntawm yam khoom uas los "Library ntsoog": tus cwj pwm pom detachment kam txais dab tsi tshwm sim nyob ib ncig ntawm, shackled zog, kev xav yog tub ceevxwm.

Tej zaum kuj muaj yog ib tug yuav tsum tau rau dag thaiv cov hlab receptors uas teb rau davhlau lawm. Lub luag hauj lwm insurmountable barrier khiav lag luam dopamine antagonists. Tshuaj ntawm no pab pawg neeg excludes qhov yuav tshwm tau ib tug "natural siab," uas yog, nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, quenched nrog psycho-lub cev ua si ntawm tus neeg mob. Formulation ntus antagonists ntawm no lawm yog tsis txhaum nyob rau hauv schizophrenia, tshuaj kho mob, mob migraine, mob ntawm lub plab.